ar (1) - create and maintain library archives basename (1) - strip directory and suffix from filenames bc (1) - An arbitrary precision calculator language bison (1) - GNU Project parser generator (yacc replacement) brik (1) - calculate 32-bit CRC cat (1) - concatenate files and print on the standard output chgrp (1) - change the group ownership of files chmod (1) - change the access permissions of files chown (1) - change the user and group ownership of files cksum (1) - checksum and count the bytes in a file comm (1) - compare two sorted files line by line configure (1) - prepare source code to be built cp (1) - copy files cpio (1) - copy files to and from archives csplit (1) - split a file into sections determined by context lines cut (1) - remove sections from each line of files date (1) - print or set the system date and time dd (1) - convert a file while copying it df (1) - summarize free disk space dirname (1) - strip filename suffix from pathname du (1) - summarize disk usage echo (1) - display a line of text env (1) - run a program in a modified environment expand (1) - convert tabs to spaces expr (1) - evaluate expressions false (1) - do nothing, unsuccessfully flex (1) - fast lexical analyzer generator fold (1) - wrap each input line to fit in specified width gperf (1) - generate a perfect hash function from a key set groups (1) - print the groups a user is in gzexe (1) - compress executable files in place head (1) - output the first part of files id (1) - print real and effective UIDs and GIDs info (1) - GNU's hypertext system install (1) - copy files and set their attributes ispell (1) - Correct spelling for a file join (1) - join lines of two files on a common field ksh (1) - Bourne / Korn Shell (Public Domain) ln (1) - make links between files logname (1) - print user's login name make (1) - GNU make utility to maintain groups of programs mkdir (1) - make directories mkfifo (1) - make FIFOs (named pipes) mknod (1) - make special files mv (1) - rename files nice (1) - run a program with modified scheduling priority nl (1) - number lines of files nohup (1) - run a command immume to hangups, with output to a non-tty od (1) - dump files in octal and other formats paste (1) - merge lines of files patch (1) - apply a diff file to an original pathchk (1) - check whether pathnames are valid or portable pr (1) - convert text files for printing printenv (1) - print all or part of environment printf (1) - format and print data rm (1) - remove files rmdir (1) - remove empty directories sh (1) - invoke the shell command interpreter sleep (1) - delay for a specified amount of time sort (1) - sort lines of text files split (1) - split a file into pieces stty (1) - change and print terminal line settings su (1) - run a shell with substitute user and group IDs sum (1) - checksum and count the blocks in a file tac (1) - concatenate and print files in reverse tail (1) - output the last part of files tee (1) - read from standard input and write to standard output and files test (1) - check file types and compare values touch (1) - change file timestamps tr (1) - translate or delete characters true (1) - do nothing, successfully tty (1) - print the path of the terminal connected to standard input uname (1) - print system information unexpand (1) - convert spaces to tabs uniq (1) - remove duplicate lines from a sorted file wc (1) - print the number of bytes, words, and lines in files who (1) - show who is logged on whoami (1) - print effective userid yes (1) - output a string repeatedly until killed zforce (1) - force a '.gz' extension on all gzip files zgrep (1) - search possibly compressed files for a regular expression zmore (1) - file perusal filter for crt viewing of compressed text znew (1) - recompress .Z files to .gz files uuencode (1) - encode a binary file uudecode uudecode (1) - decode a file created by uuencode _exit (2) - terminate the calling process abort (3) - cause abnormal program termination abs (3) - integer absolute value function access (2) - check access permissions of a file or pathname alarm (3) - set signal timer alarm alloca (3) - memory allocator asctime, ctime, difftime, gmtime, localtime, mktime (3) - transform binary date and time value to ASCII atexit (3) - register a function to be called on exit atof (3) - convert ASCII string to double atoi (3) - convert ASCII string to integer atol (3) - convert ASCII string to long integer bcmp (3) - compare byte string bcmp, bcopy, bzero, memccpy, memchr, memcmp, memcpy, memmove, memset (3) - byte string operations bcopy (3) - copy byte string bsearch (3) - binary search of a sorted table bzero (3) - write zeroes to a byte string calloc (3) - allocate clean memory (zero initialized space) chdir, fchdir (2) - change current working directory chmod, fchmod (2) - change mode of file clearerr, feof, ferror, fileno (3) - check and reset stream status clock (3) - determine processor time used close (2) - delete a descriptor creat (2) - create a new file crypt, setkey, encrypt, des_setkey, des_cipher (3) - DES encryption ctermid (3) - generate terminal pathname curses (3) - screen functions with ``optimal'' cursor motion div (3) - return quotient and remainder from division dup, dup2 (2) - duplicate an existing file descriptor execl, execlp, execle, exect, execv, execvp (3) - execute a file execve (2) - execute a file exit (3) - perform normal program termination fclose (3) - close a stream fcntl (2) - file control fflush, fpurge (3) - flush a stream ffs (3) - find first bit set in a bit string fgetc, getc, getchar, getw (3) - get next character or word from input stream fgetline (3) - get a line from a stream fgetpos, fseek, fsetpos, ftell, rewind (3) - reposition a stream fgets, gets (3) - get a line from a stream fnmatch (3) - match filename or pathname fopen, fdopen, freopen (3) - stream open functions fputc, putc, putchar, putw (3) - output a character or word to a stream fputs, puts (3) - output a line to a stream fread, fwrite (3) - binary stream input/output free (3) - free up memory allocated with malloc, calloc or realloc frexp (3) - convert floating­point number to fractional and integral compo­ nents fsync (2) - synchronize a file's in­core state with that on disk fts (3) - traverse a file hierarchy funopen, fropen, fwopen (3) - open a stream getdtablesize (2) - get descriptor table size getenv, putenv, setenv, unsetenv (3) - environment variable functions getfsent, getfsspec, getfsfile, setfsent, endfsent (3) - get file system descriptor file entry getfsstat (2) - get list of all mounted filesystems getgid, getegid (2) - get group process identification getgrent, getgrnam, getgrgid, setgroupent, setgrent, endgrent (3) - group database operations getgroups (2) - get group access list gethostname, sethostname (2) - get/set name of current host getitimer, setitimer (2) - get/set value of interval timer getlogin, setlogin (2) - get/set login name getmntinfo (3) - get information about mounted file systems getmode, setmode (3) - modify mode bits getopt (3) - get option letter from argv getpagesize (2) - get system page size getpass (3) - get a password getpgrp (2) - get process group getpid, getppid (2) - get parent or calling process identification getpriority, setpriority (2) - get/set program scheduling priority getpwent, getpwnam, getpwuid, setpassent, setpwent, endpwent (3) - password database operations getrlimit, setrlimit (2) - control maximum system resource consumption getrusage (2) - get information about resource utilization getsubopt (3) - get sub options from an argument gettimeofday, settimeofday (2) - get/set date and time getuid, geteuid (2) - get user identification getwd (3) - get working directory pathname glob, globfree (3) - generate pathnames matching a pattern index (3) - locate character in string initgroups (3) - initialize group access list intro (2) - introduction to system calls and error numbers ioctl (2) - control device isalnum (3) - alphanumeric character test isalpha (3) - alphabetic character test isalpha, isupper, islower, isdigit, isxdigit, isalnum, isspace, ispunct, isprint, isgraph, iscntrl, isascii, toupper, tolower, toascii (3) - character classification macros iscntrl (3) - control character test isdigit (3) - decimal­digit character test isgraph (3) - printing character test (space character exculsive) isinf, isnan (3) - test for infinity or not­a­number (NaN) islower (3) - lower­case character test isprint (3) - printing character test (space character inclusive) ispunct (3) - punctuation character test isspace (3) - white­space character test isupper (3) - upper­case character test isxdigit (3) - hexadecimal­digit character test kill (2) - send signal to a process killpg (2) - send signal to a process group labs (3) - return the absolute value of a long integer ldexp (3) - mutliply floating­point number by integral power of 2 ldiv (3) - return quotient and remainder from division link (2) - make a hard file link lseek (2) - reposition read/write file offset malloc, (3) - general memory allocation function malloc, free, realloc, calloc, alloca (3) - general memory allocation operations man.conf (5) - configuration file for man(1) memchr (3) - locate byte in byte string memcmp (3) - compare byte string memcpy (3) - copy byte string memmove (3) - copy byte string memset (3) - write a byte to byte string mkdir (2) - make a directory file mktemp (3) - make temporary file name (unique) modf (3) - extract signed integral and fractional values from floating­point number nice (3) - set program scheduling priority nlist (3) - retrieve symbol table name list from an executable file open (2) - open or create a file for reading or writing opendir, readdir, telldir, seekdir, rewinddir, closedir, dirfd (3) - directory operations pause (3) - stop until signal perror, strerror, sys_errlist, sys_nerr (3) - system error messages pipe (2) - create descriptor pair for interprocess communication popen, pclose (3) - process I/O printf, fprintf, sprintf, snprintf, vprintf, vfprintf, vsprintf, vsnprintf (3) - formatted output conversion psignal, sys_siglist (3) - system signal messages qsort, heapsort (3) - sort functions radixsort (3) - radix sort raise (3) - send a signal to the current process rand, srand (3) - bad random number generator random, srandom, initstate, setstate (3) - better random number generator; routines for changing generators read, readv (2) - read input readlink (2) - read value of a symbolic link realloc (3) - reallocation of memory function regcomp, regexec, regsub, regerror (3) - regular expression handlers remove (3) - remove directory entry rename (2) - change the name of a file rindex (3) - locate character in string rmdir (2) - remove a directory file scandir, alphasort (3) - scan a directory scanf, fscanf, sscanf, vscanf, vsscanf, vfscanf (3) - input format conversion select (2) - synchronous I/O multiplexing setbuf, setbuffer, setlinebuf, setvbuf (3) - stream buffering operations setgroups (2) - set group access list setpgid, setpgrp (2) - set process group setregid (2) - set real and effective group ID setreuid (2) - set real and effective user ID's setuid, seteuid, setruid, setgid, setegid, setrgid (3) - set user and group ID sigaction (2) - software signal facilities sigblock (2) - block signals siginterrupt (3) - allow signals to interrupt system calls signal (3) - simplified software signal facilities sigpause (2) - atomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt sigprocmask (2) - manipulate current signal mask sigreturn (2) - return from signal sigsetjmp, siglongjmp, setjmp, longjmp, _setjmp, _longjmp longjmperror (3) - non­local jumps sigsetmask (2) - set current signal mask sigsetops, sigemptyset, sigfillset, sigaddset, sigdelset, sigismember (3) - manipulate signal masks sigstack (2) - set and/or get signal stack context sigsuspend (2) - atomically release blocked signals and wait for interrupt sigvec (2) - software signal facilities sleep (3) - suspend process execution for interval of seconds stat, lstat, fstat (2) - get file status statfs (2) - get file system statistics stdio (3) - standard input/output library functions strcasecmp (3) - compare strings, ignoring case strcat (3) - concatenate strings strcat, strncat, strchr, strrchr, strcmp, strncmp, strcasecmp, strncasecmp, strcpy, strncpy, strerror, strlen, strpbrk, strsep, strspn, strcspn, strstr, strtok, index, rindex (3) - string specific functions strchr (3) - locate character in string strcmp (3) - compare strings strcoll (3) - compare strings according to current collation strcpy (3) - copy strings strcspn (3) - span the complement of a string strdup (3) - save a copy of a string strftime (3) - format date and time strlen (3) - find length of string strmode (3) - convert inode status information into a symbolic string strpbrk (3) - locate multiple characters in string strrchr (3) - locate character in string strsep (3) - separate strings strspn (3) - span a string strstr (3) - locate a substring in a string strtod (3) - convert ASCII string to double strtok, strsep (3) - string token operations strtol (3) - convert string value to a long integer strtoul (3) - convert a string to an unsigned long integer strxfrm (3) - transform a string under locale swab (3) - swap adjacent bytes symlink (2) - make symbolic link to a file syscall (2) - indirect system call system (3) - pass a command to the shell tempnam, tmpfile, tmpnam (3) - temporary file routines tgetent, tgetnum, tgetflag, tgetstr, tgoto, tputs (3) - terminal independent operation routines time (3) - get time of day times (3) - process times timezone (3) - return the timezone abbreviation tolower (3) - upper case to lower case letter conversion toupper (3) - lower case to upper case letter conversion truncate (2) - truncate a file to a specified length ttyname, isatty, ttyslot (3) - get name of associated terminal (tty) from file descriptor tzset, tzsetwall (3) - initialize time conversion information ualarm (3) - schedule signal after specified time ungetc (3) - un­get character from input stream unlink (2) - remove directory entry unvis, strunvis (3) - decode a visual representation of characters usleep (3) - suspend execution for interval of microseconds utime (3) - set file times utimes (2) - set file access and modification times valloc (3) - aligned memory allocation function vfork (2) - spawn new process in a virtual memory efficient way vis (3) - visually encode characters wait, waitpid, wait4, wait3 (2) - wait for process terminatation write, writev (2) - write output