Atwood

George Atwood


Born: 1745 in London, England
Died: 11 July 1807 in Westminster, London, England

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Atwood was educated at Westminster School. He then attended Trinity College Cambridge, graduating in 1769. He became a Fellow of Trinity and taught there.

Atwood was a very popular lecturer giving many demonstrations in his lectures. He published details of these demonstrations in 1776. In the same year he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

William Pitt, British prime minister (1783-1801, 1804-06), gave Atwood £500 a year and an office in the Treasury. His task was

to devote a large portion of his time to financial calculation.

Atwood is best known for a work A Treatise on the Rectilinear Motion ... (1784) which is a textbook on Newtonian mechanics. It describes a machine, now known as Atwood's machine, to demonstrate the laws of uniformly accelerated motion due to gravity.

Atwood also published on equations for the use of Hadley's quadrant. He extended theories of Euler and Bouguer on the stability of ships. He also wrote on the construction of arches (1801) and on the design of a new iron London Bridge over the Thames.

He was awarded the Copley Medal of the Royal Society.

References:

  1. Dictionary of Scientific Biography

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JOC/EFR February 1996