@node Geography (Senegal)
@section Geography (Senegal)

@display

Location:
  Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean between Guinea-Bissau and
  Mauritania
Map references:
  Africa, Standard Time Zones of the World
Area:
 total area:
  196,190 km2
 land area:
  192,000 km2
 comparative area:
  slightly smaller than South Dakota
Land boundaries:
  total 2,640 km, The Gambia 740 km, Guinea 330 km, Guinea-Bissau 338 km, Mali
  419 km, Mauritania 813 km
Coastline:
  531 km
Maritime claims:
 contiguous zone:
  24 nm
 continental shelf:
  200 nm or the edge of continental margin
 exclusive economic zone:
  200 nm
 territorial sea:
  12 nm
International disputes:
  short section of the boundary with The Gambia is indefinite; the
  International Court of Justice (ICJ) on 12 November 1991 rendered its
  decision on the Guinea-Bissau/Senegal maritime boundary in favor of Senegal
  - that decision has been rejected by Guinea-Bissau; boundary with Mauritania
Climate:
  tropical; hot, humid; rainy season (December to April) has strong southeast
  winds; dry season (May to November) dominated by hot, dry harmattan wind
Terrain:
  generally low, rolling, plains rising to foothills in southeast
Natural resources:
  fish, phosphates, iron ore
Land use:
 arable land:
  27%
 permanent crops:
  0%
 meadows and pastures:
  30%
 forest and woodland:
  31%
 other:
  12%
Irrigated land:
  1,800 km2 (1989 est.)
Environment:
  lowlands seasonally flooded; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion;
  desertification
Note:
  The Gambia is almost an enclave



@end display

@node People (Senegal)
@section People (Senegal)

@display

Population:
  8,463,225 (July 1993 est.)
Population growth rate:
  3.1% (1993 est.)
Birth rate:
  43.42 births/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Death rate:
  12.38 deaths/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Net migration rate:
  0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1993 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
  77.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1993 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
 total population:
  56.01 years
 male:
  54.59 years
 female:
  57.48 years (1993 est.)
Total fertility rate:
  6.15 children born/woman (1993 est.)
Nationality:
 noun:
  Senegalese (singular and plural)
 adjective:
  Senegalese
Ethnic divisions:
  Wolof 36%, Fulani 17%, Serer 17%, Toucouleur 9%, Diola 9%, Mandingo 9%,
  European and Lebanese 1%, other 2%
Religions:
  Muslim 92%, indigenous beliefs 6%, Christian 2% (mostly Roman Catholic)
Languages:
  French (official), Wolof, Pulaar, Diola, Mandingo
Literacy:
  age 15 and over can read and write (1990)
 total population:
  38%
 male:
  52%
 female:
  25%
Labor force:
  2.509 million (77% are engaged in subsistence farming; 175,000 wage earners)
 by occupation:
  private sector 40%, government and parapublic 60%
 note:
  52% of population of working age (1985)



@end display

@node Government (Senegal)
@section Government (Senegal)

@display

Names:
 conventional long form:
  Republic of Senegal
 conventional short form:
  Senegal
 local long form:
  Republique du Senegal
 local short form:
  Senegal
Digraph:
  SG
Type:
  republic under multiparty democratic rule
Capital:
  Dakar
Administrative divisions:
  10 regions (regions, singular - region); Dakar, Diourbel, Fatick, Kaolack,
  Kolda, Louga, Saint-Louis, Tambacounda, Thies, Ziguinchor
Independence:
  20 August 1960 (from France; The Gambia and Senegal signed an agreement on
  12 December 1981 that called for the creation of a loose confederation to be
  known as Senegambia, but the agreement was dissolved on 30 September 1989)
Constitution:
  3 March 1963, last revised in 1991
Legal system:
  based on French civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts in
  Supreme Court, which also audits the government's accounting office; has not
  accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
National holiday:
  Independence Day, 4 April (1960)
Political parties and leaders:
  Socialist Party (PS), President Abdou DIOUF; Senegalese Democratic Party
  (PDS), Abdoulaye WADE; 13 other small uninfluential parties
Other political or pressure groups:
  students; teachers; labor; Muslim Brotherhoods
Suffrage:
  18 years of age; universal
Elections:
 President:
  last held 21 February 1993 (next to be held NA); results - Abdou DIOUF (PS)
  58.4%, Abdoulaye WADE (PDS) 32.03%, other 9.57%
 National Assembly:
  last held 28 February 1988 (next to be held NA May 1993); results - PS 71%,
  PDS 25%, other 4%; seats - (120 total) PS 103, PDS 17
Executive branch:
  president, prime minister, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
Legislative branch:
  unicameral National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale)
Judicial branch:
  Supreme Court (Cour Supreme)
Leaders:
 Chief of State:
  President Abdou DIOUF (since 1 January 1981)
 Head of Government:
  Prime Minister Habib THIAM (since 7 April 1991)



@end display

@node Government (Senegal 2. usage)
@section Government (Senegal 2. usage)

@display

Member of:
  ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEAO, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-15, G-77, GATT, IAEA,
  IBRD, ICAO, ICC, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL,
  IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, PCA,
  UN, UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNTAC, UPU, WADB, WCL, WFTU,
  WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in US:
 chief of mission:
  Ambassador Ibra Deguene KA
 chancery:
  2112 Wyoming Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
 telephone:
  (202) 234-0540 or 0541
US diplomatic representation:
 chief of mission:
  (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Robert J. KOTT
 embassy:
  Avenue Jean XXIII at the corner of Avenue Kleber, Dakar
 mailing address:
  B. P. 49, Dakar
 telephone:
  [221] 23-42-96 or 23-34-24
 FAX:
  [221] 22-29-91
Flag:
  three equal vertical bands of green (hoist side), yellow, and red with a
  small green five-pointed star centered in the yellow band; uses the popular
  pan-African colors of Ethiopia



@end display

@node Economy (Senegal)
@section Economy (Senegal)

@display

Overview:
  The agricultural sector accounts for about 12% of GDP and provides
  employment for about 80% of the labor force. About 40% of the total
  cultivated land is used to grow peanuts, an important export crop. Another
  principal economic resource is fishing, which brought in about 23% of total
  foreign exchange earnings in 1990. Mining is dominated by the extraction of
  phosphate, but production has faltered because of reduced worldwide demand
  for fertilizers in recent years. Over the past 10 years tourism has become
  increasingly important to the economy.
National product:
  GDP - exchange rate conversion - $5.4 billion (1991 est.)
National product real growth rate:
  1.2% (1991 est.)
National product per capita:
  $780 (1991 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
  2% (1990)
Unemployment rate:
  NA%
Budget:
  revenues $921 million; expenditures $1,024 million; including capital
  expenditures of $14 million (FY89 est.)
Exports:
  $904 million (f.o.b., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  manufactures 30%, fish products 23%, peanuts 12%, petroleum products 16%,
  phosphates 9%
 partners:
  France, other EC members, Mali, Cote d'Ivoire, India
Imports:
  $1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1991 est.)
 commodities:
  semimanufactures 30%, food 27%, durable consumer goods 17%, petroleum 12%,
  capital goods 14%
 partners:
  France, other EC, Cote d'Ivoire, Nigeria, Algeria, China, Japan
External debt:
  $2.9 billion (1990)
Industrial production:
  growth rate 4.7% (1989); accounts for 15% of GDP
Electricity:
  215,000 kW capacity; 760 million kWh produced, 100 kWh per capita (1991)
Industries:
  agricultural and fish processing, phosphate mining, petroleum refining,
  building materials
Agriculture:
  major products - peanuts (cash crop), millet, corn, sorghum, rice, cotton,
  tomatoes, green vegetables; estimated two-thirds self-sufficient in food;
  fish catch of 354,000 metric tons in 1990
Illicit drugs:
  increasingly active as a transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin
  moving to Europe and North America
Economic aid:
  US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-89), $551 million; Western (non-US)
  countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-89), $5.23 billion; OPEC
  bilateral aid (1979-89), $589 million; Communist countries (1970-89), $295
  million
Currency:
  1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes



@end display

@node Economy (Senegal 2. usage)
@section Economy (Senegal 2. usage)

@display

Exchange rates:
  Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 274.06 (January
  1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26 (1990), 319.01 (1989), 297.85
  (1988)
Fiscal year:
  1 July - 30 June; in January 1993, Senegal will switch to a calendar year



@end display

@node Communications (Senegal)
@section Communications (Senegal)

@display

Railroads:
  1,034 km 1.000-meter gauge; all single track except 70 km double track Dakar
  to Thies
Highways:
  14,007 km total; 3,777 km paved, 10,230 km laterite or improved earth
Inland waterways:
  897 km total; 785 km on the Senegal, 112 km on the Saloum
Ports:
  Dakar, Kaolack, Foundiougne, Ziguinchor
Merchant marine:
  1 bulk ship (1,000 GRT and over) totaling 1,995 GRT/3,775 DWT
Airports:
 total:
  25
 usable:
  19
 with permanent-surface runways:
  10
 with runways over 3,659 m:
  0
 with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
  1
 with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
  15
Telecommunications:
  above-average urban system, using microwave and cable; broadcast stations -
  8 AM, no FM, 1 TV; 3 submarine cables; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth
  station



@end display

@node Defense Forces (Senegal)
@section Defense Forces (Senegal)

@display

Branches:
  Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie, National Police
Manpower availability:
  males age 15-49 1,882,551; fit for military service 983,137; reach military
  age (18) annually 91,747 (1993 est.)
Defense expenditures:
  exchange rate conversion - $100 million, 2% of GDP (1989 est.)



@end display