|1-A1200'S and CD-ROMS


                         By BullyBeef of N.F.A.
                         >>>>>>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<

Reading this text will help you do two things.
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1) Decide whether you want CD-ROM.

2) Choose which hardware option to go for.

Commodore have always had a strong commitment to CD-ROM, in early 1991,
Commodore launched the ill-fated CDTV, this machine was touted as the
complete home entertainments system, CDTV doesn't stand for compact disc
television, as you might expect, but instead means "Commodore Dynamic
Total Vision", this box containing an A500 and a CD-drive, with an infa-
red remote controller, was a flop.

CDTV was supposed to appeal to people who weren't especially interested
in computers, this was reflected in the design; CDTV looked more like a
hi-fi unit than a personal computer, unfortunately for Commodore, their
idea was a little bit ahead of the times, compact discs are only now a
coming force, and the CDTV flopped, basically, CDTV was an Amiga 500
with a couple of extra on-board ROMs to help run the CD drive, thus it
came as no great surprise whan Commodore announced the A570 in late
1991.

The A570 was a CD-drive for the A500 and A500Plus, it was basically the
drive from a CDTV with a couple of bits of software on ROM to make it
work.

ROM is read only memory, ROM is unalterable memory, unlike RAM which is
wiped out everytime you switch the Amiga off, ROM retains it's contents
no matter what.

RAM (random access memory) is simply memory that can altered and is used
to store information while your Amiga is running,software is loaded from
CD, hard drive, or floppy into the Amiga's RAM, the A1200 comes with 2MB
of RAM as standard (as if you don't kmow that?).

There is an interesting parallel to draw here with what is happening
today, in late 1993, Commodore launched their brand new baby, the CD32,
designed for a non-computer owning generation, it looked like a games
console, significantly having no keyboard or floppy drive, but inside
the CD32 is an A1200 with a few extra ROMs with the information
necessary to run a CD drive, sounds familiar, eh?  so the logical and
expected thing to happen was for Commodore to announce within a few
months that the CD drive that was inside the CD32 would be available as
a stand alone device for the A1200, well, finally this is the case, but
not until after a good deal of prevarication from Commodore, Commodore,
it seemed, were afraid that if they released the A1200 CD-drive, it
would harm the excellent sales of the CD32, and Commodore, in dire
financial straits, couldn't afford that risk.

Finally the deadlock has been broken, a french company, Archos, have
designed there own A1200 compatible CD-ROM drive and thrown down the
gauntlet to Commodore, now, both drives are available (although only the
Archos drive is actually being sold in this country) and for the happy
A1200 owner it's just a question of which to choose.  Reading the rest
of this text will hopefully help you out with that decision, as well as
introducing you to all the basic concepts behind the CDs and CD-ROM
drives, it will answer lots of your questions about CDs and how they
work?  how are they different from floppys?  why are they read only?
how good are they, really?.

CD-ROM is no longer the way of the future, it's the way of today, every
where you look there are new publications, new bits of CD hardware, and
most importantly, new and exciting CD-ROM software titles, the CD
revolution is finally here, so make sure you do not miss out, read on and
learn about today?

CD-ROM background:  Ever since the invention of the phonograph by Thomas
Edison in 1878, we have sought to record information for later
retrieval, over the years we have seen a vast range of storage media
come and go from the gramophone to magnetic tape and on to the floppy
disk,most of these forms have been used at some time or another by
computers for the storage of data in digital form, without such storage,
computers would be usless, as the power of computers has grown, so the
demands placed upon the storage media has grown with them, no sooner is
the form of storage lauded as the "next big thing" than it's already
starting to show it's weakness.

This is exactly what has happened with the floppy disk, the very first
Amiga used a 3.5 inch floppy, and this at the time was seen as a
revolutionary move, one that enabled Amiga owners to place 800k of data
on a single disk, as compared to the then standard 360k on a 5.25 inch
floppy disk, Over recent years as the size of applications for the Amiga
has expanded, so the number of disks required for Amiga games has grown,
in the early days of Amiga computing it was quite unusual for games to
come on anything more than two disks, recently games such as innocent
until caught have come on 15 floppies?  with this background it is no
surprise that companies have started looking towards the CD as the
storage medium of the future, a single CD costs about as much as a
floppy  disk  to  produce,  but  can store 660Mb of data compared to the
floppies'800k, this means that a CD can store as much information as 825
floppies.

Philips announced the introduction of their brand new product, the
Compact Disc, in 1981, by 1983 CDs were in full production and other
companies around the world risked serious injury as they launched
themselves onto the rolling bandwagon, the information on a CD is stored
digitally, in the same way as computers store their information, so it
comes as no surprise that CDs are now so roundly, and correctly, touted
as 'the next big thing' to be invented,the only real surprise about
computers and CDs is that it has taken over a decade for the
possibilities to really catch on, these possiblities were surely obvious
from the start, so why has it taken so long?.

One possible answer is the cost of investment,not the cost for the
electronics giants who have poured money into CD from the start, but the
cost of investment for the home computer owner, traditionally, CD drives
have been expensive, it's the same with all new kinds of electrical
hardware - as they become more commonplace and more widely purchased,the
consequence of massproduction is that they get cheaper.

CDs themselves have never been expensive, they are made from relatively
cheap raw materials and as the technology has advanced so their cost has
decreased even more, the same has not been true of lasers, as we shall
see later, lasers are essential to the successful performance of CD
drives and this technology has been slower in falling in price, this has
made CD drives relatively expensive, even now, a new CD drive will cost
you twice as much as a floppy drive, another reason for the slow takeup
on CDs may be their relatively slow data transfer rates, traditionally,
a CD could only deliver 150k of data per second, nowadays, with double
speed CD drives, this is up to 300k per second, even so, while both of
these compare reasonably favourably to a floppy drive, they are still
slower than a hard drive.

(Doublespeed drives are twice as fast as your average CD drive, meaning
data transfer rates of 300k per second intead of 150k).

(WORM drives let you write onto CDs,you can only do it once, as the name
suggests, and after that your CD is the same as any other, this process
is still very expensive).

There are two things going for the CD, though, as previously mentioned
there is the enormous amount of data that a CD can hold, as well as this
there is the fact that the CDs are now becoming a dominant format across
the whole spectrum of home entertainment, from the now familiar Audio
CDs to the relatively new technology of Kodak's PhotoCD, compact discs
are the ubiquitous medium of the 90s and beyond, they are no longer
avoidable.

(Kodak's PhotoCD is a format enabling pictures to be stored on compact
disc).

You can now buy a PhotoCD camera and using one of the many PhotoCD
developers, such as Boots, around the country (most towns now have some
one who can do this for you) you can put your pictures onto CD, this
means that you can also put them straight into your computer's memory,
pretty handy, huh?  this is a very cheap option for having your own
pictures made ready to be incorporated into desktop publishing packages
when compared to most scanning bureaux, it's also a handy way to keep
your slide selection ready for boring your friands and relatives, and
you can view them on your TV?.

Ordinary CDs are only 'single session', each CD has a directory of it's
contents, this directory is placed at the beginning of the CD and is
like an index, listing all the contents of the disk and telling the
CD-drive where to find them, Kodak had to develop the multi-session CD
when they launched their PhotoCD, because you can have pictures added to
your PhotoCD several times before it's full, the CD has to have a new
directory added each time, a singlesession CD-drive will be unable to
recognise these new directories and you will only be able to use the
contents of a small part of the disc.

CD-ROM and the future:  There is a revolution taking place in home
computing, suddenly the press, both the computer-specialist and the
mainstream, have taken notice of the compact disc as a computer storage
medium, as a result of this, words such as'multimedia' and 'interactie
entertainment' have become buzzwords, On the Amiga scene, most attention
has so far been grabbed by the CD32, this was the worlds first 32-bit
games console when it was released, it was thought that the increased
storage capacity of the CD would allow a whole new generation of games
to be born, dissapointingly, though, most of the releases for the CD32
so far have been re-workings of old Amiga games, so that other than
flashy introductions, the CD32 has offered little new to the Amiga
world.

There are one or two notable exceptions, however, Microcosm from
Psygnosis is a much talked about game, the story is a version of the old
film Fantastic Voyage, you are miniaturised and injected into a human
body, where you must seek out and destroy enemy invaders, Microcosm was
developed over 21 man years by Psygnosis using a team of 30 people,
including programmers, researchers, artists, sound technicians, props
builders, costume designers, co-ordinators and designers, more than 44,
000 frames of animation were developed for it.  Unfortunately, in all
their excitement Psygnosis overlooked a vital element - gameplay,
Microcosm is, however,still a stunning demonstration of what can be
acheived with CD technology.

Another game developed specifically for the CD format is Mindscape's
Liberation, a similiar amount of time has gone into it's development,but
Mindscape have managed to make it an extremely playable and interesting
game as well, Liberation is a quest through a future city to free a
wrongly accused prisoner, you take control of four androids and guide
them through the many buildings in a three-tier city, using taxis and
avoiding the police, whether they are on foot or in helecopters,
Liberation has over 50Mb of graphics, 6 hours of digitised speech, 30
minutes of full orchestral music, animated characters with individual
personalities and more than 4000 levels, according to its creators, it
would take more than a single lifetime to complete.

Just because the CD32 has been developed first by Commodore, it doesn't
necessarily follow that all CD applications are games, there is a wealth
of other possibilities out there, if you take a look through one of the
new, CD specicific magazines that have appeared, such as CD-ROM today,
you will soon realise that there's much more to CD-ROM than increased
storage capacity for games, reference works of all kinds, in particular,
are very well-suited to being given the interactive treatment.  There
are a long list of titles now available on the more established
Macintosh and PC CD-ROM markets that should soon make their way to the
Amiga, the range of reference titles is impressive, for example, there
are recipe cookbooks of the rich and famous, there are wine choosing
programs that will consider your menu for the evening and not just
suggest a few wines that would go well, but give you a history of the
region the wine comes from, and display the label of the bottle so that
you'll have no trouble recognising it in the supermarket.  There are
fitness programs with video footage to show you how to perform your
exercises and questionaires to help you monitor your progress towards
the leaner, fitter you, there are allases, dictonaries, encyclopaedias
and astronomical charts, there are talking books for children, and
recently there has been a move by some of the more experimental
musicians to get into CD-ROM as well.

About the most interactive these music titles have yet become is in the
mixing-room sections, where you can re-mix all the levels of the
instruments in particular songs, you like guitars?  Well turn em up?
You like drums?  Do the same?  You don't like the way Pri.., sorry,
Symbol, sings?  well turn him off and listen to the music without him,
it's in the provision of this sort of power that CD-ROM starts to show
its superiority over books or ordinary music recordings.

The Amiga is not yet so well catered for in this more serious side of
the CD revolution, there are admittedly some titles hanging around for
the CDTV and the A570 (Commodore's CD drive for the A500) that will work
with your new A1200 CD-ROM drive, such as Hutchinson's encyclopaedia, or
Illustrated Shakespeare.

When the A1200 CD-ROM drive really takes off, though, you can be sure
that there will be many more of these.

How does CD-ROM work?:  The way that a CD-ROM drive works is amazingly
simple, ever since the first computers used transistor valves to perform
their data processing, computer data has been stored in binary format,
this simply means that a numerical system is used that only has possible
values, 1 and 0.  The first computer used this binary system of data
storage using valves that were either 'on' or 'off', this basic system
has stayed with us, even though technology has dramatically changed, the
basic 'on' or 'off' of computer data is represented by a '1' or '0'
respectively, in much the same way as some power switches use 1 and 0 to
signify on and off.

A CD drive easily emulates this system, the drive spins the disc and
shines a light on it's surface, at each point on the disc light may be
reflected or 'unreflected' to indicate 1 or 0, so how does the CD drive
actually recognise these reflected and unreflected area's?  after all,if
you hold a disc up to the light the whole thing looks reflective, so
what's the difference?  this is where things start to get a little more
technical.

The light-source in a CD-ROM drive is a laser beam, the important thing
about lasers is that they only emit light of a single wavelength and all
the light waves are in phase (we'll get a bit more into the significance
of phases shortly), the light is focused on to the compact disc by
various lenses and a prism, when they bounce back from the surface the
reflections are then read by a light-sensitive diode, the disc itself is
laid out in a long spiral track - just the same as a groove that runs
around a vinyl LP.

There are two major differences, though, firstly, the CD-ROM's track
starts at the centre and works it's way out to the edge, and secondly,
the track is so narrow that if you streched it out in a straight line,
it would be about three miles long, as with an Audio CD, the production
of a CD-ROM disc involves etching the surface of this spiral - the data
track - to produce a series of holes and bumps, the resulting
irregularities on the disc face are known as 'Lands' and 'Pits' and it's
these that cause the refracted colours you see when you hold a disc up
to the light.

When light from the drive's laser strikes the surface of the disc it's
reflected back in phase to be registered by the light-sensitive diode,
the pits on a disc's surface, however, are just 20mm (nano metres) deep.
or one quarter of the laser light's wavelength, as this light is
reflected back, it is out of phase(because of the extra distance it had
to travel into the pit), this creates a cancellation effect, so almost
no light reaches the light-sensitive diode.

As the disc spins, the lands and pits are converted into 1s and 0s of
computer data by the light-sensitive diode, the optical assembly (laser
source and diode) scans along the length of the disc's track.

A table of contents at the start of the spiral track, similar to that on
a hard drive, tells the drive where to look for specific pieces of data,
and a servo-motor moves the assembly to the correct position, the actual
data-reading speed has to be uniform across the surface of the disc, as
the disc speed naturally increases towards the edge, the main motor must
be synchronised to vary the spin speed in step with the position of the
optical assembly - effectively slowing the spin speed down as the
assembly nears the edge of the disc, on a vinyl LP things were done
slightly differently, and the bumps that were picked up by the needle
and translated into sound were simply positioned further apart towards
the edge of the record.

The actual time it takes a CD-ROM drive to adjust the spin speed and
find data on a disc is called the 'seek time'.

Most drives average between a 200 and 400 millisecond seek time,
althrough that sounds very impressive, it's still around 25 times slower
than a good hard drive, another crucial factor in the speed of a CD-ROM
drive is the actual spin speed itself, single-speed drives revolve discs
at the same speed as Audio CD players and produce the 150k per second
transfer rate discussed earlier, both the drives available for the A1200
are double-speed drives, delivering a much more respectable 300k per
second, in addition, both drives are what is known as 'duel-speed'
drives, this means that they are capable of sensing the difference
between a CD-ROM disc and a audio disc and slowing themselves down to
play the audio CD at it's proper speed.

Four ways to get an A1200 with CD-ROM:  So, you've made the decision to
hop on board the CD-ROM revolutionary tour bus, and now it's just a
question of deciding what kind of ticket you want to get.  As matters
stand you are now faced with four options:

1,You buy the official Commodore A1200 CD-ROM drive, which may mean
ordering it from Germany because of the lack of availability in this
country.

2,You buy the Archos CD-ROM drive,which is not officially sanctioned by
Commodore but which seems to do the job very well,it is for sale in this
country through many different outlets and badged under various
different names.

3,You try a little bit of lateral thinking and say to yourself:  " well
if the CD32 is basically an A1200 with a CD drive already built in, then
why don't I buy some sort of kit that provides me with a keyboard and a
floppy disk drive?"

4,You wait for a couple of months and see wether the rumours of
Commodore's A1800 are true or not, the A1800 is supposed to be an A1200
with an integral CD-drive that rumours suggest will be priced at around
£399.

Over the next few chapters we'll explore all these options and try to
decipher what they each have to offer you, starting with a brief
overview of each drive and finishing with a blow-by-blow account of the
relative advantages and disadvantages of each option.

1) Commodore A1200 CD-ROM drive:  Commodore's official offering is a
double-speed, multi-session drive.  This means that it is able to
transfer data at about 300 kilobytes per second and that it is
compatible with the Kodak PhotoCD system, the actual drive is a Sony
one, combined with Commodore's own technology.  The drive has a lifting
lid, just like the CD32, which reveals the space for the CD to be placed
in when it is raised.  After much speculation about the Commodore
drive's existance, it was launched at the 1994 CeBit computer show, the
drive is cream coloured to match the A1200.  It has an independent power
supply and a connecting lead that plugs directly into the A1200's
expansion port, through the blank panel on the right-hand side of the
A1200.  The Commodore drive is also equipped with a headphone socket and
a volume control on the left side.

2) The Archos CD-ROM drive:  Zappo version AF rated 82%:  Archos are a
french company who specialise in Amiga products,their range of
Overlander hard drives for the Amiga are well known and respected
throughout the industry.  Their new CD-ROM drive is being distributed by
many different firms in the UK.  Possibly the best known of these are
ZCL/indi direct, who are distributing the drive under their own brand
name as the "Zappo 1200 CD-ROM drive".

The drive is based around a Mitsumi CD-drive, and Archos have provided
all the extra software and hardware to make it Amiga compatible.  The
drive comes in a cream coloured case and has a front-loading tray for
the CD.  Just like the Commodore drive, the Archos drive is
multi-session and double-speed, meaning that it will happily support
standards such as Kodak PhotoCD and audio CD.

But Archos do not have access to kickstart3.1, this is the new version
of kickstart that enables the A1200 to recognise a CD-drive and is built
into the Commodore CD-ROM drive, Archos have had to write all their own
software to emulate it, this software comes on a seperate,bootable floppy
disk.  This is installed onto your workbench disk, or onto your hard
drive if you have one.

Kickstart is the series of programs that your Amiga runs when you start
it up.  These programs handle such things as driving your television or
monitor, controlling the floppy drive and so on, the Commodore CD-drive
comes with a new version of kickstart to install on your machine, this
enables it to recognise the CD-drive.  The Archos drive has programs to
handle the drive that are stored on the built-in ROMs.

3) Microbotics SX-1:  AF Rated 88%:  If you fancy lateral solutions to
your problems then this will appeal to you.  Instead of adding a CD
drive to your A1200, why not add a A1200 to your CD drive?  Always
assuming of course that your CD drive is a CD32.

The Microbotics SX-1 contains all the hardware and ROM-based software
that you need for the job and even though one top Amiga journalist
recently described it as looking more like ashoebox than a state-of-the-
art expansion module, it is infact a very powerful peice of kit.  Inside
the very ordinary-looking grey box is a rag-tag collection of chips and
connectors that will effectively turn your CD32 into an A1200 wth a CD-
drive.  These include:

1.A keyboard translator that allows that all important finger interface
with your newly born console-turned-computer.

2.A SIMM connector which lets you fit extra SIMMs(or memory
modules)letting you increase the size of the CD32's memory from 2mb.

3.A battery powered clock.

4.An IDE controller to allow you to fit a hard drive.

5.Kickstart ROMs.

6.Floppy drive controllers.

7.An RGB output so that the CD32 can finally use a monitor.

Although the SX-1 uses up the expansion slot on the CD32, it has a pass-
thru port so that other options, such as the FMV module can be added on
at a later date.

An FMV (full motion video) card enables your CD to play films and music
video's.  It works by decompressing the data stored on a video disc and
decoding it into two separate signals - one video, the other audio -
that your monitor or television can recognise.  FMV is available as a
plug in module for the CD32, but is not yet available for the A1200.

4) The A1800:  The final option for the wanna be Amiga CDer is to simply
sit tight and wait for Commodore to do the decent thing:  bring out an
A1200 with an integral CD-drive.

What's it to be?:  The decision as to which of the four options
available to you is the right one depends entirely on what you want to
achieve and, of course, on what hardware you already own.  For owners of
the CD32, the question is whether or not to purchase the SX-1 upgrade
and turn the CD32 into a A1200 with a CD-drive, or whether to keep the
CD32 as a dedicated games console and buy a brand new A1200.

There is surly little question here, as long as there is no one else in
the house who uses the CD32 extensively, a small brother for instance,
there is no good reason to ignore the SX-1 option.  It provides all of
the advantages of an A1200 and absolutely guarantees that you will
always have CD32 compatibility.  There is a chance that some
applications developed specifically for the A1200 and CD-ROM might not
work with the SX-1, but given Commodore's incredibly high level of
compatibility across its range this seems highly unlikely.

For users completely new to the Amiga scene, or at least to the new
generation of 32-bit Amiga's, the question again is which of the two
options to follow:  buy a CD32 and upgrade it to a computer, or buy an
A1200 and add on a CD-ROM drive.  Given that there is little to choose
in terms of price the answer is as simple as working out where your main
area of interest lies.If you are mainly interested in the huge range of
games available you should probably opt for the CD32 option as you are
ensured future compatibility with all CD32 releases, and this is where
most of the exciting new games will appear.

In case you are confused by all this talk of 16-bit and 32-bit computers
then I will explain it to you.  A computer's processor can only handle
so much infomation at once, a 16- bit processor can handle 16-bits of
infomation at one time, 32-bit proc- essor's can handle twice as much.
Simple.

Archos drive VS Commodore drive:  So, which is it to be?  What are the
differences between the two drives currently on offer?  Does the Archos
offer good enough compatibility?  Is it worth waiting for thr Commodore
drive?  The major differences between the two drives is that while the
Archos drive plugs into the PCMCIA slot on the A1200, the Commodore
drive uses the expansion port.  The advantage of using the expansion
port slot is that it will provide full 32-bit data transfer, whereas the
PCMCIA slot is only 16-bit.  While in theory this will enable the 32-bit
A1200 to run the Commodore CD- drive at full capacity, in practice it
will make little difference to the rate of transfer.

PCMCIA stands for the Personal Computer Memory Card International
Association, a high-powered group representing the major computer
companies and which is regulating the development of the PCM (Personal
Computer Memory Card).Commodore have included a PCMCIA slot on the A600
and A1200 The card that is supposed to plug into this slot is the size
of a credit card.  For our purposes, though, it happens to be the slot
through which the Archos CD-drive is plugged into the A1200.

The major disadvantage of using the expansion port is that it is
ordinarily used for adding extra memory and accelerators.  The Commodore
CD-drive counters this by having the facility to add up to 4Mb of fast
RAM plugged straight into it, but any existing RAM that you have may
have bought will have to be ditched.

In addition, the absence of ant kind of thru-port on the Commodore
CD-drive means that you will be unable to use any accelerators, such as
floating point units, that enhance the performance of the A1200.

The Archos drive, on the other hand, uses the PCMCIA slot to attach.
This  does  give  it  a  clear advantage over the Commodore drive, it is
perhaps  worth noting here that Commodore said in the past that it would
be  impossible  to  connect  a  CD-drive  through this slot, Archos have
proved  them  wrong.   While  theoretically  the PCMCIA slot offers only
16-bit  data  rates  instead of the expansion port's 32-bit, in practice
because of the slow speed of all CD-drives it will make no difference to
the transfer rate.

The obvious advantage of using the PCMCIA slot is that it leves the
expansion port free to be used for extra memory and accelerators, this
could turn out to be a huge blow for Commodore, because the sort of
applications that CD-ROM encourages such as multimedia reference work
and desktop publishing applications, are just the sort of applications
that need extra memory and accelerated performance.

Another difference between the two drives is that the Commodore one
actually has the akiko chip while the Archos drive simulates it through
software.

The akiko is the special chip in the CD32 that helps it to deal with
complex 'planar' graphics, the type that are typically used on PCs, the
Commodore A1200 CD-ROM drive has one of these chips on board, the Archos
rive emulates it through software.

Both drives offer a very high level of compatibility with existing CD32
and CDTV titles, this is something which should bemaintained with new
software releases.

Because the Archos drive is emulating akiko through software, however,
and does not genuinely posses the chip, there must be the possibility
that future software releases will have more difficulty with the Archos
drive.  The akiko emulation software has already been tweaked several
times to ensure compatibility with some CD32 titles, it will obviously
not be possible to do this with future releases, unless Archos offer
software upgrades to existing owners of their drives.

The final difference between the two drives is that Commodore CD-drives
require the new version of kickstart - kickstart3.1 - in order to run,
while the Archos drive has an onboard ROM that enables it to interface
with the A1200.  The Commodore drive comes supplied with kickstart3.1,
however, there are no other significant advantages to using 3.1 so it's
no great loss to not have it.

In conclution then, the choice between the two drives is a difficult one
On the other hand the Commodore offers you guaranteed compatibility with
all future releases, CD32 games included.  On the other hand the Archos
drive leaves your expansion port free for some undeniable useful items,
the downside to the Archos is that it might not be compatible with some
future releases.  Indeed the review version tested in Amiga Format 62
would not run three CD32 games:  The Lotus Trilogy, James Pond 3, and
Ryder Cup Challenge failed to work with it.  It must be emphasised,
though that this left the vast majority of CD32 games and old CDTV
titles working without a glitch.

In the final analysis the decision you make will depend on various
factors which cannot be predicted, if, for example you already run an
A1200 with an accelerator and an extra 4Mb of RAM then it is hard to
imagine that you will throw it all away for the Commodore drive, others
among you will prefer to buy the product that has the Commodore badge on
it, purely and simply for the fact of the ensured compatibility, and the
trust you have in the name itself.

Bullybeef...........................................