Zhu De, or Chu Teh 1886-1976. Chinese Red
Army leader from 1931. He devised the tactic
of mobile guerrilla warfare and organized the
Long March to Shaanxi 1934-36. He was made a
marshal 1955. The son of a wealthy Sichuan
landlord, Zhu served in the Chinese Imperial
Army before supporting Sun Yat-sen in the
1911 revolution. He studied communism in
Germany and Paris 1922-25 and joined the
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) on his return,
becoming commander in chief of the Red Army.
Working closely with Mao Zedong, Zhu
organized the Red Army's Jiangxi break-out
1931 and led the 18th Route Army during the
liberation war 1937-49. He served as head of
state (chair of the Standing Committee of the
National People's Congress) 1975-76.