//************************************************************************ // // AGA COPPER LIST EXAMPLE // //************************************************************************ // // This listing explains how to code a smashing AGA copper list using C // language. Originally it has been written for Emanuele Mainini. // Mainini's learning Amiga C and asked me how it's possible to write a // full AGA rainbow effect in C or assembly or even in Amos. // He had quite a good experience in Amos but never found infos on copper // AGA in Rom Kernel and other sources. This is because honestly RKM // still refers to ECS programming and Amos does not support AGA chips! // Well the question sounds like this: Is it possible write a smooth color // range using AGA in C or in Amos Professional ? Is it possible only in // assembly ? // Answer: Sure things, that's a really simple task in C (or asm!), about // Amos, I think it is possible, just poke BPLCON3 and use the normal // copper instruction provided by Amos, so you can have copper AGA // backgrounds even in ECS-Amos. // // How this is possible: Well, copper hasn't changed a lot from ECS, so // registers are word sized and only a bit in BPLCON3 allows you shifting // from MSB (default) to LSB. // 24-bits color is a 8-bits per gun entity, so RGB with 8 bits per component, // pure white is FFFFFF, pure red's FF0000, yellow FFFF00 and blue 0000FF. // For compatibility purposes, color registers have been split in 2 words: // the MSB and the LSB, so the four colors above in the same order will // be FFF-FFF, F00-F00, FF0-FF0, 00F-00F, that's, the same 12-bits colors // seem to be repeated twice! Well, this it's always TRUE for 12-bits // colors but almost never for 24-bits ones. // This expedient improves compatibility for an ECS machine will get // pure red as F00 while an AGA as F00-F00 (that's FF0000), if you // specified a different AGA red, F90000 the AGA will get it as // F00-900 (RGB-RGB) while ECS-mode as F00, so, as you can note, for every // monochrome ECS coordinate, AGA's can resolve 16 internal levels! // So to specify a 24-bits color you have to write 2 words, first the MSB // and then the LSB, note that the order it's very important 'coz Amiga // automatically duplicates the MSB content into LSB for compatibility. // The task is writing a twice long copper list, with doubled MOVE // instructions, and between them poking BPLCON3 register. // Building a copper list in C it's quite simple for the useful macros // ready-made, in Amos I think there are no problems at all, the only // thing to do, it's poking to 1 bit 9 in BPLCON3, when this bit's on // an access to a normal color register will be on LSB, on the other hand // when bit 9 is unset, (default) every color access will be on MSB, // so old programs continue to work normaly with 12-bits colors! // The correct procedure is: // --------------------------------------------------------- // ˇcopper-WAIT for beam coordinates // ˇunset bit 9 of BPLCON3 // ˇcopper-MOVE the 12-bits MSB-RGB into color word register // ˇset bit 9 of BPLCON3 // ˇcopper-MOVE the 12-bits LSB-RGB into color word register // --------------------------------------------------------- // // Stefano Peruzzi // Medicine Dept. // Padova University - Italy // email: peru@maya.dei.unipd.it // // PS) Let's support Amiga in scientific world, we need a lot of programs // math, physics, molecular biology, genetics ....etc. in spare time // I hope I will code something to fill up the gap. // Thanx to the author of CPK modeller, go on developing. // // Bye, Steve. //-------------------------------------------------------------------------- //---------- turn off SAS break control ---------- int CXBRK(void) {return(0);} void chkabort(void) {return;} //---------- Standard Output ---------- char __stdiowin[]="CON:0/0/300/100/"; char __stdiov37[]="/AUTO/CLOSE/WAIT"; // If you can, use GST file, and compilation will speed up! #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include // With "extern" I only declare libraries pointers, so SAS-C automagically // will open every library and will close on exit! extern long __oslibversion=39; extern struct GfxBase *GfxBase; extern struct IntuitionBase *IntuitionBase; extern struct Custom far custom; struct Screen *screen=NULL; struct ViewPort *viewport; void main(void); WORD Copper(void); void main(void) { // A simple screen ... if(screen=OpenScreenTags(NULL, SA_Title,"That's Amiga Copper!", SA_LikeWorkbench,TRUE, TAG_DONE)); if(Copper()) { // Let's wait a while ... Delay(500); // OK, we leave ... viewport=&screen->ViewPort; if (NULL!=viewport->UCopIns) { FreeVPortCopLists(viewport); RemakeDisplay(); } } CloseScreen(screen); } WORD Copper(void) { // To build a 256 lines copper we need a pseudo 512 slots copper list, // 2 copper-MOVE's per color! #define NUMCOLORS 512 // A useful mask for bit 9 of BPLCON3 UWORD loct=1<<9; register USHORT i; WORD ret=TRUE; struct UCopList *uCopList=NULL; struct TagItem uCopTags[] ={{ VTAG_USERCLIP_SET,NULL}, { VTAG_END_CM,NULL}}; // This color list has been generated automatically by Chroma. UWORD spectrum[]= {0xfff, 0xfff, 0xfff, 0xffe, 0xfff, 0xffd, 0xfff, 0xffc, 0xfff, 0xffb, 0xfff, 0xffa, 0xfff, 0xff9, 0xfff, 0xff8, 0xfff, 0xff7, 0xfff, 0xff6, 0xfff, 0xff5, 0xfff, 0xff4, 0xfff, 0xff3, 0xfff, 0xff2, 0xfff, 0xff1, 0xfff, 0xff0, 0xffe, 0xfff, 0xffe, 0xffe, 0xffe, 0xffd, 0xffe, 0xffc, 0xffe, 0xffb, 0xffe, 0xffa, 0xffe, 0xff9, 0xffe, 0xff8, 0xffe, 0xff7, 0xffe, 0xff6, 0xffe, 0xff5, 0xffe, 0xff4, 0xffe, 0xff3, 0xffe, 0xff2, 0xffe, 0xff1, 0xffe, 0xff0, 0xffd, 0xfff, 0xffd, 0xffe, 0xffd, 0xffd, 0xffd, 0xffc, 0xffd, 0xffb, 0xffd, 0xffa, 0xffd, 0xff9, 0xffd, 0xff8, 0xffd, 0xff7, 0xffd, 0xff6, 0xffd, 0xff5, 0xffd, 0xff4, 0xffd, 0xff3, 0xffd, 0xff2, 0xffd, 0xff1, 0xffd, 0xff0, 0xffc, 0xfff, 0xffc, 0xffe, 0xffc, 0xffd, 0xffc, 0xffc, 0xffc, 0xffb, 0xffc, 0xffa, 0xffc, 0xff9, 0xffc, 0xff8, 0xffc, 0xff7, 0xffc, 0xff6, 0xffc, 0xff5, 0xffc, 0xff4, 0xffc, 0xff3, 0xffc, 0xff2, 0xffc, 0xff1, 0xffc, 0xff0, 0xffb, 0xfff, 0xffb, 0xffe, 0xffb, 0xffd, 0xffb, 0xffc, 0xffb, 0xffb, 0xffb, 0xffa, 0xffb, 0xff9, 0xffb, 0xff8, 0xffb, 0xff7, 0xffb, 0xff6, 0xffb, 0xff5, 0xffb, 0xff4, 0xffb, 0xff3, 0xffb, 0xff2, 0xffb, 0xff1, 0xffb, 0xff0, 0xffa, 0xfff, 0xffa, 0xffe, 0xffa, 0xffd, 0xffa, 0xffc, 0xffa, 0xffb, 0xffa, 0xffa, 0xffa, 0xff9, 0xffa, 0xff8, 0xffa, 0xff7, 0xffa, 0xff6, 0xffa, 0xff5, 0xffa, 0xff4, 0xffa, 0xff3, 0xffa, 0xff2, 0xffa, 0xff1, 0xffa, 0xff0, 0xff9, 0xfff, 0xff9, 0xffe, 0xff9, 0xffd, 0xff9, 0xffc, 0xff9, 0xffb, 0xff9, 0xffa, 0xff9, 0xff9, 0xff9, 0xff8, 0xff9, 0xff7, 0xff9, 0xff6, 0xff9, 0xff5, 0xff9, 0xff4, 0xff9, 0xff3, 0xff9, 0xff2, 0xff9, 0xff1, 0xff9, 0xff0, 0xff8, 0xfff, 0xff8, 0xffe, 0xff8, 0xffd, 0xff8, 0xffc, 0xff8, 0xffb, 0xff8, 0xffa, 0xff8, 0xff9, 0xff8, 0xff8, 0xff8, 0xff7, 0xff8, 0xff6, 0xff8, 0xff5, 0xff8, 0xff4, 0xff8, 0xff3, 0xff8, 0xff2, 0xff8, 0xff1, 0xff8, 0xff0, 0xff7, 0xfff, 0xff7, 0xffe, 0xff7, 0xffd, 0xff7, 0xffc, 0xff7, 0xffb, 0xff7, 0xffa, 0xff7, 0xff9, 0xff7, 0xff8, 0xff7, 0xff7, 0xff7, 0xff6, 0xff7, 0xff5, 0xff7, 0xff4, 0xff7, 0xff3, 0xff7, 0xff2, 0xff7, 0xff1, 0xff7, 0xff0, 0xff6, 0xfff, 0xff6, 0xffe, 0xff6, 0xffd, 0xff6, 0xffc, 0xff6, 0xffb, 0xff6, 0xffa, 0xff6, 0xff9, 0xff6, 0xff8, 0xff6, 0xff7, 0xff6, 0xff6, 0xff6, 0xff5, 0xff6, 0xff4, 0xff6, 0xff3, 0xff6, 0xff2, 0xff6, 0xff1, 0xff6, 0xff0, 0xff5, 0xfff, 0xff5, 0xffe, 0xff5, 0xffd, 0xff5, 0xffc, 0xff5, 0xffb, 0xff5, 0xffa, 0xff5, 0xff9, 0xff5, 0xff8, 0xff5, 0xff7, 0xff5, 0xff6, 0xff5, 0xff5, 0xff5, 0xff4, 0xff5, 0xff3, 0xff5, 0xff2, 0xff5, 0xff1, 0xff5, 0xff0, 0xff4, 0xfff, 0xff4, 0xffe, 0xff4, 0xffd, 0xff4, 0xffc, 0xff4, 0xffb, 0xff4, 0xffa, 0xff4, 0xff9, 0xff4, 0xff8, 0xff4, 0xff7, 0xff4, 0xff6, 0xff4, 0xff5, 0xff4, 0xff4, 0xff4, 0xff3, 0xff4, 0xff2, 0xff4, 0xff1, 0xff4, 0xff0, 0xff3, 0xfff, 0xff3, 0xffe, 0xff3, 0xffd, 0xff3, 0xffc, 0xff3, 0xffb, 0xff3, 0xffa, 0xff3, 0xff9, 0xff3, 0xff8, 0xff3, 0xff7, 0xff3, 0xff6, 0xff3, 0xff5, 0xff3, 0xff4, 0xff3, 0xff3, 0xff3, 0xff2, 0xff3, 0xff1, 0xff3, 0xff0, 0xff2, 0xfff, 0xff2, 0xffe, 0xff2, 0xffd, 0xff2, 0xffc, 0xff2, 0xffb, 0xff2, 0xffa, 0xff2, 0xff9, 0xff2, 0xff8, 0xff2, 0xff7, 0xff2, 0xff6, 0xff2, 0xff5, 0xff2, 0xff4, 0xff2, 0xff3, 0xff2, 0xff2, 0xff2, 0xff1, 0xff2, 0xff0, 0xff1, 0xfff, 0xff1, 0xffe, 0xff1, 0xffd, 0xff1, 0xffc, 0xff1, 0xffb, 0xff1, 0xffa, 0xff1, 0xff9, 0xff1, 0xff8, 0xff1, 0xff7, 0xff1, 0xff6, 0xff1, 0xff5, 0xff1, 0xff4, 0xff1, 0xff3, 0xff1, 0xff2, 0xff1, 0xff1, 0xff1, 0xff0, 0xff0, 0xfff, 0xff0, 0xffe, 0xff0, 0xffd, 0xff0, 0xffc, 0xff0, 0xffb, 0xff0, 0xffa, 0xff0, 0xff9, 0xff0, 0xff8, 0xff0, 0xff7, 0xff0, 0xff6, 0xff0, 0xff5, 0xff0, 0xff4, 0xff0, 0xff3, 0xff0, 0xff2, 0xff0, 0xff1, 0xff0, 0xff0}; uCopList=(struct UCopList *) AllocMem(sizeof(struct UCopList), MEMF_PUBLIC|MEMF_CLEAR); if (NULL == uCopList) ret=NULL; else { CINIT(uCopList, NUMCOLORS); // The core: copper list generation! for (i=0; iViewPort; // Better forbid a while ... Forbid(); viewport->UCopIns=uCopList; Permit(); // We're to go! (void) VideoControl(viewport->ColorMap,uCopTags); RethinkDisplay(); return(ret); } }