Kenyan writer of essays, plays, short stories, and novels. He was imprisoned after the performance of the play Ngaahika Ndeenda/I Will Marry When I Want 1977 and lived in exile from 1982. His novels, written in English and Gikuyu, include The River Between, Petals of Blood, and Caitaani Mutharaba-ini/Devil on the Cross, and deal with colonial and post-independence oppression.