1895-1963. German composer. His
Neo-Classical, contrapuntal works include
chamber ensemble and orchestral pieces, such
as the Symphonic Metamorphosis on Themes of
Carl Maria von Weber 1944, and the operas
Cardillac 1926, revised 1952, and Mathis der
Maler/Mathis the Painter 1938. A fine viola
player, he led the Frankfurt Opera Orchestra
at 20, and taught at the Berlin Hochschule
for music 1927-33. The modernity of his work,
such as the Philharmonic Concerto 1932, led
to a Nazi ban. In 1939 he went to the USA,
where he taught at Yale University and in
1951 he became professor of musical theory at
Zurich.