Hawk moths are among the most magnificent and spectacular of all moths.
Their streamlined wings and bodies are perfectly adapted for rapid
flight. They are the only moths capable of hovering, which enables them to use their long tongues to sip nectar from deep flowers, such as orchids.
The courtship behaviour of hawk moths is as complex as any in the
animal kingdom, involving aphrodisiac pheromones, love songs and
aerobatic flights. At least, that is the common perception, as exemplified
by the cream-lined hawk moth from south-east Asia. However, many hawk moths,
such as the ocellate hawk moth, also from south-east Asia, are not like this. Instead, they have stubby bodies, broader wings and fly
clumsily. They have no tongues, do not feed as adults, and show little courtship behaviour. In these respects, they closely resemble their relatives, the
silkmoths, emperor moths and monkey moths.
This research programme is exploring the structure and function
of the diverse elements that combine to make the typical hawk moths
such a successful group. Their evolutionary relationships and origins
from apparently less illustrious forebears are being investigated
using phylogenetic analysis of a variety of data sources, including
morphology and DNA. Information on patterns of hawk moth diversity is being used to assess priorities in conservation. They are important components of many
ecosystems, particularly in tropical countries, where their large size and
impressive appearance frequently bring them to the attention of the general
public. Hawk moths can be rapidly surveyed and identified and are thus well placed to act in the role of a flagship group for
conservation.
Illustrations
This project is part of the Systematics and Evolution Research Theme.
For further information contact:
Dr Ian J Kitching
The Natural History Museum
Cromwell Road
London SW7 5BD UK
Tel: +44 (0) 171 938 9342 Fax: +44 (0) 171 938 8937/9395
Email: ijk@nhm.ac.uk
