1867-1922. German politician. He was a
leading industrialist, and was appointed
economic director during World War I,
developing a system of economic planning in
combination with capitalism. After the war he
founded the Democratic Party, and became
foreign minister 1922. The same year he
signed the Rapallo Treaty of Friendship with
the USSR, cancelling German and Soviet
counter-claims for indemnities for World War
I, and soon after was murdered by right-wing
fanatics.