The Dual Monarchy established with the Ausgleich by the Habsburg Franz Joseph 1867 between his empire of Austria and his kingdom of Hungary (including territory that became Czechoslovakia as well as parts of Poland, the Ukraine, Romania, Yugoslavia and Italy.) In 1910 it had an area of 261,239 sq km/100,838 sq mi with a population of 51 million. It collapsed autumn 1918 with the end of World War I. Only two king-emperors ruled: Franz Joseph 1867-1916 and Charles 1916-18. Subject by: Russell Webb