/* $VER: vlink vlink.h V0.6d (13.02.99) * * This file is part of vlink, a portable linker for multiple * object formats. * Copyright (c) 1997-99 Frank Wille * * vlink is freeware and part of the portable and retargetable ANSI C * compiler vbcc, copyright (c) 1995-99 by Volker Barthelmann. * vlink may be freely redistributed as long as no modifications are * made and nothing is charged for it. Non-commercial usage is allowed * without any restrictions. * EVERY PRODUCT OR PROGRAM DERIVED DIRECTLY FROM MY SOURCE MAY NOT BE * SOLD COMMERCIALLY WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM THE AUTHOR. * * * v0.6b (16.01.99) phx * big_endian has to be "signed char" to compile under Irix 5.3. * v0.6a (19.12.98) phx * Endianess of linking process will be determined by the type * of the first object. * Support for little endian object file formats. * New macros read16, write16, read32, write32 (replacing the old * macros with the same name) for reading/writing data in the * current endian format. * v0.6 (24.10.98) phx * baserel_off disappeared. Each target should know about its * own small data section offset for the base register. The new * field baseoff in FFFuncs was created for this purpose. * New target elf32powerup, which supports the PPC coprocessor * boards from Phase5. * v0.5e (05.10.98) phx * Artificial sections and objects, containing longwords sorted * by priority, may be generated using new_priptr(). * Reduced hash table size for objects to 1/8 (32 entries). * v0.5d (22.08.98) phx * Faster memory allocation can be activated by #define FASTALLOC. * Directories are only scanned if needed (AmigaOS filesystem is * too slow). * v0.5c (08.07.98) phx * Automagic generation of @__xxx symbols for amigaehf. * v0.5b (05.07.98) phx * Linker symbols for elf32ppcbe. * SYMX_SPECIAL in Symbol->extra flags a linker symbol as * being target-specific * v0.5 (27.06.98) phx * Target-specific linker symbol support. * v0.4 (05.06.98) phx * New global vars for options: -sc, -sd, -multibase. * New target-specific function targetlink(), which decides whether * two sections must or must not be linked together for a target. * find/create_lnksect() from linker.c are no longer global. * linker_relrefs() finds all relative references between sections. * The sections contain a RelRef-list afterwards, which can be * used to link sections with relative references automatically * together. * v0.3b (25.04.98) phx * t_elf.c was split into t_elf32.c and t_elf64.c * New header files: elf64.h and rel_elfalpha.h * Some experimental code for target elf64alpha in t_elf64.c * v0.3a (18.04.98) phx * Updated help text. * v0.3 (17.04.98) phx * ELF PowerPC 32Bit Big Endian support. Input: objects and * library archives. Output: relocatabable objects. * Full support for little endian file formats by defining new * macros: LECH,LECW,LECVH,LECVW,read16le,read32le,write16le, * write32le (although currently no LE formats are supported). * Replaced l2bh(),l2bw(),read16(),read32(),write16(),write32() * by swap16(),swap32(),read16sw(),read32sw(),write16sw(),write32sw(). * fwrite32() is now called fwrite32be(). * Section.id may contain a unique identification value. * Included objname in struct LinkFile (useful for ELF archives). * New option -F for reading a list of input files. * Support for ar library archives. * v0.2 (07.03.98) phx * Linking of EHF and ADOS seems quite stable. Library units * are linked immediately and are no longer always the last * units in an output file. * insertnode(). * v0.1 (27.02.98) phx * First version that seems to link AmigaOS ADOS and EHF * objects and libraries. Many common features, like linking * sections together which have relative references, are * still missing. Also, PowerPC-ELF32 support is about to come. * v0.0 (04.08.97) phx * File created. Project started on a beautiful summer-day * at the North Sea beach of Cuxhaven. :) */ #include #include #include #include #include #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG #include "config.h" #endif /* program's name */ #define PNAME "vlink" /* version/revision */ #define VERSION 0 #define REVISION 6 #define PLEVEL 4 /* integer types */ #if defined (TYPES32BIT) typedef signed char int8; typedef unsigned char uint8; typedef signed short int int16; typedef unsigned short int uint16; typedef signed long int int32; typedef unsigned long int uint32; typedef signed char bool; #elif defined (TYPES64BIT) typedef signed char int8; typedef unsigned char uint8; typedef signed short int16; typedef unsigned short uint16; typedef signed int int32; typedef unsigned int uint32; typedef int bool; #else #error Unsupported architecture! Define either TYPES32BIT or TYPES64BIT. #endif /* endian conversion */ #if defined (BIGENDIAN) #define ECH(x) x #define ECW(x) x #define ECVH(x) x #define ECVW(x) x #define read16be(x) (*(uint16 *)(x)) #define read32be(x) (*(uint32 *)(x)) #define write16be(x,y) (*(uint16 *)(x)=(y)) #define write32be(x,y) (*(uint32 *)(x)=(y)) #define LECH(x) (((x)&0xff)<<8|((x)&0xff00)>>8) #define LECW(x) (((x)&0xff)<<24|((x)&0xff00)<<8|((x)&0xff0000)>>8|((x)&0xff000000)>>24) #define LECVH(x) swap16(x) #define LECVW(x) swap32(x) #define read16le(x) read16sw(x) #define read32le(x) read32sw(x) #define write16le(x,y) write16sw(x,y) #define write32le(x,y) write32sw(x,y) #elif defined (LITTLEENDIAN) #define ECH(x) (((x)&0xff)<<8|((x)&0xff00)>>8) #define ECW(x) (((x)&0xff)<<24|((x)&0xff00)<<8|((x)&0xff0000)>>8|((x)&0xff000000)>>24) #define ECVH(x) swap16(x) #define ECVW(x) swap32(x) #define read16be(x) read16sw(x) #define read32be(x) read32sw(x) #define write16be(x,y) write16sw(x,y) #define write32be(x,y) write32sw(x,y) #define LECH(x) x #define LECW(x) x #define LECVH(x) x #define LECVW(x) x #define read16le(x) (*(uint16 *)(x)) #define read32le(x) (*(uint32 *)(x)) #define write16le(x,y) (*(uint16 *)(x)=(y)) #define write32le(x,y) (*(uint32 *)(x)=(y)) #else #error You have to define either BIGENDIAN or LITTLEENDIAN. #endif /* read/write data in current endianess */ #define read16(e,x) ((e)?(read16be(x)):(read16le(x))) #define read32(e,x) ((e)?(read32be(x)):(read32le(x))) #define write16(e,x,y) if(e) write16be(x,y); else write16le(x,y) #define write32(e,x,y) if(e) write32be(x,y); else write32le(x,y) /* program constants */ #ifndef TRUE #define TRUE 1 #endif #ifndef FALSE #define FALSE 0 #endif #ifndef NULL #define NULL 0 #endif #define FNAMEBUFSIZE 1024 /* buffer size for file names */ #define MAX_FWALIGN 8192 /* max. aligment, when writing target file */ /* structures */ struct node { struct node *next; struct node *pred; }; struct list { struct node *first; struct node *dummy; struct node *last; }; struct LibPath { /* libpaths list. */ struct node n; /* Here we search for library archives */ char *path; /* and shared objects. */ }; struct InputFile { /* inputlist nodes */ struct node n; /* contains names & flags of all inp. files */ char *name; bool lib; /* search library */ bool dynamic; /* try to link dynamic first */ int so_ver; /* minimum version of shared object */ }; struct LinkFile { struct node n; char *pathname; /* full path: /usr/lib/libm.a */ char *filename; /* file name: libm.a */ char *objname; /* current obj. name: sin.o (archives only)*/ uint8 *data; /* pointer to file data */ unsigned long length; /* length of file */ uint8 format; /* file format - index into targets table */ uint8 type; /* ID_OBJECT/SHAREDOBJ/LIBARCH */ }; struct ObjectUnit { struct node n; struct LinkFile *lnkfile; /* LinkFile, where the obj. belongs to */ char *objname; /* name of object, if available, e.g. sin.o */ struct list sections; /* list of all sections in this object */ struct Symbol **objsyms; /* all symbols from this object unit */ uint16 flags; struct list pripointers; /* PriPointers of this unit */ }; #define OUF_LINKED 0x0001 /* object unit is marked as linked */ #define OBJSYMHTABSIZE 0x20 /* number of entries in symbol hash table */ struct RelRef { struct RelRef *next; struct Section *refsec; /* relative referenced sections */ }; struct Section { struct node n; struct ObjectUnit *obj; /* link to ObjectUnit */ struct LinkedSection *lnksec; /* ptr to joined sections */ char *name; /* section's name, e.g. .text, .data, ... */ uint32 id; /* unique section id - target dependant */ uint8 type; /* type: code, data, bss */ uint8 flags; uint8 protection; /* readable, writable, executable, ... */ uint8 alignment; /* number of bits, which have to be zero */ unsigned long va; /* the section's virtual address */ unsigned long offset; /* offset relative to 1st sec. of same type */ uint8 *data; /* the section's contents */ unsigned long size; /* the section's size in bytes (+alignment) */ struct list relocs; /* the section's 32-bit relocations */ struct list xrefs; /* external references to unknown symbols */ struct RelRef *relrefs; /* all sections which are referenced rel. */ }; /* section types */ #define ST_UNDEFINED 0 #define ST_CODE 1 /* section contains code */ #define ST_DATA 2 /* section contains initialized data */ #define ST_UDATA 3 /* section contains uninitialized data */ #define ST_LAST 3 /* last section type */ /* section flags */ #define SF_DISCARD 0x1 /* can be discarded */ #define SF_UNINITIALIZED 0x2 /* section has uninitialized contents */ #define SF_SMALLDATA 0x4 /* section is referenced base-relative */ #define SF_PORTABLE_MASK 0x0f /* mask for target-independant flags */ /* target specific section flags */ #define SF_EHFPPC 0x20 /* target ehf: section contains PPC code */ #define SF_CHIP 0x40 /* target amigaos: Chip-RAM section */ #define SF_FAST 0x80 /* target amigaos: Fast-RAM section */ /* protection */ #define SP_READ 1 #define SP_WRITE 2 #define SP_EXEC 4 #define SP_SHARE 8 struct Reloc { struct node n; union { uint32 id; /* section index */ struct Section *ptr; /* base addr of this sect. has to be added */ struct LinkedSection *lnk; /* base addr of joined sections */ } relocsect; unsigned long offset; /* section-offset of relocation */ int32 addend; /* add this to relocation value */ uint8 type; }; /* relocation types */ #define R_NONE 0 #define R_ADDR32 1 /* 32-bit relocation */ #define R_ADDR26 2 /* PPC 26-bit relocation */ #define R_ADDR16 3 /* 16-bit relocation */ #define R_ADDR16_LO 4 /* relocation of the lower 16-bit word */ #define R_ADDR16_HI 5 /* relocation of the higher 16-bit word */ #define R_ADDR16_HA 6 /* as HI, but add 1 if lower word is neg. */ #define R_ADDR14 7 /* PPC/BC-instruction, 16-bit absolute */ #define R_ADDR14_BRTAKEN 8 #define R_ADDR14_BRNTAKEN 9 #define R_ADDR8 10 /* 8-bit relocation */ #define R_REL32 32 /* relative 32-bit */ #define R_REL26 33 /* relative PPC 26-bit */ #define R_REL16 34 /* relative 16-bit */ #define R_REL14 35 /* PPC/BC-instruction, 16-bit relative */ #define R_REL14_BRTAKEN 36 #define R_REL14_BRNTAKEN 37 #define R_REL8 38 /* relative 8-bit */ #define R_BASEREL32 64 /* base register relative 32-bit */ #define R_BASEREL26 65 /* base register relative 26-bit (PPC) */ #define R_BASEREL16 66 /* base register relative 16-bit */ #define R_BASEREL8 67 /* base register relative 8-bit */ #define R_MASK 0x60 #define R_ADDR 0x00 #define R_REL 0x20 #define R_BASEREL 0x40 struct Symbol { struct node n; struct Symbol *glob_chain; /* next symbol in global hash chain */ struct Symbol *obj_chain; /* next symbol in object hash chain */ char *name; /* symbol's name */ uint32 value; /* abs. value, reloc. offset or alignment */ struct Section *relsect; /* symbol def. relative to this section */ /* SYM_ABS are rel. to 1st section, SYM_COMMON rel. to a BSS section */ uint8 type; /* absolute, relocatable or extern */ uint8 flags; uint8 info; /* section, function or object */ uint8 bind; /* local, global or weak binding */ uint32 size; /* symbol's size in bytes */ uint32 extra; /* extra data, used by some targets */ }; /* symbol type */ #define SYM_UNDEF 0 #define SYM_ABS 1 /* absolute value */ #define SYM_RELOC 2 /* relocation offset, relative to section */ #define SYM_COMMON 3 /* alignment constraints in value */ /* symbol flags */ #define SYMF_LNKSYM 1 /* a linker-generated symbol */ /* object type */ #define SYMI_NOTYPE 0 #define SYMI_OBJECT 1 #define SYMI_FUNC 2 #define SYMI_SECTION 3 #define SYMI_FILE 4 /* symbol bind */ #define SYMB_NONE 0 #define SYMB_LOCAL 1 #define SYMB_GLOBAL 2 #define SYMB_WEAK 3 /* extra */ #define SYMX_SPECIAL 0x80000000 /* Bit 31 = target-specific lnk. symbol */ struct XReference { struct node n; struct Symbol *symbol; /* symbol-pointer, if x-ref. was resolved */ char *name; unsigned long offset; /* section offset of reference */ int32 addend; uint8 type; /* relocation type, see struct Reloc */ uint8 size; /* size of reference in bytes (3 = 26bit) */ }; struct SymNames { struct SymNames *next; /* next symbol name in hash chain */ char *name; /* symbol's name */ }; struct SecBase { /* definition of section base address */ struct SecBase *next; char *name; unsigned long base; }; struct LinkedSection { /* linked sections of same type and name */ struct node n; int index; /* section index 0..gv->nsecs */ char *name; /* section's name, e.g. .text, .data, ... */ uint8 type; /* type: code, data, bss */ uint8 flags; uint8 protection; /* readable, writable, executable, ... */ uint8 alignment; /* number of bits, which have to be zero */ unsigned long base; /* the section's virtual address */ unsigned long size; /* the section's size in bytes */ unsigned long filesize; /* size in file, rest ist filled with '0' */ struct list sections; /* s. which have been linked together */ struct RelRef *relrefs; /* all sections which are referenced rel. */ uint8 *data; /* the section's contents */ struct list relocs; /* the section's 32-bit relocations */ struct list xrefs; /* external references to unknown symbols */ struct list symbols; /* the section's symbol definitions */ }; struct FFFuncs { /* file format specific functions and data */ const char *tname; /* name of file format */ int (*identify)(); /* format identification */ void (*readconv)(); /* read file and convert into internal fmt. */ unsigned long (*secbase)(); /* default base address of a section */ uint8 (*cmpsecflags)(); /* compare target-specific section flags */ struct Section *(*bssdefault)(); /* create a default bss section */ int (*targetlink)(); /* chk. if target requires linking of sect.*/ struct Symbol *(*lnksymbol)();/* resolve linker-symbol reference */ void (*setlnksym)(); /* init sym structure during resolve_xref() */ void (*writeobject)(); /* write object file */ void (*writeshared)(); /* write shared object file */ void (*writeexec)(); /* write executable file */ int32 baseoff; /* sec. offset in bytes for base registers */ struct Symbol **lnksyms; /* linker symbols, supported by this target */ signed char big_endian; /* 1=bigEndian, 0=littleEndian */ }; /* Return codes from identify() */ #define ID_UNKNOWN 0 /* unknown file format */ #define ID_OBJECT 1 /* object file in current format */ #define ID_EXECUTABLE 2 /* executable file in current format */ #define ID_ARTIFICIAL 3 /* an art. object, created by the linker */ /* ^ objects and executables must have a smaller id-value! */ #define ID_LIBBASE 4 /* all ids >= 4 are libraries (s.o. or .a) */ #define ID_SHAREDBASE 4 #define ID_SHAREDOBJ 4 /* shared object file in current format */ #define ID_ARCHBASE 8 #define ID_LIBARCH 8 /* linker library archive in curr. format */ /* number of entries in linker symbol hash table */ #define LNKSYMHTABSIZE 0x10 /* List of artificially generated pointers or long words, which are */ /* sorted by ObjectUnit-name, section-name and priority. */ struct PriPointer { struct node n; char *objname; char *secname; int priority; char *xrefname; uint32 addend; }; /* Global defines */ #define DEF_MAXERRORS 999999 /* don't want this feature now... */ #define STRIP_NONE 0 #define STRIP_DEBUG 1 /* strip debugger symbols only */ #define STRIP_ALL 2 /* strip all symbols */ #define DISLOC_NONE 0 #define DISLOC_TMP 1 /* discard temporary local symbols */ #define DISLOC_ALL 2 /* discard all local symbols */ struct GlobalVars { /* options */ struct list libpaths; /* paths where to search for libraries */ struct list inputlist; /* list of input files */ char *dest_name; /* output (executable) file name */ uint8 dest_format; /* output file format */ bool dest_object; /* output file is a relocatable object */ bool dest_sharedobj; /* output as shared object */ bool alloc_common; /* force allocation of common symbols */ bool whole_archive; /* always link with whole archives */ uint8 strip_symbols; /* strip symbols */ uint8 discard_local; /* discard local symbols */ bool short_rel; /* use short form for relocations */ bool small_code; /* combine all code sections */ bool small_data; /* combine all data sections */ bool multibase; /* don't merge all base-rel. accessed sect.*/ FILE *map_file; /* map file */ FILE *trace_file; /* linker trace output */ struct SymNames **trace_syms; /* trace-symbol hash table */ struct SecBase *secbases; /* section base addr., as defined by -T */ /* errors */ bool dontwarn; /* suppress warnings */ bool errflag; /* if true, don't create output file */ int maxerrors; /* # of errors to display, before aborting */ int errcnt; /* number of errors displayed */ int returncode; /* return code for exit() */ /* linking process */ struct list linkfiles; /* list of all link files (obj., libs,...)*/ struct list selobjects; /* list of included object units */ struct list libobjects; /* list of non-included library-objects */ struct list sharedobjects; /* list of shared objects */ struct Symbol **symbols; /* global symbol hash table */ struct list pripointers; /* list of PriPointer nodes */ struct list lnksec; /* list of linked sections */ int nsecs; /* total number of sections in lnksec */ signed char big_endian; /* linking in big endian mode (1), */ /* little endian (0), undefined (-1) */ }; #define SYMHTABSIZE 0x10000 /* number of entries in symbol hash table */ #define TRSYMHTABSIZE 0x40 /* global functions */ #include "ar.h" /* main.c */ #ifndef MAIN_C extern struct GlobalVars gvars; extern void cleanup(struct GlobalVars *); #endif /* version.c */ #ifndef VERSION_C extern void show_version(void); extern void show_usage(void); #endif /* support.c */ #ifndef SUPPORT_C #ifdef FASTALLOC extern void init_mem(void); #endif extern void *alloc(size_t); extern void *alloczero(size_t); extern char *allocstring(char *); extern void *alloc_hashtable(size_t); extern void initlist(struct list *); extern void insertbefore(struct node *,struct node *); extern void insertbehind(struct node *,struct node *); extern void addhead(struct list *,struct node *); extern void addtail(struct list *,struct node *); extern struct node *remhead(struct list *); extern struct node *remnode(struct node *); extern char *mapfile(char *); extern char *base_name(char *); extern char *check_name(char *); extern int checkrange(uint32,int,bool); extern uint16 swap16(uint16); extern uint32 swap32(uint32); extern uint16 read16sw(uint8 *); extern uint32 read32sw(uint8 *); extern void write16sw(uint8 *,uint16); extern void write32sw(uint8 *,uint32); extern void fwritex(FILE *,void *,size_t); extern void fwrite32be(FILE *,uint32); extern void fwrite_align(FILE *,uint32,uint32); extern unsigned long elf_hash(unsigned char *); extern unsigned long align(unsigned long,unsigned long); extern int shiftval(uint32); #endif #define listempty(x) ((x)->first->next==NULL) /* errors.c */ #ifndef ERRORS_C extern void error(int,...); extern void ierror(char *,...); #endif /* linker.c */ #ifndef LINKER_C extern void linker_init(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_load(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_resolve(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_relrefs(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_join(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_copy(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_relocate(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_write(struct GlobalVars *); extern void linker_cleanup(struct GlobalVars *); extern char *getobjname(struct ObjectUnit *); extern void print_function_name(struct Section *,unsigned long); extern bool trace_sym_access(struct GlobalVars *,char *); #endif /* targets.c */ #ifndef TARGETS_C extern struct FFFuncs *fff[]; extern const char *sym_type[]; extern const char *sym_info[]; extern const char *sym_bind[]; extern unsigned long findsecbase(struct GlobalVars *,char *); extern struct Symbol *findsymbol(struct GlobalVars *,char *name); extern struct Symbol *addsymbol(struct GlobalVars *,struct Section *, char *,uint32,uint8,uint8,uint8,uint8,uint32); extern void addlocsymbol(struct GlobalVars *,struct Section *,char *,uint32, uint8,uint8,uint8,uint32); extern void addglobsym(struct GlobalVars *,struct Symbol *); extern struct Symbol *addlnksymbol(struct FFFuncs *,struct Section *,char *, uint32,uint8,uint8,uint8,uint8,uint32); extern struct Symbol *findlnksymbol(struct FFFuncs *,char *); extern void addreloc(struct Section *,struct Section *,uint32,uint32, uint8,int32); extern void addxref(struct GlobalVars *,struct Section *,char *,uint32, uint8,uint8,int32); extern int32 readsection(struct GlobalVars *,uint8 *,uint8); extern void writesection(struct GlobalVars *,uint8 *,uint8,uint32); extern uint8 relocsize(uint8); extern struct Section *create_section(struct ObjectUnit *,char *, uint8 *,unsigned long); extern struct Section *find_sect_type(struct ObjectUnit *,uint8,uint8); extern struct Section *find_sect_id(struct ObjectUnit *,uint32); extern struct LinkedSection *find_lnksec(struct GlobalVars *,char *,uint8, uint8,uint8); extern struct LinkedSection *smalldata_section(struct GlobalVars *); extern void add_objunit(struct GlobalVars *,struct ObjectUnit *,bool); extern struct ObjectUnit *create_objunit(struct LinkFile *,char *); extern struct ObjectUnit *art_objunit(char *,uint8 *,unsigned long,uint8); extern void new_priptr(struct ObjectUnit *,char *,char *,int,char *,uint32); extern void add_priptrs(struct GlobalVars *,struct ObjectUnit *); extern void make_priptr_objects(struct GlobalVars *); extern bool ar_init(struct ar_info *,char *,unsigned long,char *); extern bool ar_extract(struct ar_info *); #endif /* t_amigaos.c */ #if defined(AMIGAOS) || defined(EHF) #ifndef T_AMIGAOS_C extern struct FFFuncs fff_amigaos; extern struct FFFuncs fff_ehf; #endif #endif /* dir.c */ #ifndef DIR_C extern char *open_dir(char *); extern char *read_dir(char *); extern void close_dir(char *); extern bool chk_file(char *); #endif /* relocnames.c */ extern char *reloc_name[]; /* t_elf32.c */ #if defined(ELF32_PPC_BE) #ifndef T_ELF32_C extern struct FFFuncs fff_elf32ppcbe; #endif #endif #if defined(ELF32_POWERUP) #ifndef T_ELF32_C extern struct FFFuncs fff_elf32powerup; #endif #endif /* t_elf64.c */ #if defined(ELF64_ALPHA) #ifndef T_ELF64_C extern struct FFFuncs fff_elf64alpha; #endif #endif