1874-1922. Irish Antarctic explorer. In
1907-09, he commanded an expedition that
reached 88 degrees 23' S latitude, located
the magnetic South Pole, and climbed Mount
Erebus. He was a member of Scott's Antarctic
expedition 1901-04, and also commanded the
expedition 1914-16 to cross the Antarctic,
when he had to abandon his ship, the
Endurance, crushed in the ice of the Weddell
Sea. He died on board the Quest on his fourth
expedition 1921-22 to the Antarctic.