Ref: 99960051 Title: ESD Rel.Note:SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Ver.3.0 Part #:86-01-8-00 Rev.03 date: 03-20-89 Copyright 3Com Corporation, 1991. All rights reserved. 3Com Corporation Page 1 Software Release SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 March 20, 1989 Part Number: 86-0108-00 Revision 03 TO: CS/1 Users FROM: 3Com Corporation SUBJECT: SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 DATE: March 20, 1989 Enclosed is a distribution diskette containing SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 (Part Num ber: 83-0042-02). This software runs on a CS/1 that is equipped with an MCPU board and booted from an NCS/AT. This release memo describes the procedure for installing SW/1TCP- NCS/AT on the NCS/AT and the compatibility requirements of the software. It also describes the new fea tures, fixed bugs, limitations, and known problems in this version of SW/1-TCPNCS /AT. ** NOTE ** 3Com changed its software version numbering scheme in early 1989. Instead of using a five-digit number, such as 20060, 3Com now uses two- or three-digit numbers, such as 2.2 and 2.21. Higher version numbers represent more recent releases. For example, 2.21 is more recent than 2.2, 2.2 is more recent than 20060, and 20060 is more recent than 20000. Compatibility SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 operates with the following products and software releases: CS/1 running SW/1-TCP Version 20000 or later CS/1 running SW/20-TCP Version 3.0 or later CS/50 running SW/50-TCP Version 3.0 or later IB/3 running SW/20-IB Version 11000 or later NCS/2 running SW/2-NCS Version 2.0 or later NCS/AT running SW/AT-NCS Version 2.0 or later CS/200 running SW/200-TCP Version 20000 or later CS/210 running SW/200-TCP-CS/210 Version 3.0 or later CS/100 running SW/100-TCP Version 3.0 or later Personal computer running SW/1-PCS Version 20000 or later Table 1 illustrates the hardware and firmware compatibility requirements of SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0: Table 1 Hardware/Firmware Compatibility For SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Product Firmware SIO-8 MCPU EC/1 or EC/2 IBC/M TRC/M CS/1 M0 ASYN 15A M1 MMON M0EDL1 4B M0 EDL2 00A N/A N/A M0 ASYN 17B 01B or later, or M1IECM 01F or later CS/1-TR M0 ASYN 15A M1 MMON N/A N/A N/A No PROMS M0 ASYN 17B01K or later CS/1-B M0 ASYN 15A M1 MMON N/A N/A M2 IBCM N/A M0 ASYN 17B01G or later 00E or later Hardware and Firmware Requirements of SIO-16 Boards The following requirements must be met if your CS/1 running SW/1TCP- NCS/AT Version 3.0 is equipped with one or more SIO-16 boards: The M1 MMON PROM Rev. 01G or later is required on the MCPU board. An EC/2 with 512K memory, TRC/M, or IBC/M board must be installed on the CS/1. If the CS/1 is equipped with three or four SIO-16 boards, the MCPU board must be upgraded to 12 MHz. If it is equipped with one or two SIO-16 boards, a 10 MHz MCPU board can be used. The version number of SIO-16 software must be 11070 or later. ** NOTE ** You must press the Return key after you type each command described in this release memo. Refer to Chapter 3 of the TCP/IP Connection Service User's Guide for an explanation of the notation used in commands referenced in this release memo. Installation If you want to make a backup copy of the software, use the floppycopy utility on the NCS/AT. Also, you must use a blank, 48-TPI, double- sided, high-density diskette to make the copy. Because your CS/1 is booted from an NCS/AT, install SW/1-TCPNCS/AT Version 3.0 on the NCS/AT. Follow these steps to copy SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 from the distribution diskette to the NCS/AT disk: 1. Follow the instructions in the NCS/AT Installation Guide to log in to the NCS/AT. A command prompt (>) appears on the screen after you log in. 2. Before you load the new image, save the earlier version of SW/1- TCP-NCS/AT by typing: mv /BIN/cs1t /BIN/cs1.xxxxx In this example, "xxxxx" is the version number of an earlier version of SW/1-TCP- NCS/AT. 3. Insert the SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 diskette in the disk drive of the NCS/AT. 4. At the command prompt, type the following command: utility floppylist The system will list all the files included. The list should include the following: /usr/NCS/BIN/cs1t.3.0 - image /usr/NCS/BIN/cs1l - loader /usr/ncs/BIN/sgn/sgncs1t12 - sysgen /usr/ncs/local/cmacinstall /usr/ncs/local/cmacuninstall /usr/ncs/local/cmacsrcunpak /usr/ncs/local/cmacmkinstall /usr/NCS/BIN/sio16.11070 - sio16 driver /usr/NCS/BIN/sio16diags - sio16 diagnostics 5. At the command prompt, type the following command: utility floppyread 6. The floppyread utility copies the software from the SW/1TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 diskette to the NCS/AT disk. As the files are copied to the disk, their names are displayed. If floppy read errors or disk write errors occur, remove and replace the diskette; then repeat the procedure starting at step 3. If read or write errors continue to occur, or if other error messages appear, contact your network supplier or 3Com for help. 7. After the files have been successfully copied, the command prompt appears. Remove the distribution diskette from the disk drive. Binding your CS/1 to the NCS/AT Your CS/1 must be bound to the NCS/AT before it can boot from the NCS/AT. Follow these steps to bind your CS/1 to the NCS/AT using the new loaderfile option on the NCS/AT. If your server is already bound to the NCS/AT, start at step 1. Otherwise, skip to step 3. 1. Enter the UNBind command on the NCS/AT by typing: unb
where address is the Internet address of your server. This command removes your CS/1 from the list of servers bound to the NCS/AT. The system prompts you to indicate whether you wish to remove the client server's global parameter, Internet address, and configuration files from the NCS/AT disk. 2. Type "n" to answer no. 3. Enter the BInd command on the NCS/AT by typing: bi -f cs1t.3.0 -l cs1l [] This binds the CS/1 to the NCS/AT. In this command, "l" refers to the new loaderfile option and cs1l is the name of the loaderfile. If you do not specify the last argument, nports, the NCS/AT creates port configurations for the maximum number of ports on your Communications Server. New Features The following features, which were not available in SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 20000, have been implemented in SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0: Access control is available on the CS/1, but an NCS/AT running SW/AT- NCS Version 2.0 or an NCS/2 running SW/2-NCS Version 2.0 must be present to provide access control services. This NCS is called the security server. To use access control, you must specify the address of the security server on the CS/1, so that when a user attempts to log in, the appropriate NCS is used to determine whether this user is allowed to access the network. The Sysgen program now includes Access Control Parameters and Remote Access Parameters to support access control on your CS/1. Refer to the Sysgen section in this release memo for a description of these parameters. Before you boot the CS/1 with Version 3.0 for the first time, use the Sysgen program to open the Access Control menu. Set the Security Server Address parameter to the address of the NCS acting as the security server. Then boot the CS/1. If you later want to change the security server address, you can either run the Sysgen program again, or use the SETDefault command to modify the SECurityServerAddress parameter. When the CS/1 is rebooted, the CS/1 uses the NCS specified by the parameter as the security server. If the SECurityServer- Address parameter is different from the Security Server Address parameter in Sysgen, the one that was changed last before rebooting is used. The network manager maintains the access control database on the NCS. Refer to the appropriate NCS operation guide for information on maintaining the database and on the new utilities that have been provided on the NCS for this purpose. In addition, the following access control parameters and commands have been implemented at local network manager privilege level in SW/1-TCP-NCS/2 Version 3.0: The DefaultLoginName parameter specifies the default user login name assigned to a port. This default user name should be defined along with other users in the access control database on the NCS. Before you can set the DefaultLoginName parameter, you must set the TermPortDefLogin parameter in Sysgen. The SECurityServerAddress parameter specifies the Internet address of the NCS, which provides user authentication during login, and network access control services. If no address is assigned, the address of the server's File Server is used. The SHow InternetServers command also shows the address of the Security Server on servers that use access control. The SHow LOgins command shows the name of the user logged in to each port on a Communications Server. The user name is displayed whether the login is done by a user or by automatic default login. The access control service is transparent to net work users except for the following steps: - A user enters a user name and password before attempting to establish a connection to a resource. The user name is entered at the "NetworkLogin:" prompt, which appears on the screen when the terminal is first powered on, and the password at the "Password:" prompt. The PassWord command allows a user to change his or her password. - A user enters the LOgout command when disconnecting from the network. This command disconnects all sessions and prevents unauthorized access to resources on the network. Both user names and passwords are maintained in the access control database on the NCS. - If a user tries to connect to a resource to which he or she does not have authorized access, the following error message is displayed: Access to Resources denied A new parameter, # of keep alive packets, has been added to the TCP Parameters Menu in Sysgen. This parameter determines the number of keep alive packets transmitted before a connection is terminated. The possible values of this parameter are from 0 through 10 (hexadecimal) and the default value is 0. The interval between transmission of keep alive packets is from 45 to 60 seconds. For example, if this parameter is set to 8, the connection is terminated after eight keep alive packets have been sent. When this parameter is set to 0, the connection is maintained indefinitely. Another new parameter, maximum window size, has been added to the TCP Parameters Menu in Sysgen. The maximum window size parameter enables you to change the window size for transmission and reception. The default window size is 1,024 bytes. This parameter can be set to hexadecimal values from 1 to 400. A new set of audit trail messages has been implemented for Communications Servers that use access control. The audit trail record codes, IX for ICMP transmitted and IR for ICMP received, now display more information to aid in network fault analysis. Refer to the NCS/AT Operation Guide for a description of the revised audit trail messages and record codes. Additional features have been provided to support Hewlett Packard devices. These include default parameter settings, context-sensitive flow-control, and spare XON forwarding. The SHow SESsion command has a new option, M. This option displays the Internet address and the TCP port number on the destination side of a connection. The new syntax for the SHow SESsion command is as follows: SHow (!) SESsion M For example, if you enter this command: sh (!1) ses m the screen display generated is similar to the following: CONCTD from 192.9.205.071:099:006 This display shows that the host server is connected from port 6 of a Communications Server with the address of 192.9.205.071. The number immediately following the Internet address ("099" in this example) can be disregarded. This feature only works if the destination server is a Communications Server manufactured by 3Com. In accordance with the TCP/IP implementation of the Berkeley release 4.3 of the UNIX operating system, this version has implemented retransmission and round- trip algorithms, delayed acknowledgements, superior silly-window avoidance behavior, and improved timer handling and disconnection procedures. The effects of these implementations include higher data throughput and more reliable connections. When entering commands in remote mode, the response timeout period has been increased from 12 to 28 seconds. This is particularly useful for Communications Servers that are booted from an NCS/2, which often requires a response time of more than 12 seconds. The LongBReakAction parameter is now available for both host and terminal ports. Previously, this parameter could not be set for host ports. For more information on this parameter, refer to the TCP/IP Connection Service User's Guide. Sysgen Changes Two new options, Access Control Parameters and Remote Access Parameters, have been added to the Module Select Menu in Sysgen. The following is the new Module Select Menu: Module Select Menu 1. Kernel Parameters 2. Data Link Parameters 3. IP Parameters 4. TCP Parameters 5. User Interface Parameters 6. Virtual Terminal Parameters 7. Statistics Monitoring Parameters 8. Service Listener Port List 9. Access Control Parameters A. Remote Access Parameters (ESC to return to main menu) Select module: Access Control Parameters Select 9 from the Module Select Menu to display the Access Control Parameters Menu. The following menu is displayed: Access Control Parameters Parameter Current Value 1. Acs Ctl Enable(0=Dis, 1=Ena) 0x0 2. TermPortDefLogin (`-` disabled, `*` enabled, restricted) (ESC to return to previous menu) Enter selection: Type "1" at the "Enter Selection:" prompt to enable access control. Enabling access control restricts access to the resources on your network and prevents unauthorized access to the network and network resources. Access control is disabled by default. Type "2" at the "Enter Selection:" prompt to set the TermPortDefLogin parameter. This pa rameter allows automatic user default logins on terminal ports of a Communications Server. If this parameter is set to disabled, ("-") which is the default value, no default logins are allowed on terminal ports. The user must type in the password and the username. If the SETD DefaultLoginName command is entered on a terminal port after this parameter has been disabled, the system responds with the following message: Terminal Port Default Login disabled If the TermPortDefLogin parameter is set to enabled "*", the global network manager can define any name as an automatic default login name for a terminal port with the SETDefault DefaultLoginName command. Once the default login name is defined for a terminal port, the user must either use the Listen command on the port before the automatic login can take place or reboot the server so that both host and terminal ports that have a default login name defined automatically log in. The network manager must ensure that for each default login name there is an entry in the access control database on the NCS. The value " restricted" specifies a name in Sysgen that must be used for automatic user default login on terminal ports. For example, type "ZZZ" to specify the name "ZZZ" as the default user login name. After the name has been specified in Sysgen, the global network must use the SETDefault DefaultLoginName command to define this name, and only this name, as the default user login name for that terminal port. The sysgenned name must always be used when setting up automatic default logins for terminal ports. After you define the automatic default login name, you must enter the Listen command or reboot the server so that the login can take place. If you try to set the DefaultLoginName parameter to any other value besides the sysgenned name, the following message is displayed: Terminal port default login restricted to name: This option allows the user to have transparent logins by defining just one username in the NCS database as opposed to defining individual names. This is useful on large networks. Use the SHow DefaultLoginName command to display both host and terminal default login names. Remote Access Parameters The remote access parameters allow you to specify the addresses of devices that can access your Communications Server with the REMOTE command. You can allow all devices, a group of devices, or individual devices to have remote access. Select A from the Module Select Menu to display the Remote Access Parameters Menu: Remote Access Parameters 1. Access Level (Any device) 2. Enter Device Addr here (ESC to return to previous menu) Enter selection: The Access Level parameter allows you to choose from the following groups of devices that may have remote access to your Communications Server. The address list consists of individual device addresses defined by the Enter Device Addr Here option on the Remote Access Parameters Menu: Select item 1 from the Remote Access parameters to set this parameter. The screen prompts: (ESC to return to previous menu) Enter selection: 1 Choose 0(any), 1(address list), 2(also subnet) or 3(also network): - Select 0 to enable any devices on the network to access the Communications Server. This is the default value. - Select 1 to allow only those hosts listed in the address list of the Remote Access Parameters menu to access the Communications Server. - Select 2 to allow all devices specified in the address list and all devices on the local subnetwork to remote into the Communications Server. - Select 3 to allow all devices specified in the address list and all devices on the local network to access the Communications Server. Select item 2, Enter Device Addr here, to create the address list. The system displays the following: Enter an IP address: If you enter a valid Internet address, the new address and the value of the access level parameter appear on the screen and you are prompted to add the next address. For example, if you enter the valid Internet address 192.9.200.34, the following is displayed: Remote Access Parameters 1. Access Level Address List 2. Device IP addr 1 192.9.200.34 3. Enter Device Addr here (ESC to return to previous menu) Enter selection: The address list can contain up to three addresses. The system automatically numbers and lists the device addresses as you enter addresses. For example, if you define three addresses, the screen display will be similar to the following: 1. Access Level Specified Addresses 2. Device IP addr 1 192.9.200.45 3. Device IP addr 2 192.9.201.33 4. Device IP addr 3 192.9.201.22 In this example, the address list consists of the three addresses. To delete a device address from the address field, select option 2, 3, or 4 and then enter 0.0.0.0 or x in the address field. To deny access to all devices on the network, set the access level parameter to "address list" and check that there are no entries in the address list. Bugs Fixed Certain problems, which existed in previous versions of SW/1-TCP- NCS/AT have been solved in SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0. These problems and their resolutions are de scribed below. If you attempt to save default port parameters in a non-numbered file and you do not have global network manager privilege level, the system now displays the error message "Insufficient privilege" after you enter the SAve command. Previously, this message or the system prompt was not displayed until you pressed the Break key. Only a global network manager can save default port parameters in a non-numbered file. The Domain name resolver no longer attempts to search infinitely for a canonical name when two canonical names that are aliases for each other have been defined by error in the Domain name server database, and you specify one of these names with the Connect or SHow NAme command. Previously, you had to reboot the server to terminate this infinite loop. Previously, if you entered the command, SH NAmes or SH NAmes *, the Domain name server failed to respond and the system crashed after the timeout period had expired. These commands are no longer valid so you must specify a name. If you attempt to issue these commands without specifying a name, the following error message appears: can only show unique Domain names You can now establish interconnections properly. Previously, when certain interconnections were requested, the system crashed. You can now specify the local broadcast address when you enter the global network manager form of the Broadcast command without disrupting the network. Previously, this command caused extremely heavy traffic on the network. The SHow LinePRotocol command now displays correct information. Previously, it always showed the value of the LinePRotocol parameter as BYTEsynchronous. Also, you can no longer change the value of this parameter with the SETD command. You can now simultaneously run three or more recursive macros that contain Connect or DisConnect commands. Previously, the system crashed within three hours of invoking the macros. Setting the NetAscii parameter of a port to UseNul no longer causes spurious ^A characters to be inserted in the data stream sent to that port. The CS/1 now consistently passes special characters, for example, , as data. Previously, it often failed to do this in incoming connections, and processed them instead. When the DataForward parameter is set as the result of an echo negotiation by a destination server using the Telnet protocol, it no longer automatically changes to None after the echo has been negotiated. An error, which caused the Domain name resolver to fail to respond to inquiries under certain circumstances, has been corrected. This version attempts to establish connections to permanent circuits (PVCs) according to the order in which the connection requests are received. Previously, priority was always given to the attempt to connect to the lowest numbered PVC. Also, you can successfully establish more than one PVC. Previously, you could not reliably do this. Domain name requests are sent to the NCS address specified by the FileServer- Address parameter if both the PrimaryNS and SecondaryNS parameters are not defined. Previously, no alternate address was available to respond to these requests. Network errors are now recorded in the audit trail record with the code "NE." Previously, they were coded as "EE." The boot time displayed by the SHow VERsion command now displays the actual boot time. Previously, the time was computed. Previously, you could not perform certain file transfer tasks if, after establishing a connection, you disabled the ECM character with the following command: SET ECMchar = disabled For example, if you attempted to transfer files from a personal computer, setting this parameter sometimes caused data loss. This resulted in failure of the file transfer. This problem has been corrected. The session number field in the audit trail messages coded CD and DC has been replaced by a four-digit field which indicates the TCP port number. Previously the session number field always displayed 0, regardless of the session number. You can no longer assign an Internet address beginning with 127 to a Communications Server or a port. This number is reserved for loopback according to the TCP/IP protocol implementation. Existing addresses which start with 127 must be reassigned. If you attempt to assign an Internet address beginning with 127, the following error message is displayed: Address cannot be broadcast at loopback. When forwarding data, the Telnet code now removes the ASCII control character NUL when it follows the control character CR. Previously, it failed to do this, which caused problems when Telnet was used in conjunction with the Berkeley 4.3 release of the UNIX operating system. When two Communications Servers on the network have the same Internet address, you can now issue commands from a source server that specify the source server as the destination. Previously, for example, if ServerA and ServerB had the same Internet address and you issued the PIng command from ServerA, ServerB was pinged instead of ServerA. A problem with the Domain name resolver, which arose on Communications Servers on which the maximum number of sessions was being held, has been corrected. Previously, for example, if a CS/1 had the maximum number of sessions, and you entered the Name or Connect command, the Domain name resolver did not respond and the following error message was displayed: No memory resource Even if the number of sessions was reduced, the Domain name resolver still did not respond. The system no longer crashes if you perform the following sequence of steps: - Enter the Connect command - Enter the ECM character to escape to command mode - Set the BReakAction parameter to Ignore and the BReakChar parameter to ^C - Resume the session - Hold the Control and C keys down simultaneously Limitations Version 3.0 has the following limitations: If you have an EC/2 board with only 256 kilobytes of RAM, then you can only have 33 sessions with four SIO-16 boards. You can change the virtual port configurations with the SETDefault command only on the first virtual port on your Communications Server. If you attempt to change other virtual port configurations with this command, the following error message is displayed: Portid out of range Also, if you change the configurations for the first virtual port, you must enter the ReaD command before the changes can take effect. These changes take effect on all virtual ports. You cannot execute commands that specify the Internet address of a destination server port number that is the same as the address of the destination server itself. For example, if the port number address 129.213.1.1 is defined on a server with the same address and you enter the following command: Listen 129.213.1.1 the following error message is displayed: Invalid remote command Known Problems SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0 has the following known problems: When using the IEN116 Name Server, the command SHow () VERSion does not function correctly if is defined on a secondary name server but not on a primary name server. A CS/1 that uses access control normally performs a default login on a host or terminal port. However, if you add a port to a rotary, you must use the Listen command on the rotary for it to be able to accept an incoming connection on the newly added port. A CS/1 with an EC/1 board can support only 31 sessions. If a terminal port is configured for automatic default login, it may take up to ten seconds after the server has booted before the automatic login takes place. If you press any key on the terminal keyboard during this time, the server sometimes fails to perform an automatic login and the "Network Login:" prompt appears. If this occurs, wait until the login times out and the screen displays the @ sign. The automatic default login then takes place on the terminal port. To avoid this problem, wait for ten seconds after the Boot State LED on the server goes off before using the keyboard if your terminal port has been configured for automatic default login. Documentation The following manuals are shipped with SW/1-TCP-NCS/AT Version 3.0: TCP/IP Connection Service User's Guide (3/89) (Part Number: 09-0173-00) Network Management Guide (9/87) (Part Number: 09-0067-02) Getting Started Guide (2/87) (Part Number: 09-0043-01) Configuration Guide (2/88) (Part Number: 09-0093-01) TCP/IP Connection Service Quick Reference Guide (3/89) (Part Number: 09-0165-00) For more information on network planning, refer to the following: NCS/AT Installation Guide (4/89) (Part Number: 09-0157-00) NCS/AT Operation Guide (4/89) (Part Number: 09-0169-00) LAN Planning Guide (2/88) (Part Number: 09-0085-01) If you have any questions, contact your network supplier or 3Com for help. Trademarks UNIX is a registered trademark of AT&T Bell Laboratories.