/* ppmtogif.c - read a portable pixmap and produce a GIF file
**
** Based on GIFENCOD by David Rowley <mgardi@watdscu.waterloo.edu>.A
** Lempel-Zim compression based on "compress".
**
** Copyright (C) 1989 by Jef Poskanzer.
**
** Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
** documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided
** that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
** copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
** documentation.  This software is provided "as is" without express or
** implied warranty.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include "ppm.h"
#include "ppmcmap.h"

#define MAXCOLORS 256

pixel **pixels;
colorhash_table cht;

main( argc, argv )
int argc;
char *argv[];
    {
    FILE *ifd;
    int argn, rows, cols, colors, i, BitsPerPixel;
    pixval maxval;
    colorhist_vector chv;
    int Red[MAXCOLORS], Green[MAXCOLORS], Blue[MAXCOLORS];
    int GetPixel();
    char *usage = "[ppmfile]";

    pm_progname = argv[0];

    argn = 1;

    if ( argn < argc )
	{
	ifd = pm_openr( argv[argn] );
	argn++;
	}
    else
	ifd = stdin;

    if ( argn != argc )
	pm_usage( usage );

    pixels = ppm_readppm( ifd, &cols, &rows, &maxval );

    pm_close( ifd );

    /* Figure out the colormap. */
    fprintf( stderr, "(Computing colormap..." );
    fflush( stderr );
    chv = ppm_computecolorhist( pixels, cols, rows, MAXCOLORS, &colors );
    if ( chv == (colorhist_vector) 0 )
	pm_error(
	    "too many colors - try running the pixmap through 'ppmquant 256'",
	    0,0,0,0,0 );
    fprintf( stderr, "  Done.  %d colors found.)\n", colors );

    /* Now turn the ppm colormap into the appropriate GIF colormap. */
    if ( maxval > 255 )
	fprintf(
	    stderr, "(Maxval is not 255 -- automatically rescaling colors.)\n");
    for ( i = 0; i < colors; i++ )
	{
	if ( maxval == 255 )
	    {
	    Red[i] = PPM_GETR( chv[i].color );
	    Green[i] = PPM_GETG( chv[i].color );
	    Blue[i] = PPM_GETB( chv[i].color );
	    }
	else
	    {
	    Red[i] = (int) PPM_GETR( chv[i].color ) * 255 / maxval;
	    Green[i] = (int) PPM_GETG( chv[i].color ) * 255 / maxval;
	    Blue[i] = (int) PPM_GETB( chv[i].color ) * 255 / maxval;
	    }
	}
    BitsPerPixel = colorstobpp( colors );

    /* And make a hash table for fast lookup. */
    cht = ppm_colorhisttocolorhash( chv, colors );
    ppm_freecolorhist( chv );

    /* All set, let's do it. */
    GIFEncode(
	stdout, cols, rows, 0, 0, BitsPerPixel, Red, Green, Blue, GetPixel );

    exit( 0 );
    }

int
colorstobpp( colors )
int colors;
    {
    int bpp;

    if ( colors <= 2 )
	bpp = 1;
    else if ( colors <= 4 )
	bpp = 2;
    else if ( colors <= 8 )
	bpp = 3;
    else if ( colors <= 16 )
	bpp = 4;
    else if ( colors <= 32 )
	bpp = 5;
    else if ( colors <= 64 )
	bpp = 6;
    else if ( colors <= 128 )
	bpp = 7;
    else if ( colors <= 256 )
	bpp = 8;
    else
	pm_error( "can't happen", 0,0,0,0,0 );

    return bpp;
    }

GetPixel( x, y )
int x, y;
    {
    int color;

    color = ppm_lookupcolor( cht, pixels[y][x] );
    return color;
    }


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * GIFENCODE.C    - GIF Image compression interface
 *
 * GIFEncode( FName, GHeight, GWidth, GInterlace, Background,
 *            BitsPerPixel, Red, Green, Blue, GetPixel )
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

/*
 * Pointer to function returning an int
 */
typedef int (* ifunptr)();

#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0

int Width, Height;
int curx, cury;
long CountDown;
int Pass = 0;
int Interlace;

/*
 * Bump the 'curx' and 'cury' to point to the next pixel
 */
BumpPixel()
{
        /*
         * Bump the current X position
         */
        curx++;

        /*
         * If we are at the end of a scan line, set curx back to the beginning
         * If we are interlaced, bump the cury to the appropriate spot,
         * otherwise, just increment it.
         */
        if( curx == Width ) {
                curx = 0;

                if( !Interlace )
                        cury++;
                else {
                     switch( Pass ) {

                       case 0:
                          cury += 8;
                          if( cury >= Height ) {
                                Pass++;
                                cury = 4;
                          }
                          break;

                       case 1:
                          cury += 8;
                          if( cury >= Height ) {
                                Pass++;
                                cury = 2;
                          }
                          break;

                       case 2:
                          cury += 4;
                          if( cury >= Height ) {
                             Pass++;
                             cury = 1;
                          }
                          break;

                       case 3:
                          cury += 2;
                          break;
                        }
                }
        }
}

/*
 * Return the next pixel from the image
 */
GIFNextPixel( getpixel )
ifunptr getpixel;
{
        int r;

        if( CountDown == 0 )
                return EOF;

        CountDown--;

        r = ( * getpixel )( curx, cury );

        BumpPixel();

        return r;
}

/* public */

GIFEncode( fp, GWidth, GHeight, GInterlace, Background,
           BitsPerPixel, Red, Green, Blue, GetPixel )

FILE *fp;
int GWidth, GHeight;
int GInterlace;
int Background;
int BitsPerPixel;
int Red[], Green[], Blue[];
ifunptr GetPixel;

{
        int B;
        int RWidth, RHeight;
        int LeftOfs, TopOfs;
        int Resolution;
        int ColorMapSize;
        int InitCodeSize;
        int i;

        Interlace = GInterlace;

        ColorMapSize = 1 << BitsPerPixel;

        RWidth = Width = GWidth;
        RHeight = Height = GHeight;
        LeftOfs = TopOfs = 0;

        Resolution = BitsPerPixel;

        /*
         * Calculate number of bits we are expecting
         */
        CountDown = (long)Width * (long)Height;

        /*
         * Indicate which pass we are on (if interlace)
         */
        Pass = 0;

        /*
         * The initial code size
         */
        if( BitsPerPixel <= 1 )
                InitCodeSize = 2;
        else
                InitCodeSize = BitsPerPixel;

        /*
         * Set up the current x and y position
         */
        curx = cury = 0;

        /*
         * Write the Magic header
         */
        fwrite( "GIF87a", 1, 6, fp );

        /*
         * Write out the screen width and height
         */
        Putword( RWidth, fp );
        Putword( RHeight, fp );

        /*
         * Indicate that there is a global colour map
         */
        B = 0x80;       /* Yes, there is a color map */

        /*
         * OR in the resolution
         */
        B |= (Resolution - 1) << 5;

        /*
         * OR in the Bits per Pixel
         */
        B |= (BitsPerPixel - 1);

        /*
         * Write it out
         */
        fputc( B, fp );

        /*
         * Write out the Background colour
         */
        fputc( Background, fp );

        /*
         * Byte of 0's (future expansion)
         */
        fputc( 0, fp );

        /*
         * Write out the Global Colour Map
         */
        for( i=0; i<ColorMapSize; i++ ) {
                fputc( Red[i], fp );
                fputc( Green[i], fp );
                fputc( Blue[i], fp );
        }

        /*
         * Write an Image separator
         */
        fputc( ',', fp );

        /*
         * Write the Image header
         */

        Putword( LeftOfs, fp );
        Putword( TopOfs, fp );
        Putword( Width, fp );
        Putword( Height, fp );

        /*
         * Write out whether or not the image is interlaced
         */
        if( Interlace )
                fputc( 0x40, fp );
        else
                fputc( 0x00, fp );

        /*
         * Write out the initial code size
         */
        fputc( InitCodeSize, fp );

        /*
         * Go and actually compress the data
         */
        compress( InitCodeSize+1, fp, GetPixel );

        /*
         * Write out a Zero-length packet (to end the series)
         */
        fputc( 0, fp );

        /*
         * Write the GIF file terminator
         */
        fputc( ';', fp );

        /*
         * And close the file
         */
        fclose( fp );

}

/*
 * Write out a word to the GIF file
 */
Putword( w, fp )
int w;
FILE *fp;
{
        fputc( w & 0xff, fp );
        fputc( (w / 256) & 0xff, fp );
}


/***************************************************************************
 *
 *  GIFCOMPR.C       - GIF Image compression routines
 *
 *  Lempel-Ziv compression based on 'compress'.  GIF modifications by
 *  David Rowley (mgardi@watdcsu.waterloo.edu)
 *
 ***************************************************************************/

/*
 * General DEFINEs
 */

#define BITS    12

#define HSIZE  5003            /* 80% occupancy */

/*
 * a code_int must be able to hold 2**BITS values of type int, and also -1
 */
typedef int             code_int;

#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
typedef unsigned long int count_int;
typedef unsigned short int count_short;
#else
typedef long int          count_int;
#endif

#ifdef NO_UCHAR
 typedef char   char_type;
#else
 typedef        unsigned char   char_type;
#endif /* UCHAR */

/*
 *
 * GIF Image compression - modified 'compress'
 *
 * Based on: compress.c - File compression ala IEEE Computer, June 1984.
 *
 * By Authors:  Spencer W. Thomas       (decvax!harpo!utah-cs!utah-gr!thomas)
 *              Jim McKie               (decvax!mcvax!jim)
 *              Steve Davies            (decvax!vax135!petsd!peora!srd)
 *              Ken Turkowski           (decvax!decwrl!turtlevax!ken)
 *              James A. Woods          (decvax!ihnp4!ames!jaw)
 *              Joe Orost               (decvax!vax135!petsd!joe)
 *
 */
#include <ctype.h>
/* #include <signal.h> */

#define ARGVAL() (*++(*argv) || (--argc && *++argv))

int n_bits;                        /* number of bits/code */
int maxbits = BITS;                /* user settable max # bits/code */
code_int maxcode;                  /* maximum code, given n_bits */
code_int maxmaxcode = (code_int)1 << BITS; /* should NEVER generate this
code */
#ifdef COMPATIBLE               /* But wrong! */
# define MAXCODE(n_bits)        ((code_int) 1 << (n_bits) - 1)
#else
# define MAXCODE(n_bits)        (((code_int) 1 << (n_bits)) - 1)
#endif /* COMPATIBLE */

count_int htab [HSIZE];
unsigned short codetab [HSIZE];
#define HashTabOf(i)       htab[i]
#define CodeTabOf(i)    codetab[i]

code_int hsize = HSIZE;                 /* for dynamic table sizing */
count_int fsize;

/*
 * To save much memory, we overlay the table used by compress() with those
 * used by decompress().  The tab_prefix table is the same size and type
 * as the codetab.  The tab_suffix table needs 2**BITS characters.  We
 * get this from the beginning of htab.  The output stack uses the rest
 * of htab, and contains characters.  There is plenty of room for any
 * possible stack (stack used to be 8000 characters).
 */

#define tab_prefixof(i) CodeTabOf(i)
#define tab_suffixof(i)        ((char_type *)(htab))[i]
#define de_stack               ((char_type *)&tab_suffixof((code_int)1<<BITS))

code_int free_ent = 0;                  /* first unused entry */
int exit_stat = 0;

/*
 * block compression parameters -- after all codes are used up,
 * and compression rate changes, start over.
 */
int clear_flg = 0;

int offset;
long int in_count = 1;            /* length of input */
long int out_count = 0;           /* # of codes output (for debugging) */

/*
 * compress stdin to stdout
 *
 * Algorithm:  use open addressing double hashing (no chaining) on the
 * prefix code / next character combination.  We do a variant of Knuth's
 * algorithm D (vol. 3, sec. 6.4) along with G. Knott's relatively-prime
 * secondary probe.  Here, the modular division first probe is gives way
 * to a faster exclusive-or manipulation.  Also do block compression with
 * an adaptive reset, whereby the code table is cleared when the compression
 * ratio decreases, but after the table fills.  The variable-length output
 * codes are re-sized at this point, and a special CLEAR code is generated
 * for the decompressor.  Late addition:  construct the table according to
 * file size for noticeable speed improvement on small files.  Please direct
 * questions about this implementation to ames!jaw.
 */

int g_init_bits;
FILE *g_outfile;

int ClearCode;
int EOFCode;

compress( init_bits, outfile, ReadValue )
int init_bits;
FILE *outfile;
ifunptr ReadValue;
{
    register long fcode;
    register code_int i = 0;
    register int c;
    register code_int ent;
    register code_int disp;
    register code_int hsize_reg;
    register int hshift;

    /*
     * Set up the globals:  g_init_bits - initial number of bits
     *                      g_outfile   - pointer to output file
     */
    g_init_bits = init_bits;
    g_outfile = outfile;

    /*
     * Set up the necessary values
     */
    offset = 0;
    out_count = 0;
    clear_flg = 0;
    in_count = 1;
    maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits = g_init_bits);

    ClearCode = (1 << (init_bits - 1));
    EOFCode = ClearCode + 1;
    free_ent = ClearCode + 2;

    char_init();

    ent = GIFNextPixel( ReadValue );

    hshift = 0;
    for ( fcode = (long) hsize;  fcode < 65536L; fcode *= 2L )
        hshift++;
    hshift = 8 - hshift;                /* set hash code range bound */

    hsize_reg = hsize;
    cl_hash( (count_int) hsize_reg);            /* clear hash table */

    output( (code_int)ClearCode );

#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
    while ( (c = GIFNextPixel( ReadValue )) != (unsigned) EOF ) {
#else
    while ( (c = GIFNextPixel( ReadValue )) != EOF ) {
#endif

        in_count++;

        fcode = (long) (((long) c << maxbits) + ent);
        /* i = (((code_int)c << hshift) ~ ent);    /* xor hashing */
        i = (((code_int)c << hshift) ^ ent);    /* xor hashing */

        if ( HashTabOf (i) == fcode ) {
            ent = CodeTabOf (i);
            continue;
        } else if ( (long)HashTabOf (i) < 0 )      /* empty slot */
            goto nomatch;
        disp = hsize_reg - i;           /* secondary hash (after G. Knott) */
        if ( i == 0 )
            disp = 1;
probe:
        if ( (i -= disp) < 0 )
            i += hsize_reg;

        if ( HashTabOf (i) == fcode ) {
            ent = CodeTabOf (i);
            continue;
        }
        if ( (long)HashTabOf (i) > 0 )
            goto probe;
nomatch:
        output ( (code_int) ent );
        out_count++;
        ent = c;
#ifdef SIGNED_COMPARE_SLOW
        if ( (unsigned) free_ent < (unsigned) maxmaxcode) {
#else
        if ( free_ent < maxmaxcode ) {
#endif
            CodeTabOf (i) = free_ent++; /* code -> hashtable */
            HashTabOf (i) = fcode;
        } else
                cl_block();
    }
    /*
     * Put out the final code.
     */
    output( (code_int)ent );
    out_count++;
    output( (code_int) EOFCode );

    return;
}

/*****************************************************************
 * TAG( output )
 *
 * Output the given code.
 * Inputs:
 *      code:   A n_bits-bit integer.  If == -1, then EOF.  This assumes
 *              that n_bits =< (long)wordsize - 1.
 * Outputs:
 *      Outputs code to the file.
 * Assumptions:
 *      Chars are 8 bits long.
 * Algorithm:
 *      Maintain a BITS character long buffer (so that 8 codes will
 * fit in it exactly).  Use the VAX insv instruction to insert each
 * code in turn.  When the buffer fills up empty it and start over.
 */

unsigned long cur_accum = 0;
int cur_bits = 0;

unsigned long masks[] = { 0x0000, 0x0001, 0x0003, 0x0007, 0x000F,
                                  0x001F, 0x003F, 0x007F, 0x00FF,
                                  0x01FF, 0x03FF, 0x07FF, 0x0FFF,
                                  0x1FFF, 0x3FFF, 0x7FFF, 0xFFFF };

output( code )
code_int  code;
{
    cur_accum &= masks[ cur_bits ];

    if( cur_bits > 0 )
        cur_accum |= ((long)code << cur_bits);
    else
        cur_accum = code;

    cur_bits += n_bits;

    while( cur_bits >= 8 ) {
        char_out( (unsigned int)(cur_accum & 0xff) );
        cur_accum >>= 8;
        cur_bits -= 8;
    }

    /*
     * If the next entry is going to be too big for the code size,
     * then increase it, if possible.
     */
   if ( free_ent > maxcode || clear_flg ) {

            if( clear_flg ) {

                maxcode = MAXCODE (n_bits = g_init_bits);
                clear_flg = 0;

            } else {

                n_bits++;
                if ( n_bits == maxbits )
                    maxcode = maxmaxcode;
                else
                    maxcode = MAXCODE(n_bits);
            }
        }

    if( code == EOFCode ) {
        /*
         * At EOF, write the rest of the buffer.
         */
        while( cur_bits > 0 ) {
                char_out( (unsigned int)(cur_accum & 0xff) );
                cur_accum >>= 8;
                cur_bits -= 8;
        }

        flush_char();

        fflush( g_outfile );

        if( ferror( g_outfile ) )
                writeerr();
    }
}

/*
 * Clear out the hash table
 */
cl_block ()             /* table clear for block compress */
{

        cl_hash ( (count_int) hsize );
        free_ent = ClearCode + 2;
        clear_flg = 1;

        output( (code_int)ClearCode );
}

cl_hash(hsize)          /* reset code table */
register count_int hsize;
{

        register count_int *htab_p = htab+hsize;

        register long i;
        register long m1 = -1;

        i = hsize - 16;
        do {                            /* might use Sys V memset(3) here */
                *(htab_p-16) = m1;
                *(htab_p-15) = m1;
                *(htab_p-14) = m1;
                *(htab_p-13) = m1;
                *(htab_p-12) = m1;
                *(htab_p-11) = m1;
                *(htab_p-10) = m1;
                *(htab_p-9) = m1;
                *(htab_p-8) = m1;
                *(htab_p-7) = m1;
                *(htab_p-6) = m1;
                *(htab_p-5) = m1;
                *(htab_p-4) = m1;
                *(htab_p-3) = m1;
                *(htab_p-2) = m1;
                *(htab_p-1) = m1;
                htab_p -= 16;
        } while ((i -= 16) >= 0);

        for ( i += 16; i > 0; i-- )
                *--htab_p = m1;
}

writeerr()
{
        printf( "error writing output file\n" );
        exit(1);
}

/******************************************************************************
 *
 * GIF Specific routines
 *
 ******************************************************************************/

/*
 * Number of characters so far in this 'packet'
 */
int a_count;

/*
 * Set up the 'byte output' routine
 */
char_init()
{
        a_count = 0;
}

/*
 * Define the storage for the packet accumulator
 */
char accum[ 256 ];

/*
 * Add a character to the end of the current packet, and if it is 254
 * characters, flush the packet to disk.
 */
char_out( c )
int c;
{
        accum[ a_count++ ] = c;
        if( a_count >= 254 )
                flush_char();
}

/*
 * Flush the packet to disk, and reset the accumulator
 */
flush_char()
{
        if( a_count > 0 ) {
                fputc( a_count, g_outfile );
                fwrite( accum, 1, a_count, g_outfile );
                a_count = 0;
        }
}

/* The End */