1912- . US neuropharmacologist, who shared the 1970 Nobel Prize for Medicine with the biophysicists Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler for his work on neurotransmitters (the chemical messengers of the brain). Axelrod wanted to know why the messengers, once transmitted, ever stopped operating. Through his studies he found a number of specific enzymes that rapidly degraded the neurotransmitters. Subject by: Russell Webb