% achemso.bst -- BibTeX style file for publications of The American 
%   Chemical Society.  This file is part of the `achemso' BibTeX/LaTeX 
%   package.  This file and the package:  Copyright (c) 1995 by Mats 
%   Dahlgren, <matsd@physchem.kth.se>.  All rights reserved.  Please see 
%   the file `achemso.ins' for information on how you may 
%   (re-)distribute this file.  This file may not be distributed if not 
%   accompanied by `achemso.ins' and `achemso.dtx'.  Documentation and 
%   "user manual" are contained in the file `achemso.dtx'.  

ENTRY
  { address
    author
    booktitle
    chapter
    edition
    editor
    howpublished
    institution
    journal
    key
    month
    note
    number
    organization
    pages
    publisher
    school
    series
    title
    type
    volume
    year
    annotate
  }
  {}
  { label }

INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }

FUNCTION {init.state.consts}
{ #0 'before.all :=
  #1 'mid.sentence :=
  #2 'after.sentence :=
  #3 'after.block :=
}

STRINGS { s t }

FUNCTION {output.nonnull}
{ 's :=
  output.state mid.sentence =
    { " " * write$ }
    { output.state after.block =
        { ", " * write$
	  newline$
	  "\newblock " write$
	}
	{ output.state before.all =
	    'write$
	    { add.period$ " " * write$ }
	  if$
	}
      if$
      mid.sentence 'output.state :=
    }
  if$
  s
}

FUNCTION {output}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    'pop$
    'output.nonnull
  if$
}

FUNCTION {output.check}
{ 't :=
  duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
    'output.nonnull
  if$
}

FUNCTION {output.bibitem}
{ newline$
  "\bibitem{" write$
  cite$ write$
  "}" write$
  newline$
  ""
  before.all 'output.state :=
}

FUNCTION {fin.entry}
{ add.period$
  write$
  newline$
}

FUNCTION {new.block}
{ output.state before.all =
    'skip$
    { after.block 'output.state := }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.sentence}
{ skip$
}

FUNCTION {not}
{   { #0 }
    { #1 }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {and}
{   'skip$
    { pop$ #0 }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {or}
{   { pop$ #1 }
    'skip$
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
{ empty$
    'skip$
    'new.block
  if$
}

FUNCTION {new.block.checkb}
{ empty$
  swap$ empty$
  and
    'skip$
    'new.block
  if$
}

FUNCTION {field.or.null}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    'skip$
  if$
}

FUNCTION {emphasize}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\textit{" swap$ * "}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {emphasizec}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\textit{" swap$ * ",}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {slantc}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\textsl{" swap$ * ",}" * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {emboldenc}
{ duplicate$ empty$
    { pop$ "" }
    { "\textbf{" swap$ * ",}" * }
  if$
}

INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }

INTEGERS { etal }

FUNCTION {format.names}
{ 's :=
  #1 'nameptr :=
  s num.names$ 'numnames :=
  numnames #15 >
  s numnames "{ll}" format.name$ "others" = numnames #1 > and
  or 'etal :=
  etal
    { #1 #1 + 'namesleft := }
    { numnames 'namesleft := }
  if$
    { namesleft #0 > }
    { s nameptr "{vv~}{ll,}{~jj,}{~f.}" format.name$ 't :=
      nameptr #1 >
	{ namesleft #1 >
	    { ";\ \ " * t * }
	    { nameptr #2 >
		{ "" * }
		'skip$
	      if$
	      t "others" =
	      etal or
		{ " \textit{et al.}\ " * }
		{ ";\ \ " * t * }
	      if$
	    }
	  if$
	}
	't
      if$
      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {format.authors}
{ author empty$
    { "" }
    { author format.names }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.editors}
{ editor empty$
    { "" }
    { editor format.names
      editor num.names$ #1 >
	{ ",\ \ Eds.; " * }
	{ ",\ \ Ed.; " * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {n.dashify}
{ 't :=
  ""
    { t empty$ not }
    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
	{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
	    { "--" *
	      t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
	    }
	    {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
		{ "-" *
		  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
		}
	      while$
	    }
	  if$
	}
	{ t #1 #1 substring$ *
	  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
	}
      if$
    }
  while$
}

FUNCTION {format.date}
{ year empty$
    { "" }
    'year
  if$
}

FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}
{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
    { "~" }
    { " " }
  if$
  swap$ * *
}

FUNCTION {either.or.check}
{ empty$
    'pop$
    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.bvolume}
{ volume empty$
    { "" }
    { "volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
      series empty$
	'skip$
	{ " of " * series emphasize * }
      if$
      "volume and number" number either.or.check
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.number.series}
{ volume empty$
    { number empty$
	{ series field.or.null }
        { series empty$
	    { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
	    { series " " * number * "; " * }
	  if$
	}
      if$
    }
    { "" }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.edition}
{ edition empty$
    { "" }
    { edition " ed.;" * }
  if$
}

INTEGERS { multiresult }

FUNCTION {multi.page.check}
{ 't :=
  #0 'multiresult :=
    { multiresult not
      t empty$ not
      and
    }
    { t #1 #1 substring$
      duplicate$ "-" =
      swap$ duplicate$ "," =
      swap$ "+" =
      or or
	{ #1 'multiresult := }
	{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
      if$
    }
  while$
  multiresult
}

FUNCTION {format.pages}
{ pages empty$
    { "" }
    { pages multi.page.check
	{ "pages" pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect }
	{ "page" pages tie.or.space.connect }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.pages.a}
{ pages empty$
    { "" }
    { "page" pages tie.or.space.connect }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.yr.vol.pages}
{ year field.or.null emboldenc
  " " swap$ * *
  volume field.or.null slantc
  " " swap$ * *
  pages empty$
    'skip$
    { duplicate$ empty$
	{ pop$ format.pages.a }
	{ " " * pages * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}
{ chapter empty$
    'format.pages
    { type empty$
	{ "Chapter" }
	{ type "l" change.case$ }
      if$
      chapter tie.or.space.connect
      pages empty$
	'skip$
	{ ", " * format.pages * }
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}
{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$
  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$
  and and and and and
    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }
    'skip$
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.thesis}
{ type empty$
    {"Thesis,"}
    {type " thesis," * }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}
{ key empty$
    { journal empty$
	{ "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref *
	  warning$
	  ""
	}
	{ "In " journal * }
      if$
    }
    { "In " key * }
  if$
  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
}

FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}
{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
  editor num.names$ duplicate$
  #2 >
    { pop$ " et~al." * }
    { #2 <
	'skip$
	{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
	    { " et~al." * }
	    { " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
	  if$
	}
      if$
    }
  if$
}

FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}
{ volume empty$
    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
      "In "
    }
    { "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect
      " of " *
    }
  if$
  editor empty$
  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
  or
    { key empty$
	{ series empty$
	    { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
	      crossref * warning$
	      "" *
	    }
	    { "\textit{" * series * "}" * }
	  if$
	}
	{ key * }
      if$
    }
    { format.crossref.editor * }
  if$
  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
}

FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}
{ editor empty$
  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
  or
    { key empty$
	{ booktitle empty$
	    { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
	      crossref * warning$
	      ""
	    }
	    { "In \textit{" booktitle * ",}" * }
	  if$
	}
	{ "In " key * }
      if$
    }
    { "In " format.crossref.editor * }
  if$
  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *
}

FUNCTION {in.book}
  { "In " output
  booktitle emphasize 
  volume empty$
    {skip$} 
    {", Vol.~" * volume *}
  if$
  edition empty$
    {";" * output}
    {"," * output
     edition " ed.;\" * output}
  if$ 
  editor missing$
    { skip$ }
    { format.editors output } 
  if$
  format.number.series output
  new.sentence
  publisher ":" * "publisher" output.check
  address "," * "address" output.check 
}

FUNCTION {book.vol.ed}    
{ "" volume empty$
    {skip$} 
    {" Vol.~" * volume *}
  if$
  edition empty$
    {";" * output}
    {"," * output
     edition " ed.;\" * output}
  if$ 
}

FUNCTION {thesis.affilation}
{ school "," * "school" output.check
  institution empty$
    'skip$ 
    {institution "," * output}
  if$
}

FUNCTION {article}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  crossref missing$
    { journal field.or.null emphasize
      format.yr.vol.pages 
      output
    }
    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull
      format.pages output
    }
  if$
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {submitted}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  new.block
  "submitted for publication in" output
  note empty$ 
  { journal emphasize "journal" output.check }
  { journal emphasizec "journal" output.check 
    note output }
  if$
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {inpress}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  journal emphasizec "journal" output.check 
  "in press" output
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {book}
{ output.bibitem
  author empty$
    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
    { format.authors output.nonnull
      crossref missing$
	{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
	'skip$
      if$
    }
  if$
  booktitle empty$
    { title emphasizec output }
    { booktitle emphasizec output }
  if$
  crossref missing$
    { format.bvolume output
      format.number.series output
      new.sentence
      publisher ":" * "publisher" output.check
      address "," * "address" output.check 
    }
    { format.book.crossref output.nonnull }
  if$
  format.edition output
  format.date "year" output.check
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {booklet}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check 
  " ``" title * "'',  " * "title" output.check 
  howpublished empty$ 
    { skip$ }
    { howpublished "," * output}
  if$
  address empty$ 
    { skip$ }
    { address "," * output}
  if$
  format.date "year" output.check
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {inbook}        
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  " " title * ".  " * "title" output.check 
  in.book
  chapter empty$
    {format.date "year" output.check}    
    {year empty$
      { "empty year field in " * cite$ * warning$ }
      { year "; " * output
        format.chapter.pages output }
    if$
    }    
  if$ 
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {incollection}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  " " title * ".  " * "title" output.check 
  in.book
  format.date "year" output.check    
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {inproceedings}  { inbook }

FUNCTION {conference} { inbook }

FUNCTION {manual}
{ output.bibitem
  author empty$
    { organization empty$
	'skip$
	{ organization ", " * address * output
	}
      if$
    }
    { format.authors output.nonnull }
  if$
  "``" title * "'', " * "title" output.check
  author empty$
    { organization empty$
	{ address empty$
            'skip$
            { address "," * output }
          if$
	}
	'skip$
      if$
    }
    { organization empty$
        'skip$
        { organization "," * output
          address empty$
              'skip$
              { address "," * output }
            if$
          }
     if$
    }
  if$
  format.edition output
  format.date output
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {mastersthesis}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  "``" title * "'', " * "title" output.check 
  "Master's thesis, " output 
  thesis.affilation
  format.date "year" output.check
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {misc}  
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors output
  title empty$
    'skip$
    { "``" title * "'', " * output } 
  if$
  howpublished empty$
    'skip$
    {howpublished "," * output }
  if$
  format.date output
  note output
  fin.entry
  empty.misc.check
}

FUNCTION {phdthesis}
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  title emphasizec "title" output.check 
  format.thesis output.nonnull 
  thesis.affilation
  format.date "year" output.check
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {proceedings}           
{ output.bibitem
  editor empty$
    { organization output }
    { format.editors output.nonnull }
  if$
  booktitle empty$
    { title emphasizec output }
    { booktitle emphasizec output }
  if$
  book.vol.ed
  format.number.series output  
  publisher empty$
    { address empty$  
        { format.date "year" output.check  }  
        { address "," * output  
          format.date "year" output.check  }  
      if$  
      } 
    { address empty$  
        { publisher "," *  output  
          format.date "year" output.check  }  
        { publisher ": " * address * "," * output  
          format.date "year" output.check  }  
      if$  
      } 
  if$ 
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {techreport}     
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check 
  "``" title * "'', " * "title" output.check 
  type empty$
    { "Technical Report" }
    'type 
  if$
  number empty$
     { ", " * }
     { " " * number * "," * }
  if$
  output.nonnull
  institution "," * "institution" output.check
  address empty$ 
    { skip$ }
    { address "," * output }
  if$
  format.date "year" output.check
  note output
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {unpublished}   
{ output.bibitem
  format.authors "author" output.check
  note empty$
    { "Unpublished data" output }
    { year empty$
       { note output }
       { note ", " * year * output }
      if$ } 
  if$
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {remark}
{ output.bibitem 
  note "note" output.check
  fin.entry
}

FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }

MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
MACRO {mar} {"Mar."}
MACRO {apr} {"Apr."}
MACRO {may} {"May"}
MACRO {jun} {"June"}
MACRO {jul} {"July"}
MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
MACRO {sep} {"Sept."}
MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}

MACRO {acchemr} {"Acc.\ Chem.\ Res."} 
MACRO {aacsa} {"Adv.\ {ACS} Abstr."}
MACRO {anchem} {"Anal.\ Chem."} 
MACRO {bioch} {"Biochemistry"} 
MACRO {bicoc} {"Bioconj.\ Chem."}  % *** 
MACRO {bitech} {"Biotechnol.\ Progr."}  % *** 
MACRO {chemeng} {"Chem.\ Eng.\ News"} 
MACRO {chs} {"Chem.\ Health Safety"} % *** 
MACRO {crt} {"Chem.\ Res.\ Tox."} % *** 
MACRO {chemrev} {"Chem.\ Rev."} % *** 
MACRO {cmat} {"Chem.\ Mat."} % *** 
MACRO {chemtech} {"{CHEMTECH}"} % *** 
MACRO {enfu} {"Energy \&{} Fuels"} % *** 
MACRO {envst} {"Environ.\ Sci.\ Technol."} 
MACRO {iecf} {"Ind.\ Eng.\ Chem.\ Fundam."} 
MACRO {iecpdd} {"Ind.\ Eng.\ Chem.\ Proc.\ Des.\ Dev."} 
MACRO {iecprd} {"Ind.\ Eng.\ Chem.\ Prod.\ Res.\ Dev."} 
MACRO {iecr} {"Ind.\ Eng.\ Chem.\ Res."} % *** 
MACRO {inor} {"Inorg.\ Chem."} 
MACRO {jafc} {"J.~Agric.\ Food Chem."} 
MACRO {jacs} {"J.~Am.\ Chem.\ Soc."} 
MACRO {jced} {"J.~Chem.\ Eng.\ Data"} 
MACRO {jcics} {"J.~Chem.\ Inf.\ Comput.\ Sci."} 
MACRO {jmc} {"J.~Med.\ Chem."} 
MACRO {joc} {"J.~Org.\ Chem."} 
MACRO {jps} {"J.~Pharm.\ Sci."} 
MACRO {jpcrd} {"J.~Phys.\ Chem.\ Ref.\ Data"} % *** 
MACRO {jpc} {"J.~Phys.\ Chem."} 
MACRO {lang} {"Langmuir"} 
MACRO {macro} {"Macromolecules"} 
MACRO {orgmet} {"Organometallics"} 

MACRO {jft} {"J.~Chem.\ Soc., Faraday Trans."} 
MACRO {jft1} {"J.~Chem.\ Soc., Faraday Trans. 1"} 
MACRO {jft2} {"J.~Chem.\ Soc., Faraday Trans. 2"} 
MACRO {tfs} {"Trans.\ Faraday Soc."} 
MACRO {jcis} {"J.~Colloid Interface Sci."} 
MACRO {acis} {"Adv.~Colloid Interface Sci."} 
MACRO {cs} {"Colloids Surf."} 
MACRO {csa} {"Colloids Surf.\ A:\ Physicochem.\ Eng.\ Apects"}
MACRO {csb} {"Colloids Surf.\ B:\ Biointerfaces"}
MACRO {pcps} {"Progr.\ Colloid Polym.\ Sci."} 
MACRO {jmr} {"J.~Magn.\ Reson."} 
MACRO {jmra} {"J.~Magn.\ Reson.\ A"} 
MACRO {jmrb} {"J.~Magn.\ Reson.\ B"} 
MACRO {sci} {"Science"} 
MACRO {nat} {"Nature (London)"} 
MACRO {jcch} {"J.~Comput.\ Chem."}  
MACRO {cca} {"Croat.\ Chem.\ Acta"} 

MACRO {poly} {"Polymer"}
MACRO {ajp} {"Am.\ J.\ Phys."} 
MACRO {rsi} {"Rev.\ Sci.\ Instrum."} 
MACRO {jcp} {"J.~Chem.\ Phys."} 
MACRO {cpl} {"Chem.\ Phys.\ Lett."} 
MACRO {molph} {"Mol.\ Phys."} 
MACRO {pac} {"Pure Appl.\ Chem."} 
MACRO {jbc} {"J.~Biol.\ Chem."}
MACRO {tl} {"Tetrahedron Lett.\"} 
MACRO {psisoe} {"Proc.\ SPIE-Int.\ Soc.\ Opt.\ Eng."} 
MACRO {prb} {"Phys.\ Rev.\ B:\ Condens.\ Matter"} 
MACRO {jap} {"J.~Appl.\ Phys."} 
MACRO {pnac} {"Proc.\ Natl.\ Acad.\ Sci.\ U.~S.~A. "} 
MACRO {bba} {"Biochim.\ Biophys.\ Acta"} 
MACRO {nar} {"Nucleic.\ Acid Res."} 

READ

STRINGS { longest.label }

INTEGERS { number.label longest.label.width }

FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
{ "" 'longest.label :=
  #1 'number.label :=
  #0 'longest.label.width :=
}

FUNCTION {longest.label.pass}
{ number.label int.to.str$ 'label :=
  number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
  label width$ longest.label.width >
    { label 'longest.label :=
      label width$ 'longest.label.width :=
    }
    'skip$
  if$
}

EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}

ITERATE {longest.label.pass}

FUNCTION {begin.bib}
{ preamble$ empty$
    'skip$
    { preamble$ write$ newline$ }
  if$
  "\providecommand{\refin}[1]{\\ \textbf{Referenced in:} #1}"
  write$ newline$
  "\begin{thebibliography}{"  longest.label  * "}" * write$ newline$
}

EXECUTE {begin.bib}

EXECUTE {init.state.consts}

ITERATE {call.type$}

FUNCTION {end.bib}
{ newline$
  "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$
}

EXECUTE {end.bib}