컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ; ; TITLE: 2d rotate ;WRITTEN BY: DRAEDEN /VLA CODER /iCE VGA CODER ; FOR: Phantasm, (206) 232-5912 ; The first programing oriented board to hit the 206 area. ; Any questions regarding this or ANY code in any language ; can, and will be answered on Phantasm. ; Send messages to 'Draeden' or post in the VLA programming ; section. ; ; The Deep (TDT/VLA), (305) 888-7724 ; Our first distribution site. Messages will also be answered ; if posted at this location. ; Send messages to 'The Kabal'. ; ; DATE: 02/13/93 ; ; NOTES: Compiled with TASM, TLINK ; Must have a 386 or better to run. Any speed. ; This program was chosen as an example because it utilizes ; a lot of the neat little tricks you can do in assembly, ; mainly Structures (STRUC), Unions (UNION), INCLUDEs, ; the REPT macro, and the DUP() macro. ; ;ASSOCIATED FILES: ; ; BWPRINT.ASM => Displays signed and unsigned bytes, words, or ; > double words ; ; SINCOS.DW => Contains data for the sine and cosine operations ; ; ROTATE.TXT => A text file that further explains how to rotate ; > objects, what BWPRINT.ASM does, and ; > what the SINCOS.DW file is. ; ; MAKE.BAT => The file that'll put it all together into an .EXE ; 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� DOSSEG ;tells compiler to sort segments according to the ;DOS standards- code, data, stack .MODEL SMALL .STACK 200h ;sets up a 512 byte stack .DATA ;starts the data segment (empty) .CODE ;starts the code segment .386 ;tells compiler to allow 386 instructions ASSUME CS:@CODE, DS:@CODE ;tells compiler to assume offsets are taken from ;the code segment LOCALS ;turns local labels on eg. @@local: 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== GLOBALS -used to link multiple programs together GLOBAL PrintByte:PROC, PrintWord:PROC, PrintBig:PROC ;above is for the file BWPRINT.ASM 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== Data Includes -include physically puts the file in this one on compile INCLUDE sincos.dw ;Labels SINE: and COSINE: contains sine(0-255)*256 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== DATA Structures Angle_Union UNION B db 0 W dw 0 Angle_Union ENDS ;creates a new data type (eg. DW, DB, DD) called ;Angle_Union. Used just like in C Point_Struc STRUC X dw ? Y dw ? Point_Struc ENDS ;Create a structure (or a record) 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== DATA NumPts EQU 8 XYCord Point_Struc <-50,50>,<50,50>,<-50,-50>,<50,-50> Point_Struc <-30,30>,<30,30>,<-30,-30>,<30,-30> ;sets up data for the corners of a 2d box RotCord Point_Struc NumPts DUP(<>) OldDi dw NumPts DUP (0) ;holds di for quick erasing Angle Angle_Union ; the '?' defaults to zero, but you can't ;specify in a Union AngleVel db 1 ;angle velocity AddX dw 160 ;amount to ADD to each X cordinate AddY dw 100 ;amount to ADD to each Y cord Palette db 3 dup (0) ;sets up a palette that fades from (0,0,0) to i = 1 ;(15*4,15*3,15*2) in 16 steps REPT 15 db 4*i,3*i,2*i i=i+1 ENDM Color db 15 AngleMsg db "ANGLE: $" AngleVelMsg db "VELOCITY: $" 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== Code Includes ;none. 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== SUBROUTINES ;DESTROYS: ax, edx, edi, si, ebp ;Input: BX= X CX= Y which are rotated Angle degrees ;OutPut:BX= X CX= Y RotateXY proc near push ds mov ax,cs ;the basic formula for rotations: mov ds,ax ; X := cos(angle) * x - sin(Xan) * y ; Y := sin(angle) * x + cos(Xan) * y mov si,[Angle.W] add si,si ; si = angle*2 mov ax,[Cosine+si] ; ax = cos(angle) imul bx ; ax = cos(angle) * x shl edx,16 ; put dx in high edx mov dx,ax ; save all 32 bits mov edi,edx ; store for later use mov ax,[Sine+si] ; ax = sin(angle) imul cx ; ax = sin(angle) * y shl edx,16 mov dx,ax sub edi,edx ; edi = edi-eax=cos(angle)*x-sin(angle)*y sar edi,8 ; remove the "256-factor" mov ebp,edi ; ebp = x-coordinate mov ax,[Sine+si] ; ax = sin(angle x) imul bx ; ax = sin(angle x) * x shl edx,16 mov dx,ax mov edi,edx mov ax,[Cosine+si] ; ax = cos(angle x) imul cx ; ax = cos(angle x) * y shl edx,16 mov dx,ax add edi,edx ; di = di-ax = sin(vx)*y + cos(vx)*z sar edi,8 ; remove the (co)sin "256-factor" mov bx,bp ; update X mov cx,di ; update Y pop ds ret RotateXY ENDP ;rotates all points and saves them RotateBox PROC NEAR pushad ;saves EVERYTHING (extended registers, too), except flags mov ax,cs mov ds,ax mov es,ax mov bp,0 ;point counter @@DoNextPoint: mov bx,[XYCord.X +bp] ;load in cordinates to rotate mov cx,[XYCord.Y +bp] push bp call RotateXY pop bp mov [RotCord.X +bp],bx ;save rotated cordinates IN A DIFFERENT PLACE mov [RotCord.Y +bp],cx add bp,4 ;size of each entry cmp bp,NumPts*4 ;are we done, yet? jb @@DoNextPoint ;No. Do another popad ret RotateBox ENDP ;draws the dots to the screen DrawBox PROC NEAR pusha ;saves only non extended registers mov ax,0a000h ;segment to VGA memory mov es,ax mov ax,cs mov ds,ax mov bp,0 ;point counter mov al,[Color] @@DoNextPoint: mov si,bp add si,si mov bx,si ;bx= bp*2 add si,si ;si= bp*4 mov di,[OldDI+bx] mov BYTE PTR es:[di],0 ;clear out old point ;pixel location = ScreenWidth*Ypos + Xpos = 320 * (Y+AddY) + X + AddX mov di,[RotCord.Y +si] add di,[AddY] imul di,320 add di,[AddX] add di,[RotCord.X +si] mov [OldDi+bx],di stosb inc bp cmp bp,NumPts ;are we done, yet? jb @@DoNextPoint ;No. Do another popa ret DrawBox ENDP 컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴컴� ;=== CODE START: mov ax,cs mov ds,ax mov es,ax mov ax,0013h ;set 320x200x256 mode int 10h mov dx,offset Palette ;ES:DX points to palette data mov ax,1012h ; WRITE palette mov bx,0 ;start at color 0 mov cx,16 ; and write 16 of 'em int 10h mov dx,03d5h ;this bit of code turns the cursor OFF mov al,0ah ;by setting bit 5 of index 0ah to 0 ;(CRT controll register selector = 03d5h) mov ah,0 ;this is done because some video cards out dx,ax ;do not always turn off the cursor in ;graphics mode ;(note: it also turns all the other bit to 0) BoxLoop: call RotateBox mov al,[AngleVel] add [Angle.b],al ;note that by just increasing the byte part, the ;ranging is automatic (stays in 0-255 range) mov dx,3dah VRT: in al,dx test al,8 jnz VRT ;wait until Verticle Retrace starts NoVRT: in al,dx test al,8 jz NoVRT ;wait until Verticle Retrace Ends call DrawBox mov ah,2 mov bx,0 mov dx,0 int 10h ;set cursor pos to (dl,dh) on page BX mov ah,9 mov dx,offset AngleMsg int 21h mov al,[Angle.B] clc ;says print it unsigned call PrintByte mov ah,2 mov bx,0 mov dx,0014h int 10h ;set cursor pos to (dl,dh) on page BX mov ah,9 mov dx,offset AngleVelMsg int 21h mov al,[AngleVel] stc ;says print it signed call PrintByte mov ah,1 int 16h ;has a key been pressed? Z flag is set if not jz BoxLoop mov ah,0 ;a key has been pressed, int 16h ; get it in AX (al= ascii, ah=scan code) cmp al,27 ;was it the ESCAPE key? je ByeBye ;Yup, take off cmp al,"+" ;increases angle velocity jne NotPlus inc [AngleVel] jmp SHORT BoxLoop NotPlus: cmp al,"-" ;decreases angle velocity jne NotMinus dec [AngleVel] jmp SHORT BoxLoop NotMinus: cmp al," " ;will reset the angle velocity to Zero jne NotSpace mov [AngleVel],0 jmp BoxLoop NotSpace: cmp al,13 ;will reset the angle to zero jne NotEnter mov [Angle.W],0 jmp BoxLoop NotEnter: jmp BoxLoop ByeBye: mov ax,0003h ;set 80x25x16 text int 10h mov ax,4c00h ;return control to DOS int 21h END START