1868-1943. Austrian immunologist who discovered the ABO blood group system 1900-02, and aided in the discovery of the Rhesus blood factors 1940. He also discovered the polio virus. Nobel prize 1930. In 1936 he wrote The Specificity of Serological Reactions, which helped establish the science of immunology. He also developed a test for syphilis. He worked at the Vienna Pathology Laboratory, and the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, where he was involved in the discovery of the MN blood groups in 1927. In 1936 he wrote The Specificity of Serological Reactions, which helped establish the science of immunology. He also developed a test for syphilis.