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MCS® 51 Microcontroller Overview

Intel's 8-bit MCS® 51 microcontroller family consists of CHMOS versions of the original 8-bit microcontrollers. The MCS 51 microcontroller architecture is optimized for control-oriented applications. A variety of fast addressing modes for accessing the internal RAM facilitates byte processing and numerical operations on small data structures. The instruction set provides a convenient menu of 8-bit arithmetic instructions, including multiply and divide instructions. Extensive on-chip support is provided for 1-bit variables as a separate data type, allowing direct bit manipulation and testing in control and logic systems that require Boolean processing.

Intel offers a wide variety of MCS 51 controllers with different levels of on-chip peripherals and memory. The MCS 51 microcontroller family includes versions with on-chip EPROM, One-Time Programmable (OTP) and ROM memory, as well as CPU-only microcontrollers. Intel's proven CHMOS technology provides lower power, higher integration and higher performance in this line of controllers.

FEATURES BENEFITS
8-bit CPU optimized for event control Efficient. Event control design
Boolean processing Ease. Simple bit manipulation
Flexibility. Enables single-chip designs
On-chip peripherals (timer/counters, serial ports, I/O ports, PCA, etc.) Integration. High integration enables low-cost and low-chip count designs
Extensive software and hardware programming support Easy to use. Simplifies your design cycle

Classic Family

Intel's 8-bit MCS 51 family of microcontrollers is a leading choice for embedded control. This Classic family consists of CHMOS versions of all the original 8-bit microcontrollers that introduced the MCS 51 microcontroller family. Intel offers a wide variety of on-board memory in EPROM and ROM, as well as CPU-only microcontrollers. Intel's proven CHMOS technology provides lower power, higher integration and higher performance.

High Speed Family

The MCS 51 high speed microcontrollers provide the current MCS 51 microcontroller product lines with increased frequency performances of up to 24 MHz and 33 MHz. For most MCS 51 customer designs that run at 12 MHz or 16 MHz today, performance can now be doubled with the new 24 MHz and 33 MHz versions. They are code and pin compatible with existing MCS 51 microcontrollers and therefore allow easy upgrade paths to all MCS 51 microcontroller applications that require a faster running part. The MCS 51 high speed microcontrollers bring you all the benefits you would expect from the original innovator of the MCS 51 microcontroller family.

The Intel MCS 51 high speed microcontrollers are based on the MCS 51 microcontroller architecture. They are code and pin compatible with the existing MCS 51 microcontrollers and therefore are direct "drop-in" replacements to existing MCS 51 microcontroller applications.

Low-Voltage Family

The 8XL5X and 8XL51FX are redesigned 3V versions of the MCS 51 microcontroller family. Operating Vcc ranges from 2.7V to 3.6V, and maximum frequency of 20 MHz, provide both low-voltage and high-performance benefits. They provide a compatible and ideal low-voltage migration path for customers who want to design low-power versions of their embedded designs.

Expanded RAM Family

The Intel 8xC51RA/RB/RC belong to the new Expanded RAM microcontroller series based on the MCS 51 microcontroller architecture. The 8xC51RA/RB/RC are code and pin compatible with the existing MCS 51 microcontrollers and therefore are direct `drop-in' replacements to existing MCS 51 microcontroller applications. These products are functionally compatible with the Intel 8xC52/54/58, except for the additional 256 Bytes of on-chip data RAM and hardwired WDT. The new microcontrollers are specially designed to accomodate increased data parameter handling and usage of high level languages. The hardware WDT allows for increased system reliability.

MCS® 51 Microcontroller Family -- Application Specific

8XC51SL Microcontrollers

The 8XC51SL is an integrated keyboard controller designed for power-sensitive, portable PCs. It offers functions such as a UPI host interface, keyboard scanning, power management, temperature/battery monitoring and external keyboard/mouse interface. Package option includes PQFP 100ld and SQFP 100ld, with 5V and 3.3V operations.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Same instruction set as MCS® 51 controllers; software compatible with 80C51 Synergy. Preserves design team knowledge and investment; no training required
Integration of 80C42-type host interface and keyboard scan Single-chip solution. Saves board space and lowers system cost, especially in small notebook environment
Four channels, 8-bit A/D Monitoring. Battery/CPU temperature and voltage monitoring
Interface for up to 32K of external memory Flexibility. Accommodates larger code; flexibility in manufacturing flow
Five LED drivers Reduces parts. Eliminates external discrete components
Two serial interfaces Support. Provides external serial keyboard and mouse support
Additional power management register set, 3.3V operation Efficiency. Enhanced power management function; provides greater power savings
100LD PQFP and SQFP packages Saves space. Small package size for board space savings


83C51KB Microcontroller

The 83C51KB is a highly integrated keyboard controller designed for the standard and advanced keyboards for desktop PC's. The integration of external components into the microcontroller reduces the overall keyboard control manufacturing cost in terms of the number of components used, the amount of PCB space required, reduced inventory and a reduction in the required assembly activities. Available in 40ld PLCC package.

FEATURESBENEFITS
Same instruction set as MCS 51 controllers Synergy. Preserves code and knowledge investment
Direct drive LED outputs (13mA current sink capability) Reduces parts. Reduce components cost and board space
20pF on-chip cap for RC resonator
(4-6 MHz selectable frequency)
Cost effective. External crystal not required
Integrated power-on-reset circuitry Integration. Cost and space savings
8 dedicated Key Scan Input pins Efficiency. With external interrupts for
power management
16 dedicated Key Scan Output pins with Quasi-bidirectional port drivers Flexibility. No external resistors required and flexible board design
Clock/Data drivers to host
- Strong pull-up
- 8x42 compatible
- External interrupt on clock pin
Enhancement. Reduce component costs and provide efficient power management and compatibility
128B RAM with 128 bits that are bit-addressable Control. Code flexibility and easier control

Keyboard Hardware Using 83C51KB


8XC51GB Microcontroller

The 8XC51GB is an enhanced version of the 8XC51FA. Added features make it an even more powerful microcontroller for applications that require on-chip A/D, pulse width modulation, high-speed I/O, up/down counting capabilities and memory protection features. It also has a more versatile serial channel that facilitates multiprocessor communications.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Same instruction set as MCS® 51 microcontrollers and is software compatible with 80C51 Synergy. Preserves design team knowledge and investment; no training required
Enhanced interrupt structure with:
- 15 vectors (7 external, 8 internal)
- 4 programmable priority-level applications
Flexibility. Flexible and comprehensive interrupt handling capacity for interrupt-intensive applications; reduces CPU overhead to define proper interrupt routing for heavy interrupt-driven applications.
8-channel, 8-bit A/D converter:
- eight 8-bit result registers
- four programmable modes
- automatic comparator reference
- trigger input pin
A/D conversions. Intelligent, accurate A/D conversions allow:
- sequential A/D (one per channel)
- two start and sequencing modes to address any application need
- more precise A/D conversions
- minimal CPU overhead, simple interface
Two programmable counter arrays Precision. Precise event timing measurement and control capabilities
Half-duplex synchronous serial port Peripherals. More I/O peripherals expansion, such as off-chip (EEPROM)


8XC152JX Microcontroller

The 8XC152JA/JB/JC/JD, based on the MCS(R) 51 microcontroller architecture core, is a highly integrated, single-chip, 8-bit microcontroller designed for cost-sensitive, high-speed, multi-protocol serial communications. It is ideal for implementing ISDN, LAN and user-defined serial backplane applications.

FEATURES BENEFITS
Same instruction set as MCS 51 microcontrollers; software compatible with 80C51 Synergy. Preserves design team knowledge/investment; no training required
Fast data transfer with global serial channel Effective. High effective data-rate throughput
Serial protocol Cost effective. Cheaper and can be more reliable than parallel communications; easy to add and subtract nodes
Dual DMA channels Efficient. Frees CPU for other tasks; on-chip DMA controller simplifies system design and reduces board space
SDLC and other HDLC subsets Compatible. Supports proprietary and emerging ISDN applications such as PABX linecards and terminal adapters, and other proprietary networks as in programmable logic controllers
Carrier sense multiple-access/collision detect Compatible. Supports IEEE 8023 defined access and other proprietary access methods
Deterministic collision resolution scheme Unique. Determines worst-case access time; allows CSMA/CD to be used in real-time control environments; combines some of the best features of traditional methods-deterministic protocol with no polling overhead

Development Tools

The MCS 51 microcontroller product family is supported by a variety of development tools, including ApBUILDER and evaluation boards. ApBUILDER, Intel's interactive programming software, is a powerful tool that generates peripheral initialization code in ASM and C for Intel's embedded devices, with a click of the mouse. This free software tool, along with Hypertext User's Manuals, speeds the learning curve and can reduce total design time.

Project Builder Kits are low-cost (below US $200) development platforms that give design engineers all the hardware and software tools needed to fully evaluate device features and performance. These turn-key kits provide tools for every stage of the project design cycle.

Complete sets of development utilities and C compilers are available through third-party vendors. Many third-party vendors also provide in-circuit emulator development tools. Select the Development Tools button at the top of the page to access our tools database.

MCS® 51 Microcontroller Linecard

Product
ROM/EPROM (Bytes)
Register RAM (Bytes) Timer/ Counters Serial Port Analog Input Channels I/O Pins Speed (MHz) Process Package Security Temp. Key Features
Classic Family
80C31BH ROMless 128 2 1 0 32 12,16,20,24,33 CHMOS N, P, S N/A C, E, A, M Power Save Modes
80C51BH 4K ROM 128 2 1 0 32 12,16,20,24,33 CHMOS N, P, S P C, E, A, M Power Save Modes
87C51 4K EPROM 128 2 1 0 32 12,16,20,24,33 CHMOSD, N, P, S L3 C, E, A, M Three-Level Memory Lock
80C32 ROMless 256 3 1 0 32 12,16,20,24,33 CHMOS N, P, S N/A C, E, A Up-Down Timer/Cou