Documentation for the images from CT_Ver2.2. August 2,1989 These images are taken from the following disks: CT : The images sent with the original release: Skull, brain, heart, spine, abdomen. I have updated the heart image and added a montage of heart images showing a heart beat. CT_IM1: A set of misc. images: Brain scan showing shunt, biopsy scan, brain flow scans, liver flow scans, several 3D reconstructed spines. KIDNEY: A set of 9 contiguous slices from an abdomen study. Shows abdominal anatomy nicely. BHEAD: A complete brain study (14 scans) of a 5 mo old child. CT_IM2: A scan of some gallstones, a scan of a severe case of pulmonary fibrosis, and 16 scans from a unique study of a child with a thoracic kidney. For more information about CT and about these disks see the file CT.readme. I have included in this file the original documentation from the above disks. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- BHEAD.DOC Documentation for bhead images (from BHEAD disk). J. Harman 2/10/89 This is a complete head study of a 6 month old infant, a follow up to a head injury. The scans are 6mm thick at 6mm intervals starting at the orbits (eyeballs) and covering the entire top of the head. Use s 100 40 to view the brain, s 1500 0 to view the skull in the early scans. Execute the file viewimages to see all the scans. The file format is new and needs CT version 2.0 or later. I have included the latest version of CT and the help file CT.readme on this disk. The following is the Imatron scan documentation: Date : 21-JAN-88 Time : 07:06:00 Patient ID : Patient Name : M-6M/HEAD Comments : INFANT HEAD Diagnostic Comments: F/U HEAD INJURY Scanner Name : CHILDREN'S Pixel Length : 0.8203 mm Number of slices : 14 Number of levels : 14 N times per level : 1 N rows : 256 N cols : 256 Study Type : Volume Contrast Type : RENO Contrast Dose : 18.000000 CC Referring Doctor : Radiologist : Technician Initials: Kernel Type : Normal Birth Date : 07-01-87 Trigger Type : Timed Patient Size : Medium Scanner Mode : Single-slice mode Slice Thickness : 6.000000 mm Slice 1 data Data Location : 15360 bytes Slice Size : 131072 bytes Scan Voltage : 129128.203125 V Scan Current : 0.596000 A N averaged : 5 (.5 sec scan) Picture Radius : 210.000000 mm Elapsed Time : 0.131000 sec Table Position : 0.000000 mm Table Height : 140.000000 mm Table Tilt : 0.000000 degrees Table Slew : 2.000000 degrees Patient Orientation: 1: supine head first -------------------------------------------------------------------------- BIOPSY.DOC Documentation for biopsy.img (from CT_IM1 disk). This scan was used to check on the position of a biopsy needle. There is a soft tissue mass about 3cm in diameter adjacent to the arch of the aorta. The scan time was .3 sec. This is faster than any other CT scanner. The short scan time helps to reduce artifacts due to the motion of the heart and lungs. Use s 800 -600 to see the lungs and needle, s 400 40 to see the mass, aortic arch, and muscles. Date : 19-JUL-88 Time : 10:15:18 Patient ID : Patient Name : Pixel Length : 1.367188 mm Number of slices : 3 Number of levels : 3 N times per level : 1 Anatomical Ref. : SN Study Type : 5: volume Contrast Type : ANGIOVIST 370 Contrast Dose : 0.000000 CC Injection Site : LT ARM Referring Doctor : Radiologist : Technician Initials: Birth Date : 01-APR-31 Trigger Type : 2: timed Patient Size : 3: large Diagnostic Comments: LUNG MASS Scanner Name : ST MARYS HOSP Scanner Mode : 6: single-slice mode Slice Thickness : 6.000000 mm Scan 1 data: Scan Voltage : 129777.773438 V Scan Current : 0.632000 A N Rows : 256 N Columns : 256 N averaged : 3 (.3 sec scan) Picture Radius : 350.000000 mm Elapsed Time : 0.131000 sec Table Position : 60.000000 mm Table Height : 186.000000 mm Table Tilt : 0.000000 degrees Table Slew : 0.000000 degrees Patient Orientation: 1: supine head first --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GALL.DOC Documentation for gall.img (from CT_IM2 disk). This abdomen scan shows gallstones in a 67 year old female. There are four of them showing as white dots in the gallbladder, a darker object above the liver on the left side of the image (right side of the patient). View with s 500 50. The gallstones are not as easily separated in the lower resolution image I made for the Amiga. The original is 512x512. These images are all CT scans of real people. I've included a sampling of scans of various parts of the body. A CT scan shows anatomy as if the patient was sliced perpendicular to his long axis. This can be a little confusing at first. The patient's right side is on the left side of the image. It is as if you are standing at the patient's feet. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- HEART.DOC Documentation for heartb.img (from CT disk). HEARTB.IMG: This is a montage of images of a heart taken every 58msecs. This is far faster than any other commercial scanner. You can see the left ventricle (on the right) contract and then relax during the sequence. Use s 500 50. By delineating the walls of the left ventricle at end diastole (when relaxed, first row left) and at end systole (when contracted, second row left) we can calculate various parameters which characterize how well the heart is working as a pump. This can be used to diagnose and quantify heart disease. Here is an image processing sequence which will outline the significant edges in the image: (You will need at least 3 buffers.) First read in heartb.img into buffer 0 and display it on the left. Then do the following. v 0 1 g D 1 (This displays the once smoothed image on right) v 1 2 g D 2 (Now the image has been smoothed twice) v 2 1 g D 1 (Lots of smoothing gives fewer edge points) v 1 2 l s 200 0 D 2 (Now we are displaying the Laplacian of a Gaussian) f 2 1 l 20 D 1 (This is the final image) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- KIDNEY.DOC Documentation for kidney images (from KIDNEY disk). J. Harman 2/27/89 This disk contains 9 contiguous slices from an abdomen scan. The image file format is a new one and CT version 2.0 and above must be used to view the images. I am including the latest version of CT on this disk. For more information on how CT works see the CT.readme file. To view all the slices execute the viewimages file. It takes about 5 min to display them all. To exit the slideshow type q. To exit from the CT program click on the close gadget. Use s 400 0 to view the images. Use s 100 100 to look closer at the liver and other organs. Many veins, arteries, and other structures have been enhanced (turned whiter) due to the administration of "contrast". Contrast is an iodine or barium compound administered orally or intravenously (in this case) before the scan. It shows up white in CT scans. Parts of the kidneys and bowels as well as the aorta, inferior vena cava, and hepatic veins have become white to varying extent due to the contrast. I'm no radiologist and can't interpret the scans, but I can pick out the spine, liver, aorta, hepatic veins (faint), inferior vena cava, stomach, spleen, pancreas, kidneys, gallbladder, and much more. What follows is the original image file documentation. File Name : 019235.9D3 Date : 27-JUL-88 Time : 09:39:38 Patient ID : Patient Name : Pixel Length : 1.367188 mm Number of slices : 24 Number of levels : 24 N times per level : 1 Anatomical Ref. : IC Study Type : Volume Contrast Type : 130CC ANGIOVIST 282 Referring Doctor : Radiologist : Technician Initials: Kernel Type : normal Birth Date : 6-18-40 Trigger Type : 2: timed Patient Size : 3: large Diagnostic Comments: ABD LYMPHOMA,RESIDUAL MASS,F/U CT Scanner Name : UCSF CINE-CT Scanner Mode : 6: single-slice mode Slice Thickness : 10.000000 mm Data for slice 1: Slice Size : 131072 bytes Scan Direction Flag: 1 Scan Voltage : 129777.773438 V Scan Current : 0.548000 A N Rows : 256 N Columns : 256 N averaged : 8 (Scan time is .8 sec) Picture Radius : 350.000000 mm Elapsed Time : 0.131000 sec Table Position : 3700.000000 mm Table Height : 190.000000 mm Table Tilt : 0.000000 degrees Table Slew : 0.000000 degrees Patient Orientation: 1: supine head first ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- SPINES.DOC Documentation for 3D spine images (from CT_IM1 disk). The spine files on this disk are 3D reconstructions of lumbar spines scanned on an Imatron scanner. The 3D reconstruction process takes a set of standard CT images (like spine.img in the first CT image disk) and produces a three dimensional reconstruction of the object of interest (in this case the spine.) The object can then be viewed from various angles and anatomical relationships more easily visualized. spineh and Gspine are normal spines. Tspine has been invaded by a tumor. spineh was scanned with a 6mm slice width while Gspine and Tspine were scanned with a 3mm slice width. Each study consists of about 22 - 24 slices. This covers about 13 cm in the spineh study and about 7cm in the others. The larger slice width produces a coarser image but covers more of the spine. The 3D reconstructions were done by a beta release of VIEW3D by PURA labs. They use only 8 bits per pixel. Use s 140 -830 to view the images. If you have enough ram for at least two buffers try this: Read spineh.img into buffer 0. Type v 0 1 (ret) then type u (ret). This does an unsharp mask convolution on the image and deposits it in buffer 1. Type d 0 (ret) and D 1 (ret). Notice that the edges in the image have been enhanced giving the appearance of a sharper image. You can repeat the convolution on buffer 1 to get an even sharper image. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- TK.DOC Documentation for tk images (from CT_IM2 disk). These scans are of a 4 month old male. They are unusual in that the child was placed crossways ("direct sagittal") in the scanner. This child has one kidney located in an unusual position in the thorax. It can be seen in scans 4 - 9. The normal kidney appears indistinctly in scans 18, 19. One help in finding the kidneys is that a small amount of contrast was gived to the child and this has been concentrated in the kidneys. Look for small white areas in the thoracic kidney in scans 8 and 9 and in the normal kidney in scans 18 and 19. Use s 800 0 to view the images. A very short scan time of .1 sec was used. This and the fact that the child's legs were out of the reconstruction circle account for the streaks in the image. If you don't mind the streaks use s 400 0 to view the images. The original documentation follows. File Name : 008749.875 Scanner Name : CHILDREN'S Date, Time : 13-JAN-88 07:13:00 Pat. Name, ID, DOB : M-4M/CHEST , 686-548 , 09-10-87 Comments : MERGED: 008748.87J 008749.87K Diagnosis : Scan Mode, Kernel : 6: single-slice mode, 6: (kernel code) Pixel Length : 0.927734 mm Slice Thickness : 6.000000 mm Slices : 22 Levels, Times : 22 1 N Rows : 512 N Columns : 512 N averaged : 1 Picture Radius : 475.000000 mm UseDet1, UseDet2 : 0 1 Target : C Orientation : Direct Sagittal XOrigin, YOrigin : 0.000000 0.000000 mm Table Pos, Height : 0.000000 196.000000 mm Table Tilt, Slew : 0.000000 0.000000 deg