From uni-regensburg.de!fauern!zib-berlin.de!netmbx.de!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!uunet!molly!vlcek Thu Mar 10 03:26:30 1994 Newsgroups: comp.unix.unixware,comp.unix.sys5.r4,news.answers,comp.answers Path: uni-regensburg.de!fauern!zib-berlin.de!netmbx.de!Germany.EU.net!EU.net!uunet!molly!vlcek From: vlcek@molly.uucp (James Vlcek) Subject: comp.unix.unixware Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list Message-ID: Followup-To: comp.unix.unixware Summary: Answers to questions frequently asked about Novell's UnixWare product Supersedes: Reply-To: uunet!molly!vlcek (James Vlcek) Organization: The Black Box of Lowertown Date: Tue, 8 Mar 1994 02:55:13 GMT Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.Edu Expires: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 02:55:06 GMT Lines: 1729 Xref: uni-regensburg.de comp.unix.unixware:3138 comp.unix.sys5.r4:5414 news.answers:11640 comp.answers:3653 Archive-name: unix-faq/unixware/general Last-modified: Tue Mar 8 02:55:34 GMT 1994 Version: 1.0 This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) list for the Usenet newsgroup comp.unix.unixware and the Univel mailing list (univel-request@telly.on.ca). This FAQ is posted to comp.unix.unixware and related groups, including news.answers and comp.answers, roughly once a month. Readers of this FAQ with access to the Internet should be able to find this document archived in the news.answers archive at rtfm.mit.edu and available by anonymous ftp. The location of this FAQ is: rtfm.mit.edu:/pub/usenet/news.answers/unix-faq/unixware/general I welcome comments and/or suggestions from interested readers. Particularly useful are suggestions for FAQs which are written up in Q/A form. Please send your comments and/or suggestions to uunet!molly!vlcek (uucp) molly!vlcek@uunet.uu.net (Internet) Please state in your email whether I may print your name and/or email address along with the FAQ information you have provided. Printing these may result in other Net or mailing list readers contacting you, thus I will not print them unless explicitly authorized. TABLE OF CONTENTS The FAQ is divided into four main categories: (G) General, for items of nonspecific interest (U) User, for items of interest to general users (S) SysAdmin, for items of interest to UnixWare system administrators (D) Developer, for items of interest to software developers/programmers Each question in the fact is preceded by the text string "Subject: " (to enable newsreaders to identify the individual FAQs) and a unique question number. A complete listing of these question numbers follows: G1) What is UnixWare? G2) Where can I purchase UnixWare? G3) How much does UnixWare cost? G4) What are UnixWare's hardware requirements? Does it run on a PC? G5) Which system vendors will sell you a machine with UnixWare installed? G6) What is the UnixWare "Personal Edition"? G7) What is the UnixWare "Application Server"? G8) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? G9) How about review articles on UnixWare? G10) Are there anonymous ftp / mail server sites with UnixWare archives? G11) Where can I get online information on UnixWare? G12) Where can I get a hardware compatibility list for UnixWare? G13) Where can I find a driver for [accelerated graphics card]? G14) I have release 1.0; how do I get my release 1.1 upgrade? G15) What has been upgraded in release 1.1? U1) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? U2) Can I run DOS/Windows programs under UnixWare? U3) Can DOS NetWare users log in to a UnixWare box via IPX? U4) Are there CD-ROM of freeware binaries precompiled for UnixWare? U5) Why can't I type in an "at sign" (@) at a command prompt? U6) How can I access the standard UNIX `man' pages from the command line? S1) What books on UnixWare system administration might I read/purchase? S2) How can I change my system's name? S3) What traditional Unix utilities have been left out of the UnixWare PE? S4) Does UnixWare come with TCP/IP and/or NFS? S5) Will UnixWare 1.1 have TCP/IP bundled with the Personal Edition? S6) Can I replace the stock UnixWare X server with something faster? S7) Why can't I access the CD-ROM drive after I've just installed from it? S8) Why does my data comm package lose characters constantly at high speeds? S9) How can I make or get an emergency boot floppy? S10) How do I set a dialup password on UnixWare for a specific port? S11) How do I configure electronic mail on UnixWare? S12) How many updates are there, what are they, and where do I get them? S13) How do I know which updates I've already got installed? S14) How can I make the `man' pages accessible from the command line? S15) Are there disk compression utilties for UnixWare? S16) How do I install a package downloaded from one of the ftp servers? S17) How can I speed up the loading of Windows programs from floppies? S18) Why has fingertip librarian suddenly stopped working? D1) What books on UnixWare programming might I read/purchase? D2) Are there alternatives for programmers to the UnixWare SDK? D3) I installed the Prime Time SDK, and now I can't log in?! D4) Will UnixWare version 1.1 bundle Motif? D5) How do I avoid problems programming with the UCB compatibility libraries? D6) Where can I get Emacs? D7) How can I compile X clients without a complete X11 source tree? D8) I've now got 1.1. Where's my SDK? D9) I've now got the 1.1 SDK. Where's xab? QUESTIONS GENERAL Subject: G1) What is UnixWare? UnixWare is Novell's Unix offering, combining Unix System V Release 4.2 for 80x86 processors with NetWare client connectivity, DOS Merge, Motif, support and documentation. It provides a graphical user interface based on the X11R5 windowing system, and is capable of running Unix, DOS, and/or Windows programs. UnixWare, first released in November 1992, was the product of a jointly-owned venture, named Univel, between Novell and Unix Systems Laboratories (USL, then a part of AT&T). In the spring of 1993, Novell completed its acquisition of USL and, by extension, Univel. USL and Univel have since been folded into the newly-formed Novell Unix Systems Group (USG, the namesake of an earlier group by the same name at AT&T). One still sees the Univel name frequently, but it is being gradually phased out over time. In this FAQ, I will use the phrase "Novell USG" to refer to the Unix Systems Group where once "Univel" would have been used. The current version of UnixWare is release 1.1. Users of release 1.0 may call Novell for a free upgrade to release 1.1, and are strongly encouraged to do so. The "UNIX" trademark, previously owned by AT&T and then deeded to USL, passed to Novell with the acquisition of USL. After a brief period of negotiations with rival Unix vendors Sun Microsystems, Santa Cruz Operation, International Business Machines, and Hewlett-Packard, Novell deeded the UNIX trademark to X/Open Co. Ltd., an Open Systems industry standards branding agent based in the United Kingdom. Henceforth, the granting of licenses for the trademark UNIX will be handled exclusively by X/Open; eventually, licenses will be granted only for products which exhibit conformance with the so-called Spec1170, a set of 1,000-odd applications programming interfaces (APIs) drawn from the following standards: IEEE Portable Operating System's Interface (POSIX) 1003.1 AT&T's System V Interface Definition SVIDIII X/Open's XPG-4 interface specification "Use-based" APIs drawn from an assortment of third-party vendors Strict conformance to Spec1170 has not yet been implemented by X/Open (to my knowledge, no current commercial UNIX offering is fully conformant with Spec1170) to allow grandfathering in of existing UNIX flavors. Strict conformance will likely be implemented by late 1994 or 1995. Subject: G2) Where can I purchase UnixWare? You can contact Novell USG for reseller information at 1-800-879-6168 between the hours: Monday through Friday 5AM-6PM Pacific Time Saturday 8AM-2PM Pacific Time Another vendor offering UnixWare, including mixes of options not available from Univel, is the Information Foundation. They can be reached at by phone at (303) 572-6486 or 1-800-GET-UNIX, or via email at "sales@if.com". Every mail-order software house I've contacted so far has carried UnixWare. This includes the following: Computer Discount Warehouse Programmer's Paradise 1-800-891-4CDW 1-800-445-7899 ASAP Software Express Inmac 1-800-248-ASAP 1-800-323-6905 UniPress Software Unidirect 1-800-222-0550 1-800-755-8649 Subject: G3) How much does UnixWare cost? UnixWare's list price (Personal Edition) is still being quoted at $249 in adverts, but you shouldn't pay more than $200 for it. Information Foundation used to advertise a $166 price, but has replaced this with a "Please Call" listing. Inmac presently advertises a $199 PE, and other mail-order houses are right in this range as well. With NT selling (or should I say NoT selling :-) at roughly $275 on retail shelves, you can combine the UnixWare PE with the Prime Time SDK (described later in the FAQ) at $60 for a full-fledged Unix development environment for less than the cost of vanilla NT (sans C compiler). Subject: G4) What are UnixWare's hardware requirements? Does it run on a PC? Yes, UnixWare runs on PCs. The necessary hardware configuration for installing and running UnixWare is: * A personal computer running an Intel 80386 or higher processor with a minimum speed of 25MHz. The ISA, EISA, and MCA bus architectures are supported. * A minimum of 8MB RAM for the Personal Edition. * A minimum of 12 MB RAM for the Application Server. * A minimum 80MB hard disk for the Personal Edition. * A minimum 120 MB hard disk for the Application Server. * A minimum 40MB if you have a second hard disk (optional). * A 3.5-inch or 5.25-inch diskette drive for booting UnixWare. * A serial, bus, or PS/2-compatible mouse is recommended, but not required. Evan Leibovitch (evan@telly.on.ca) notes that, while UnixWare does not absolutely require a 3.5" diskette drive, it is a practical necessity in real world usage. Many useful/necessary packages only come on 3.5" media. Eric Raymond used to post in the Usenet group comp.unix.pc-clone.32bit a guide to hardware compatibility for Unix versions that run on Intel-based hardware. While not specifically devoted to UnixWare, it was handy for discussions of the difficulties that may be encountered in installing Unix on PC hardware. Unfortunately, nothing has been heard from Raymond in recent times and, while you can probably find a copy of the last version of the pc-clone hardware guide in the rtfm.mit.edu archives, the information therein is getting more dated by the minute. Subject: G5) Which system vendors will sell you a machine with UnixWare installed? I do not currently have an official list of vendors offering bundled UnixWare. Can anyone supply one? AST Research presumably offers UnixWare bundled on its machines, as the infamous October SunWorld article on Unix-on-Intel mentioned that they stripped the bundled UnixWare off their AST in order to experience the "joy" of reinstalling it. Call: AST Research 1-800-876-4AST Mobius Computer of Pleasanton CA will sell you an Intel box with UnixWare preinstalled, among other Unix offerings: Mobius Computer 5627 Stoneridge Drive, Building 312 Pleasanton, CA 94588-8503 (800) MOBIUS1 (510) 460-5252 FAX (510) 460-5249 Mobius does have email access, although they don't seem to attach the same importance to it that Usenet readers would. They don't list a general sales or info address; you might try sales@mobius.com or info@mobius.com. Sound Software Ltd. of Brampton Ontario resells UnixWare as software alone, or bundled with an Intel box: Sound Software Ltd. 20 Abelard Avenue, Brampton, Ontario Canada L6Y 2K8 (905) 452-0504 (905) 452-9754 FAX sound@telly.on.ca American Micro Group, Inc. of Fort Lee NJ sells "UnixWare-optimized" systems as well as x86 boxes "with almost all commercial PC Unixes installed": American Micro Group, Inc. 240 Riverdale Drive Fort Lee, NJ 07024 (201) 944-3293 (201) 944-3902 FAX sales@amg.com info@amg.com Information Foundation, which resells UnixWare software, now also offers a hardware platform as well: Information Foundation 1200 17th Stree Suite 1900 Denver, CO 80202 (303) 572-6486 (303) 573-6484 FAX sales@if.com Subject: G6) What is the UnixWare "Personal Edition"? The UnixWare "Personal Edition" is the desktop version of UnixWare. The following laundry list is lifted from Information Foundation's bounce-back email information server: UnixWare Personal Edition UNIX System V Release 4.2 Base System Printer Support Network Support Utilities Graphics Utilities Enhanced Application Compatibility Adobe Type Manager TypeScaler Fonts Networked Graphics X11 Windowing System Graphical Desktop Manager Windowing Korn Shell CD-ROM File System Support Ethernet Hardware Support Token Ring Hardware Support European Language Supplement DOS Merge for DOS/Windows Support Novell Network Services Subject: G7) What is the UnixWare "Application Server"? As the name implies, the Application Server is the server version of UnixWare. Originally, at least, the idea was that an enterprise network would be built up of DOS, Windows, and UnixWare clients, with a NetWare box providing file services and a UnixWare AS running applications which would display on the PE clients. I don't know if this is still the plan or not. The laundry list (again lifted from the IF literature) is: UnixWare Application Server Personal Edition (Unlimited User License) Personal Utilities TCP/IP & NFS where UnixWare Personal Utilities = Advanced UNIX Utilities BSD Compatibility Advanced Administration Utilities Subject: G8) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? The manuals you get with UnixWare are pretty slim indeed, and you'll probably find yourself needing one or more of the UNIX Press books on Unix SVR4.2 to supplement the bundled documentation. The following is a complete list of the Unix SVR4.2 series: Title ISBN # - User's Series - Guide to the Unix Desktop 1-56205-114-8 User's Guide 0-13-017708-3 - Administration Series - Basic System Administration 0-13-042573-7 Advanced System Administration 0-13-042565-6 Network Administration 0-13-017633-8 PC-Interface Administration 0-13-066820-6 Audit Trail Administration 0-13-066887-7 - Programming Series - UNIX Software Development Tools 0-13-017690-7 Programming in Standard C 0-13-017666-4 Programming with UNIX System Calls 0-13-017674-5 Character User Interface Programming 0-13-042581-8 Graphical User Interface Programming 0-13-042698-9 Network Programming Interfaces 0-13-017641-9 Device Driver Programming 0-13-042623-7 STREAMS Modules and Drivers 0-13-066879-6 Portable Device Interface 0-13-066838-9 - Reference Series - Command Reference (a-l) 0-13-042699-0 Command Reference (m-z) 0-13-042607-5 Operating System API Reference 0-13-017658-3 Windowing System Reference 0-13-017716-4 System Files and Devices Reference 0-13-017682-6 Device Driver Reference 0-13-042631-8 To order single copies of this documentation, call (515) 284-6761. For bulk purchases (more than 30 copies), contact Corporate Sales Dept. PTR Prentice Hall 113 Sylvan Avenue Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632 (201) 592-2863 (201) 592-2249 Samuel Ko (kko@sfu.ca or sko@wimsey.bc.ca) maintains the "Concise Guide to UNIX Books", which is posted regularly to the Usenet newsgroups misc.books.technical, alt.books.technical, biz.books.technical, comp.unix.questions, comp.unix.wizards, comp.unix.admin, comp.answers, and news.answers. It can also be downloaded from the Internet via anonymous ftp at rtfm.mit.edu:/pub/usenet/news.answers/books/unix. This list contains many titles of interest to UNIX users both new and old, and is well worth the trouble to acquire. Subject: G9) How about review articles on UnixWare? Open Systems Today, in its February 15 1993 issue, reviewed the initial release of UnixWare 1.0. The June 15, 1993 PC Magazine reviewed UnixWare favorably, rating it the Editor's Choice for "Intel Unix" above Consensys V4.2, Dell Unix (RIP), Interactive, SCO Open Desktop, NeXTStep on Intel and Solaris x86. (Note that the last two were reviewed prior to release.) The review concluded ``This just may be the Unix for the masses.'' UnixWorld magazine profiled UnixWare over a two-part series in the July and August 1993 issues. UnixWorld looked at UnixWare from the traditional Unix user's point of view, predicting that ``power Unix users will dismiss UnixWare out of hand,'' but also noting the advantages of the tight integration with NetWare. The UnixWorld reviews are probably much more useful to a system administrator than an ordinary user. Byte Magazine, after a September 1992 "Is Unix dead?" cover story that looks rather silly now in retrospect, gave UnixWare (then still in beta) a friendly reception in its January 1993 issue. ``On features alone, UnixWare is one hot number: networked file, mail, printer, and application sharing; NetWare client connectivity; DOS compatibility; high-performance multitasking and virtual memory; a network-capable windowing system with scalable Adobe Type Manager fonts; two levels of hypertext help -- and these are just the highest of the high points'' opined the Byte reviewer (Tom Yager [tyager@bytepb.byte.com], Byte's Multimedia Lab). Subject: G10) Are there anonymous ftp / mail server sites with UnixWare archives? Novell has an anonymous ftp service at ftp.novell.com (137.65.4.1). UnixWare files can be found under ~ftp/pub/unixware. UnixWare binaries of handy things like the GNU development tools, perl, Seyon and GhostScript are starting to show up there. The helpful bunch at Novell Germany have set up UnixWare archives at ftp.novell.de (193.97.1.1), or accessed as devnull.novell.de if coming from the United States (much faster). The US4BINR archive contains binaries for UNIX System V Release 4 for 386/486 PCs, including UnixWare. From the US4BINR mail server: US4BINR is now available on wuarchive.wustl.edu in the /systems/svr4-pc directory. wuarchive.wustl.edu supports both anonymous FTP and NFS mount. wuarchive is the primary site for this project. The mail server is still available. For help, send mail to request@us4binr.login.qc.ca with the simple message (no special subject). begin reply your_email_adress help quit Another mailserver site for UnixWare binaries and sources is mail-server@uel.co.uk To obtain an index of the contents, send an email to that address with the following contents: begin mail send INDEX end Subject: G11) Where can I get online information on UnixWare? *** PHONE *** Quoting from UnixWare documentation: ``You can speak with a Univel representative regarding Univel product information and services Monday through Friday between 8:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Mountain Standard Time. ``Univel's main telephone numbers are: ``* U.S. and Canada: 1-800-4-UNIVEL (1-800-486-4835) * International: 801-568-8548 * Germany (European Support Center): +49-211-5277-744 (support for Europe, Middle East, and Africa) * Australia: +61-2-925-3000 * Hong Kong: +852-827-2223 * Japan: +81-3-5481-1141'' *** FAX *** You can call the 1-800-4UNIVEL number outside of their normal business hours and reach the USG FAX hot line (option 1), which enables you to have UnixWare information FAXed back to you. The FAX hot line will ask you for the document number of the information packet you'd like. You will also be given an option to receive one of four catalogs: Catalog # Description 2 Product information and beta programs 3 Reseller information 4 Developer's programs and information 5 Univel education programs The most useful of these is catalog 2, which includes a listing of some important available documents. This is probably the best bet for a first-time user. Some useful document numbers for starters are: 2000 How to use the FaxBack service 2020 UnixWare product data sheets (4 pages) 2025 Personal Edition details (excerpted from Buyer's Guide, 8 pages) 2030 Application Server details (excerpted from Buyer's Guide, 9 pages) Comments and/or suggestions regarding UnixWare can be FAXed back to USG at 408-473-8774. *** COMPUSERVE *** Novell maintains a UnixWare forum on CompuServe. If you have a CompuServe ID and wish to access this form, type: GO UNIXWARE at any CompuServe prompt. There are message sections for General Information, Product Information, Developers, DOS Merge, Installation, X Windows, Networking, Device Drivers, Printing, Communications, Applications, Bug Watchers, and Updates. If you do not have a CompuServe ID, contact CompuServe Customer Service at 800-848-8990 or 614-457-8650 for information on setting up an account. *** USENET *** If you have access to Usenet, look into the newsgroup comp.unix.unixware. This forum entertains discussions of all issues related to UnixWare. Other newsgroups possibly of interest to UnixWare users are comp.unix.sys5.r4 (for discussions relating to the System V Release 4 version of Unix, which includes Novell's UnixWare) and comp.unix.misc (for miscellaneous discussions of Unix). If you do not have access to Usenet, you have a variety of options. If you have access to a Unix system, chances are good that it may already provide Usenet access - particularly if it is at an academic or research site. If you do not have access to a Unix system, your best bet is to get an account with one of the increasing number of public-access Unix systems being set up by entrepreneurial Unix sysadmins. You can find the contact phone numbers for such systems in any one of the many books on the Internet now beginning to flood the popular press. *** MAILING LIST *** The comp.unix.unixware newsgroup is gatewayed into a mailing list for the benefit of those users with email, but not Usenet, access. I quote from Evan Leibovitch's instructions for that list: TO SUBSCRIBE/UNSUBSCRIBE/GET HELP/ETC: Send an appropriate message to any *one* of the following addresses, each of which is addressed to the list server mechanism at this site (listed in order of my preference): listproc@telly.on.ca univel-request@telly.on.ca listserv@telly.on.ca The body of your message should contain one of the following lines *AS ITS ONLY CONTENT*: subscribe univel Your_Full_Name (Not your e-mail address, the system will pick that up from the headers.) unsubscribe univel recipients univel (gets a list of subscribers) help (duh.) *** EMAIL *** Novell USG has recently set up a email box for support queries: unixware@novell.com Email sent to this address will be automatically directed to the appropriate staff members at USG, so long as the message body of the letter is constructed from a form template currently being set up. Pointers to the form template will be posted in this FAQ as soon as it is available. In the meantime, Novell USG asks: ``we ask that you be specific in your questions and that you include all pertinent information (i.e. updates installed, controllers, peripherals, RAM, Video, SoftWare used, versions, detailed problem descriptions, etc. etc.).'' Similarly, queries regarding product information can be sent to: prodinfo@novell.com Before Novell USG announced its email address for UnixWare support, a helpful group of three members of European Univel Support set up an email address to which users could send questions about UnixWare. This email alias was: univel@novell.de and will still probably generate responses. *** FTP *** Novell maintains an official UnixWare FTP site at ftp.novell.com. To access this server, you will of course need Internet access. Type ftp ftp.novell.com At the login prompt, type anonymous When it asks for a password, enter your full email address. *** WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW) *** Novell maintains a World Wide Web (WWW) server at: http://WWW.Novell.COM/ European sites may prefer to visit http://www.novell.de/ Via the WWW server at www.novell.com, you can submit product inquiries and technical support queries without having to use the email form templates. Plus, there's quite a bit of documentation there to be perused. For a UnixWare xmosaic binary to access the WWW server: ftp to ftp.novell.com and look in ~ftp/pub/xmosaic for xmosaic-unixware.tar.Z Sources are available from ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu in ~ftp/Web. Andrew Josey (andrew@uel.co.uk) advises of another location for xmosaic binaries: We have also added a pkgadd format package for mosaic including a class database and icon to allow graphical point and click startup. This is on our mail-server (mail-server@uel.co.uk). To receive it, send an email to that address with the following contents: begin mail send BINARIES/mosaic-2.0.tar end (There is also a mosaic-2.0.README that is obtained in the same fashion.) Send comments on the WWW services to `webmaster@novell.com' *** GOPHER *** A gopher server is expected soon at gopher.novell.com. Subject: G12) Where can I get a hardware compatibility list for UnixWare? Call 1-800-4-UNIVEL (1-800-486-4835; 801-568-8548 outside the US), select option 1, and you will be connected to the Univel FAX hotline. You can then follow the prompts to order a catalog of FAX titles, from which you can choose the particular item you need. Be aware that the complete UnixWare compatibility guide now exceeds 80 pages and is split into several sections. These are listed below, along with their FAX hotline document number (the size of the document in pages is printed in parentheses): Introduction 2041 Video Adapters (13) 2035 Computer Systems (14) 2042 Multivideo Adapters 2036 Host Adapters (7) 2043 Terminal Servers (1) 2037 Network Adapters (8) 2044 X Terminals (4) 2038 Tape Drives (5) 2045 Pointing Devices (2) 2039 Mass Storage Devices (8) 2046 Printing Solutions (2) 2040 Multiport Adapters (13) 2047 Hardware Vendors Contact List (4) As noted earlier, Eric Raymond periodically posts in the Usenet group comp.unix.pc-clone.32bit a guide to hardware compatibility for Unix versions that run on Intel-based hardware. While not specifically devoted to UnixWare, it is handy for discussions of the difficulties that may be encountered in installing Unix on PC hardware. Subject: G13) Where can I find a driver for [accelerated graphics card]? Try ftp'ing to ftp.novell.de, and look in the /pub/unixware/X directory. Check the README file there for a listing of currently available drivers. Subject: G14) I have release 1.0; how do I get my release 1.1 upgrade? Novell is providing a free upgrade to release 1.1 to all owners of the release 1.0 product. The new release is expected to be available by the end of January 1994. To upgrade, UnixWare customers need to call one of the following phone numbers and be prepared to provide their rev. 1.0 product serial numbers or proof of purchase. Location Voice FAX ======================================================== Austria 0660-8443 0660-8125 Belgium 078-111062 078-111061 Canada 317-364-7276 317-364-0787 Denmark 800-10930 800-10545 France 05-905995 05-905995 Germany 0130-812444 0130-812443 Italy 1678-8388 1678-78398 Norway 050-11310 050-11309 Spain 900-993170 900-993169 Sweden 020-795736 020-795735 Switz. 155-1846 155-1847 UK 0800-960274 0800-960273 US 800-457-1767 317-364-0787 All Others +31-55-434472 +31-55-434435 Subject: G15) What has been upgraded in release 1.1? Evan Leibovitch (evan@telly.on.ca) quotes from the December 1993 Novell International Bulletin the following features and benefits of release 1.1: * Improved quality and performance across the entire family of UnixWare products; * Additional support for European languages. Along with existing support for English and Japanese, UnixWare 1.1 will be available in native versions of French, Italian, German and Spanish by the second quarter of fiscal year 1994. * Additional support for popular low-cost PC hardware. * Aggressively priced and feature-rich Software Development Kit (SDK). This new SDK will be very popular with ISVs and corporate developers. The new SDK offers the complete set of UnixWare development tools for a suggested retail price of US $99. The Software Development Kit now includes the following packages which used to be separate options: - Motif Development Tools - Driver Development Tools - Personal Utilities * Bundled TCP/IP in Personal Edition * Motif 1.2 and Motif wksh for greater COSE compilance * NetWare 4.X support for file and print services * Support for third-party compilers USER Subject: U1) Are there any books I can read/purchase about UnixWare? A good starting place is the UNIX Press UNIX SVR4.2 documentation set: - User's Series - Title ISBN # Guide to the Unix Desktop 1-56205-114-8 User's Guide 0-13-017708-3 Two books on Unix System V that have received good reviews are The Waite Group's UNIX System V Primer Mitchell Waite, Don Martin, and Stephen Prata Sams 1992 ISBN: 0-672-30194-6 Unix System V Release 4, An Introduction Kenneth Rosen, Richard Rosinski, and James Farber McGraw-Hill ISBN: 0-07-881552-5 For users new to Unix, "The Rookie's Guide to UnixWare" from Novell Press presents a simplified introduction to the operating system and its user interface. It covers that basics: logging in, opening, closing, creating and deleting files and folders, customizing the desktop etc. The book's baseball theme (UnixWare is presented as "A Major League Operating System") is clearly intended to make the treatment more palatable to computerphobes. Salty old Unix veterans, on the other hand, will likely find the book embarrassingly childish in tone. The Rookie's Guide to UnixWare Susan Adams, Colleene Isaacs, and Marcus Kaufman Novell Press, 1993 ISBN: 0-7821-1376-1 And, of course, for the true neophyte or general Uniphobe, there's: UNIX for the Impatient Paul W. Abrahams and Bruce A. Larson Addison-Wesley ISBN: 0-201-55703-7 UNIX for Dummies John R. Levine & Margaret Levine Young IDG Books, 1993 ISBN: 1-878058-58-4 Subject: U2) Can I run DOS/Windows programs under UnixWare? Yes. UnixWare comes with the capability to run DOS programs via Locus Merge and a limited version of Novell's DR-DOS 6.0 (provided). DOS version 5.0 may also be installed in place of DR-DOS 6.0, although users must provide their own copy. DOS version 6.x is currently not compatible with Merge; the next release of Merge is projected to support DOS 6.x. Purchasers of the Personal Edition are entitled to the Windows Merge software, but may need to request their copy from: By Phone: By FAX: By Mail: US: 800-892-4650 303-294-0939 Univel Fulfillment Center Int'l: 303-297-8372 (US & Int'l) P.O. Box 5205 Denver, CO 80217-9259 Microsoft Windows is _not_ included in any UnixWare Edition; you must supply your own. The current version of Merge does not support running Microsoft Windows in 386 enhanced mode. This includes, among others: - Borland's Quattro Pro - Microsoft Access - WordPerfect for Windows 6.0 Locus plans to support enhanced mode Windows in a future version; no release date is known at present. Subject: U3) Can DOS NetWare users log in to a UnixWare box via IPX? Yes. Dave W. of Novell explains the NetWare Virtual Terminal: [NVT] is a method for a DOS user to communicate via IPX to a UnixWare machine. You load a TSR on the dos box that redirects int14 or int6b (serial communications) over an NVT protocol to the UnixWare machine who establishes a login session. With the TSR loaded, you run a terminal emulator that uses the standard bios interrupts (rather than going straight to the hardware) and you've got a connection. There are some terminal packages that support NVT directly (without the TSR) For example: Rational Data Systems - PopTerm. Subject: U4) Are there CD-ROM of freeware binaries precompiled for UnixWare? Yes. Look into the LEMIS Free Software CD-ROM for Unix System V 4.2, which includes "utility and development software, graphics demonstrations and X-based games. All binaries are packaged in the standard pkgadd format..." LEMIS Lehey Microcomputer Systems Schellnhausen 2 36325 Feldatal Germany +49-6637-1488 +49-6637-1489 FAX Mail: lemis@lemis.de Greg (Lehey) notes: "Please don't send orders via email - we need paper." The Prime Time Freeware software development kit for UnixWare also includes some oft-used non-development utilities such as Emacs, TeX and GhostScript. Prime Time SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1 ISBN 1-88 1957-12-8 Steve Zwaska, Editor Prime Time Freeware 370 Altair Way, #150 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 +1 408 433 9662 Voice +1 408 433 0727 FAX ptf@cfcl.com I have not yet seen a UnixWare CD-ROM from Ready-to-Run Software, a leading supplier of precompiled Unix freeware, but I suspect one is not long in coming. Contact them at: Ready-to-Run Software, Inc. Rustic Trail Groton, MA 01450 (508) 448-3959 (508) 448-2989 FAX info@rtr.com In Europe, Ready-to-Run products are available through: User Interface Technologies P.O. Box 145 Cambridge, CB4 1GQ England +44 223 302 041 +44 223 302 042 info@uit.co.uk Subject: U5) Why can't I type in an "at sign" (@) at a command prompt? This is because, incredible though it may seem, UnixWare ships with the same terminal configuration tailored twenty-odd years ago for ASR-33 teletypes. '@' is thus the line-kill character. Try putting the following line in your .profile (Bourne shell or Korn shell users) or .cshrc (C shell users) file in your home directory: stty erase '^H' kill '^U' intr '^C' (Type these in just as you seem them; there's no need to try and enter the actual control characters, and many reasons not to anyway.) If you remotely log in to your UnixWare box from another system that places a "Delete" key at the upper right corner of the main keypad, you will have to execute the command stty erase '^?' to inform the shell that your current keyboard is slightly different. Otherwise, you may end up seeing things like "la^Hs: Command not found". Subject: U6) How can I access the standard UNIX `man' pages from the command line? Include the following in your shell startup files: .profile (/usr/bin/sh or /usr/bin/ksh): MANPATH=/usr/flib/books/man export MANPATH PATH=$PATH:/usr/ucb .cshrc (/usr/bin/csh): setenv MANPATH /usr/flib/books/man set path=($path /usr/ucb) Alternately, talk to your SysAdmin about setting up the symbolic links for the man pages described in the next section. SYSADMIN Subject: S1) What books on UnixWare system administration might I read/purchase? Well, let's start with the UNIX Press books: - Administration Series - Title ISBN # Basic System Administration 0-13-042573-7 Advanced System Administration 0-13-042565-6 Network Administration 0-13-017633-8 PC-Interface Administration 0-13-066820-6 Audit Trail Administration 0-13-066887-7 Mick Galvin (mick@ddiq.com) adds: ``As I think one of the points of Unixware is the integration of Netware with Unix I would highly recommend "Novell's Guide to Integrating UNIX and NetWare Networks" by James E. Gaskin, published by Novell PRESS. This is a *very* current book (1993) and amongst other things offers thoughts on topics like why netware for unix is not available on UnixWare (even though the Univel fax back server suggests it is!) It is sprinkled with humour.'' Novell's Guide to Integrating UNIX and NetWare Networks James E. Gaskin, Novell Press, 1993 ISBN: 0-7821-1129-7 A must for Unix sysadmins is: UNIX Power Tools Jerry Peek, Tim O'Reilly, and Mike Loukides O'Reilly and Associates/Bantam 1993 ISBN 0-553-35402-7 This book combines 1000+ pages of text-mode Unix advice with a CD-ROM of precompiled binaries for various popular UNIX platforms (including SCO, which should run on UnixWare) of a large variety of useful text-mode applications. Subject: S2) How can I change my system's name? From the command line, you can use the setuname utility: setuname -n You can also use sysadm (either invoking it as such from the command line, or from the UnixWare desktop as System_Setup->Extra_Admin). Select system_setup->nodename->set->Network node name and change the name found there. You will also need to change the hostname entries in the following files if you have networking installed: /etc/net/ticlts/hosts /etc/net/ticots/hosts /etc/net/ticotsord/hosts These files deal with the loopback transport mechanism; each typically consists of a single line of the form "". You should change both instances of the host name. And don't forget: /etc/hosts /etc/uucp/Systems.tcp DON'T listen to those who recommend you use "uname -S ", by the way. This sets not only the node name (which is what you want to change) but the "system" name (which is initialized to UNIX_SV and should remain that way) as well. The latter is almost certainly not necessary. Subject: S3) What traditional Unix utilities have been left out of the UnixWare PE? A common complaint among long-time Unix users is the omission of numerous standard Unix utilities from the Personal Edition. While ordinary users might not typically use these commands, shell scripts do, and thus Univel may have - if inadvertently - introduced yet another Unix version incompatibility into the already-too-large mix. Among the items lacking in the Personal edition are: the C and Korn shells (the Windowing Korn Shell [wksh] _is_ included, however), banner, calendar, head, join and dc. These commands _are_ available, however, in the Advanced Utilities module (an add-on optional package). Oh, and of course TCP/IP has been left out of the release 1.0 Personal Edition, too, but will be bundled with 1.1. (NFS, however, is NOT bundled.) Subject: S4) Does UnixWare come with TCP/IP and/or NFS? The Release 1.0 Personal Edition does not include TCP/IP or NFS in the basic system. A TCP/IP+NFS package is available from Univel; a similar offer, plus a TCP/IP-only option, is available from Information Foundation. Release 1.1 _will_ include TCP/IP in the Personal Edition, but _not_ NFS. NFS remains an extra-cost option. TCP/IP and NFS are bundled with the UnixWare Application Server in both release 1.0 and 1.1. Subject: S5) Will UnixWare 1.1 have TCP/IP bundled with the Personal Edition? Yes. Subject: S6) Can I replace the stock UnixWare X server with something faster? Yes. Several vendors sell X servers which can be used to speed up X on your UnixWare system. Typically, these vendors will also sell you drivers for specific cards as well. A partial list of such vendors follows: Quarterdeck Office Systems' Hyper-X (formerly sold as Pittsburgh Power Computing's Hyper-X) 150 Pico Boulevard Santa Monica, CA 90405 (310) 392-9851 (310) 314-4219 FAX hyperx@qdeck.com info@qdeck.com Call 800-354-3222 Extension 8G8 for special introductory offer Hyper-X should also be available through conventional distribution channels, eg dealers selling other Quarterdeck products (QEMM, Desqview) Metrolink Metro-X 2213 W. McNab Road Pompano Beach, FL 33069 (305) 970-7353 (305) 970-7351 FAX sales@metrolink.com Snitily Graphics Consulting Service (renamed/acquired-by X/Inside?) 894 Brookgrove Lane Cupertino, CA 95014 (408) 255-9665 (800) 645-5501 (408) 255-9740 info@sgcs.com or ...!mips!zok!info There is also XFree86. From David Wexelblat's 31 Oct 1993 announcement of the release of XFree86 2.0: XFree86 is a port of X11R5 that supports several versions of Intel-based Unix and Unix-like operating systems. The XFree86 servers are derived from X386 1.2, which was the X server distributed with X11R5. This release consists of many new features and performance improvements as well as many bug fixes. The release is available as source patches against the MIT X11R5 code, as well as binary distributions for many architectures. Source patches based on X11R5 PL25, from MIT, and as an upgrade from XFree86 1.3 are available via anonymous FTP from: ftp.x.org (under /contrib/XFree86) ftp.physics.su.oz.au (under /XFree86) ftp.win.tue.nl (under /pub/XFree86) ftp.prz.tu-berlin.de (under /pub/pc/src/XFree86) Binaries are available via anonymous FTP from: ftp.physics.su.oz.au - SVR4 binaries under /XFree86/SVR4 ftp.win.tue.nl - SVR4 binaries under /pub/XFree86/SVR4 ftp.tcp.com - SVR4 binaries under /pub/SVR4/XFree86 stasi.bradley.edu - SVR4 binaries under /pub/XFree86/SVR4 The next release of the Prime Time Freeware CD-ROM will include XFree86 2.0 in pkgadd format. Contact: Prime Time Freeware 370 Altair Way, #150 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 +1 408 433 9662 Voice +1 408 433 0727 FAX ptf@cfcl.com If you have access to Usenet news, see the newsgroup comp.windows.x.i386unix for ongoing discussions of XFree86 and other Intel/Unix/X solutions. Subject: S7) Why can't I access the CD-ROM drive after I've just installed from it? Bill Rosenblatt writes: This is a known bug that is supposed to be corrected for release 1.1. There's a relatively simple workaround: 1. Shut down your machine. 2. Open the machine and remove the SCSI adapter card. 3. Leave the cover off and reboot. The system will print an error message, but it will come up. 4. Shut down again. 5. Replace the SCSI card and put the cover back on the machine. 6. Reboot again. The system will rebuild the kernel, which will take a few minutes. Then it will tell you to reboot. Do so. 7. When the system comes up again, the CD-ROM should be accessible. Another method I received from UnixWare tech support proceeds as follows: When the CD-ROM driver seemingly drops out of sight in UnixWare, one cannot read from a CD, nor can one mount a cdfs file system. To correct this, first determine the proper name of your CD-ROM device driver. Change directory to /dev/cdrom and do an ls. There will be a driver file there in the form "cxtxlx" where the x's are SCSI controller number, tag numberm and logical unit number respectively. (e.g. the driver will be something like "c0t4l0" or c0t3l1") Write this name down! Next, it is necessary to create a "raw device." Change directory to /dev and "mkdir rcdrom" to create a directory called /dev/rcdrom. Then change to this new directory and make nodes for a CD based on the name found in /dev/cdrom. mknod c0t4l0 c 0 0 mknod cdrom1 c 0 0 These commands in succession are "make node see-zero-zero" and "make node cdrom1 see-zero-zero." Note that the next-to-last character in the device driver name is an "ell" not a "one." While still in the /dev/rcdrom directory, make the whole directory readable, writable, and executable to everyone. chmod 0777 . chmod 0777 * and everything should be fine. You can check by clicking on the "Disks Etc." icon to see if the CD-ROM icon is there. Subject: S8) Why does my data comm package lose characters constantly at high speeds? Bill Rosenblatt again: The odds are good that the problem is with the UART on your serial interface card. If you have a relatively low-end PC, you probably have an old-style UART that interrupts the CPU after it receives every character. Unix usually handles serial interrupts at a low level (lower than DOS does, for example), so it can't keep up if the speed is too high, usually above 9600bps. To fix this, you need to get a new UART, a 16550 UART that has a 16-byte buffer. The 16540 UART, with a 2-byte buffer, may also be enough of an improvement. If your UART isn't in a socket, then you will have to replace the entire card. Luckily, these are not very expensive--about $40 for a single-port card or $70 for a standard PC multi-port card. Additionally, you need a device driver that knows how to take advantage of the UART's buffering. UnixWare has such a device driver (asyhp), but the current version is known to be flaky. Novell should have a fix for this available on ftp.novell.com before 1.1 comes out. In any case, here's what you need to do to enable the driver, courtesy of Joao Costa (jcosta@quimic.pt): Just go to /etc/conf/sdevice.d, edit asyhp and turn N to Y for the ports you want, then edit asyc and turn Y to N on those ports. Rebuild the kernel and, when the new kernel boots, you'll have a status message about your 16550 ports. Subject: S9) How can I make or get an emergency boot floppy? Rick Richardson of DigiBoard (rick@digibd.com) spells out what the EBF is: What is it? An emergency boot floppy (EBF) allows you to boot UnixWare off a floppy disk, with a minimal set of commands available to you. If possible, the EBF will mount the hard disk partition and let you recover any data that may be on the partition, or fix important files (such as /etc/passwd) that you might have lost or corrupted. An EBF avoids the tedious procedure of having to reload Unix in these cases. Every System Administrator should have an EBF in their possession. An "anonymous" poster from Novell recently broke the good news that many have been waiting for: ...you can now generate your own Emergency Boot Floppy (ebf) for UnixWare 1.0. There is an ebf update available on ftp.novell.com (and on CompuServe). The file is ebf.tar and is located in /pub/unixware/Updates. This package DOES NOT create an ebf, but installs a utility to do so. Get ebf.tar, and as usual untar it. chmod the .run file to be executable and then execute it to install the package. Once the package is installed, execute the command /usr/sbin/emergency_disk diskette1 (or diskette2). This ought to do it. Subject: S10) How do I set a dialup password on UnixWare for a specific port? Andrew Josey of Unix Systems Labs Europe (a.josey@uel.co.uk) provides the following guide: Two files must be created in the /etc directory, and for ease of use you can add a user (say called dialup). (1) /etc/d_passwd ------------------ This is the dialup password file. # ls -l /etc/d_passwd -rw------- 1 root root 70 May 13 07:44 /etc/d_passwd # This contains entries for login shells (uucico,ksh and sh). Usually there is no additional password for uucico. Interactive logins (ksh, and sh) have passwords. The encrypted password must be put in the file, note spaces and position of the colon delimiters are critical. # cat /etc/d_passwd /usr/lib/uucp/uucico:: /usr/bin/ksh:66NOJGfJw4I.A: /usr/bin/sh:66NOJGfJw4I.A: # (2) /etc/dialups ----------------- The second file /etc/dialups dictates which devices are to have the dialup password prompt # cat /etc/dialups /dev/tty00 /dev/tty01h (3) Setting the password ------------------------ To set the password, I have a login entry for a user dialup (this just executes date as the login shell). Thus on the day to change the password i) # passwd dialup New password: Re-enter new password: # ii) # grep dialup /etc/shadow|cut -f2 -d":" >>/etc/d_passwd This appends the new dialup onto the end of the d_passwd file. iii) Edit the file with vi to place the new encrypted password in the appropriate fields marked XXXX below: /usr/lib/uucp/uucico:: /usr/bin/ksh:XXXX: /usr/bin/sh:XXXX: Subject: S11) How do I configure electronic mail on UnixWare? From another machine that is already properly connected for email, send a message to Andrew Josey's mail server at USL Europe to receive some hints: mail-server@uel.co.uk The message body should be: begin reply send HINTS/MAIL/README end where, of course, you have substituted your actual email address for "". Subject: S12) How many updates are there, what are they, and where do I get them? As of this posting, there are eight (8) updates, not all of which will you typically need. These updates are to be applied to version 1.0 only; all changes have been merged into version 1.1. The updates are (listed by their file names on the UnixWare ftp archive server): updte1.tar - First UnixWare update updte2.tar - Update 1.0.2 updte3.tar - Update 1.0.3 upbnu4.tar - Basic Networking Utilities (uucp, serial comm, ttymon) Update 4 mipx.tar - Newer, faster Merge IPX; must have Advanced Merge installed mhs.tar - Fixes to MHS mail services; replaces earlier mhs.tar versions atmtp.tar - NFS automounter update 1.0.4 nsupdt.tar - NetWare API Library update 1.0.4, fixes NetWare automounter The first four of these are those of greatest interest to Usenet readers. Note that all of updte1/updte2/updte3 need not be installed; Update 1.0.3 includes effectively replaces, and adds to, Update 1.0.3. Thus UnixWare sysadmins can simply install Update 1.0.3 after the first update is installed, and leave out Update 1.0.2 altogether. All of these are available from the UnixWare ftp archive server: ftp.novell.com:~ftp/pub/unixware/Updates They are also available on ftp.novell.de. Andrew Josey (andrew@uel.co.uk) adds: ``and also from our automated mail server which carries binaries/sources etc for UnixWare and also mirrors the ftp sites. To get a list of Updates from our mail server: mail mail-server@uel.co.uk with a msg containing: begin reply index Updates end Use send with a filename to request a file. Note that the requests are case sensitive, for example to get the latest BNU fix: send MIRRORS/ftp.novell.com/pub/unixware/Updates/updbnu4.tar Subject: S13) How do I know which updates I've already got installed? Don't laugh; some of us have systems whose vendors installed UnixWare (including the FAQ maintainer :-). Updates will show up as installed packages; from the UnixWare desktop, double click: System_Setup->Application_Setup Be patient while the installed applications are cataloged. When you get the browser showing installed packages, you will be able to see the installed updates. If you are the impatient sort, Andrew Josey (andrew@uel.co.uk) suggests: I cancel the cataloging, and then hit View Installed Appl'ns All Which is usually quicker... and ok when you know you've not reinstalled anything new recently. Subject: S14) How can I make the `man' pages accessible from the command line? The following symbolic links will enable users to access the standard UNIX man pages without further action on their part: ln -s /usr/flib/books/man /usr/share/man ln -s /usr/flib/bin/fman /usr/bin/man Subject: S15) Are there disk compression utilties for UnixWare? Programmed Logic sells such a drop-in replacement compressed file system that, among other things, can be installed as the root partition and can be NFS-exported. Programmed Logic claims that it can double a file system's capacity. For information on the Desktop File System (DTFS), contact: Programmed Logic Corp. 200 Cottontail Lane Somerset, NJ 08873 (908) 302-0090 Voice (908) 302-1903 FAX Email: info@prologic.com (For product inquiries) sales@prologic.com (For order placement) support@prologic.com (technical support for registered users) Subject: S16) How do I install a package downloaded from one of the ftp servers? Rick Richardson (rick@digibd.com) explains: You can untar the stuff anywhere convenient, say, under /tmp, and then: pkgadd -d /tmp The pkgname is optional. Note that the -d flag assumes that if the argument begins with a '/', then its a package in filesystem format. Otherwise, its a magic cookie (e.g. diskette1) to pick a storage device. I.E., this won't work: cd /tmp; pkgadd -d . Subject: S17) How can I speed up the loading of Windows programs from floppies? If you find yourself loading a Windows program more than once, for whatever reason, you might appreciate Rick Richardson's "Handy trick #1427": Use the file manager to copy each installation floppy to d:\diskN where N is the disk number. Then, you can try to install a program as many times as you want without waiting for floppies. Just run D:\DISK1\SETUP from the file manager. At least with Word, setup seems to understand that the files aren't coming from floppies and will just proceed to install everything it needs from d:\disk1, d:\disk2, etc. without further prompting. Discovered purely by accident - I had the disks in d:\w1, d:\w2, etc. and after setup finished with w1, it said it couldn't find d:\disk2\somefile. Aha I say! (FAQ maintainer's observation: I believe this is how some Windows software is organized on CD-ROMs for installation - that might be why the Windows setup program understands it.) Subject: S18) Why has fingertip librarian suddenly stopped working? An authorization code file for flib inexplicably carried an expiration date of 12/31/93. There is a trivial fix for this: $ mv /usr/flib/authorization /usr/flib/authorization.old flib should now work again. DEVELOPER Subject: D1) What books on UnixWare programming might I read/purchase? First, the UNIX Press volumes: Title ISBN # - Programming Series - UNIX Software Development Tools 0-13-017690-7 Programming in Standard C 0-13-017666-4 Programming with UNIX System Calls 0-13-017674-5 Character User Interface Programming 0-13-042581-8 Graphical User Interface Programming 0-13-042698-9 Network Programming Interfaces 0-13-017641-9 Device Driver Programming 0-13-042623-7 STREAMS Modules and Drivers 0-13-066879-6 Portable Device Interface 0-13-066838-9 - Reference Series - Command Reference (a-l) 0-13-042699-0 Command Reference (m-z) 0-13-042607-5 Operating System API Reference 0-13-017658-3 Windowing System Reference 0-13-017716-4 System Files and Devices Reference 0-13-017682-6 Device Driver Reference 0-13-042631-8 No UNIX programmer should be caught without the Stevens' books: Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment W. Richard Stevens Addison-Wesley, 1992 ISBN 0-201-56317-7 UNIX Network Programming W. Richard Stevens Prentice Hall, 1990 ISBN 0-13-949876-1 Donald Lewine's POSIX programming guide is also indispensable as a reference for "which standard defines what API?" kind of questions: POSIX Programmer's Guide Donald Lewine O'Reilly and Associates, Inc. ISBN 0-937175-73-0 Subject: D2) Are there alternatives for programmers to the UnixWare SDK? Programmers on tight budgets might consider the Prime Time Freeware SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1, a "complete, stand-along development system" for UnixWare and similar Intel SVR4.2 Unix systems. This is a Rock Ridge CD-ROM containing all the major GNU development tools (gcc, gdb, &c), X, InterViews, Tk and "much much more", plus a 100+ page user's guide. Univel provided Prime Time with the necessary #include files and static C libraries to make this product a usable standalone system. Prime Time SDK for Intel SVR4.2, Issue 1-1 ISBN 1-88 1957-12-8 Steve Zwaska, Editor Prime Time Freeware 370 Altair Way, #150 Sunnyvale, CA 94086 +1 408 433 9662 Voice +1 408 433 0727 FAX ptf@cfcl.com Subject: D3) I installed the Prime Time SDK, and now I can't log in?! Some permissions were not set properly by the SDK install. The fix is to su to root and: chmod -R go+rx /usr/include chmod -R go+rx /usr/lib There is a sticker on the CD-ROM envelope informing users of this need, but it seems to have been accidentally left off of some early shipments. Steve Zwaska (stz@netcom.com) notes of these trials and tribulations: We have fixed all of the script problems for version 2-1 (mid-January release) and have added a bunch of stuff (YEA XFree86-2.0 is on there in pkgadd format!) There is a FTP site for the corrected Install scripts and make_links at ftp.netcom.com - pub/ptsdk/movers.uu Subject: D4) Will UnixWare version 1.1 bundle Motif? Yes. Motif 1.2 runtime libraries and the Motif Window Manager are included in UnixWare 1.1. Subject: D5) How do I avoid problems programming with the UCB compatibility libraries? There are two problems that are typically encountered when compiling/linking code that uses Berklisms: - Undefined symbols at link time - Incompatibilities between the SysV header files and the UCB libraries C code using Berklisms such as index/rindex will generate "undefined symbol" messages for each of the BSD-specific functions. To get around this, you have one of two options: a) Compile with the "UCB" compiler (/usr/ucb/cc). This is actually a shell script wrapper around the standard C compiler (/usr/ccs/bin/cc) that sets up the necessary #include and library paths. This is the path to take if you want a more "pure" BSD environment for your development. b) If you want a SysV environment, but need to link in some functions only available in the BSD library (eg, you'll replace gethostname() with uname() later), simply link in the UCB libraries _after_ the standard (SysV) libraries. For example: cc -o foo foo.c -lc -L /usr/ucblib -lucb Note the order of the library specifications, and that "-lc" should precede the UCB library specification to resolve all possible synonyms against the SysV library, rather than the BSD library. Be careful exercising option (b), however. Merely linking against the UCB library, without the preceding "-lc", will cause code to be compiled against the SysV #include files (located in /usr/include) and then linked against the UCB libraries: cc -o foo foo.c -L /usr/ucblib -lucb # Don't do this (Note that an implicit "-lc" is appended to the command line.) Differences in such things as structure sizes between the SysV #includes and the UCB libraries can wreak all kinds of havoc - as your friendly FAQ maintainer discovered in just this fashion when trying to use setjmp in a source module that also called some UCB functions. One way to get around this is to insert a "-I /usr/ucbinclude" directive into the command line, but this is essentially the effect of using /usr/ucb/cc. On this general topic, I'll include some notes from the net. Gordon W. Ross observes: I just wanted to mention here that most people I have helped with porting problems related to the dirent or directory libraries have caused their own problems by incorrectly using the UCB library. The directory(3) routines in the UCB library only work with the header files in /usr/ucbinclude so if you fail to put that in your include path and just link with -lucb you end up with seriously broken programs. The stuff in /usr/ucbinclude/ and /usr/ucblib/ was meant to be used by /usr/ucb/cc only, and when used that way it (mostly) works. I have usually found it easiest to just stay away from the UCB library entirely. I would advise others to do the same. (The UCB library has well known problems in signal and some dbm functions.) Robert Withrow (witr@rwwa.com) adds: In addition, checking the following things will almost always yield a working port for any reasonably ``well behaved program'': 1 Replace bcopy et.al with the apropriate memcpy functions... #define bcopy(b1,b2,len) memmove((b2), (b1), (size_t)(len)) #define bzero(b,len) memset((b), 0, (size_t)(len)) #define bcmp(b1,b2,len) memcmp((b1), (b2), (size_t)(len)) 2 Replace index and rindex approprately: #define index(a,b) strchr((a),(b)) #define rindex(a,b) strrchr((a),(b)) 3 Don't use the SVR4 library's signal() routine, [use sigaction instead ...] /* Reliable signals */ /* This was taken from Stevens... */ #include typedef void Sigfunc(int); Sigfunc *signal(int signo, Sigfunc *func) { struct sigaction act, oact; act.sa_handler = func; sigemptyset(&act.sa_mask); act.sa_flags = 0; if (signo != SIGALRM) { act.sa_flags |= SA_RESTART; } if (sigaction(signo, &act, &oact) < 0) return(SIG_ERR); return(oact.sa_handler); } 4 Replace random with lrand #define random() lrand48() #define srandom(seed) srand48((seed)) 5 Replace the bsd readdir code with the Posix code (requires changing an include file and a declaration usually, but also perhaps a symbol with a strlen.) 6 Replace wait3 and wait4 with posix wait code. This is complicated because some code *writes* into the values that posix only provides read access to. Lest all this seem too dreadfully complicated, Rick Richardson (rick@digibd.com) shrugs: Its much easier to port stuff than most people think. I've found that 99.99% of applications with BSDisms can be ported by simply compiling normally, but linking with -lc -lucb. This resolves the SVR4 C library first, avoiding problems with dirent and the like, but also lets you pick up any BSD-isms like random(), index(), etc. Really, its painless. Subject: D6) Where can I get Emacs? John Angelo Gnassi (jgnassi@hstbme.mit.edu) answers your prayers: ``If you live and die by Emacs, trying to get a new system up without it is torture. You don't have to. There is a version, 18.59.5, in binary format ready for anonymous ftp from ftp.novell.com:/pub/unixware/developer/emacs.UWbin.tar.Z. A pristine 19.19 will not compile directly with the standard tools (preprocessor and other problems), but more than a half dozen people have told me they had no problems compiling it with gcc.'' The Prime Time SDK CD-ROM mentioned earlier also contains Emacs. Subject: D7) How can I compile X clients without a complete X11 source tree? Pat Campbell of Novell USG writes: To compile most if not all X clients WITHOUT a complete X tree use: imake -I/usr/X/lib/config -DUseInstalled ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Not necessary if you have set IMAKEINCLUDE environment variable. The "-DUseInstalled" directs imake to use the installed include and library files. Special note for motif applications: You will need three more libraries, -lXm -lXIM -lgen, during the link stage. I prepend them to the following variables within the Imakefile like this. LOCAL_LIBRARIES = -lXm -lXIM [ whatever was already here ] SYS_LIBRARIES = -lgen [ whatever was already here ] This is a working solution, not necessarily the correct/elegant solution :-) Subject: D8) I've now got 1.1. Where's my SDK? The UnixWare software development kit (SDK) ships separately from the base UnixWare operating system. Subject: D9) I've now got the 1.1 SDK. Where's xab? xab (X Application Builder) has been removed from the SDK distribution as of release 1.1. It is still available from ISC, however. --- Trademarks Unix is a registered trademark, licensed exclusively by X/Open Co., Ltd. Novell, NetWare and UnixWare are trademarks of Novell, Inc. Windows will probably become a trademark of Microsoft Corp. after all. -- Jim Vlcek Elements of the information superhighway: uunet!molly!vlcek UNIX: the concrete molly!vlcek@uunet.uu.net TCP/IP: the road signs Beautiful downtown St. Paul Windows: the fast-food joints