1900- . US composer. He studied in Zurich,
and privately with Busoni. In 1949 he joined
the staff at Columbia University, and in 1951
began a series of pioneering compositions for
instruments and tape, some in partnership
with Vladimir Ussachevsky (Incantation 1952,
Poem in Cycles and Bells 1954). In 1959 he
became co-director, with Milton Babbitt and
Vladimir Ussachevsky, of the
Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center.