INTRODUCING SCRIBBLE! GENERAL INFORMATION Welcome to the SCRIBBLE! User's manual. Our goal with this document is to get you acquainted with some basic wordprocessing concepts, and then show you how to use SCRIBBLE! as an effective writing tool. This manual is divided into three parts. Part 1, the SCRIBBLE! Tutorial, introduces you to basic word processing concepts. Part 2, the SCRIBBLE! Overview, gives you a bird's-eye view of the program and what its capabilities are. Part 3, the SCRIBBLE! Reference Guide, discusses each of the menu commands and the warious keyboard command sequences. If you're new to word processing take the time to read through the Tutorial. The whole reason it's there is to help you get familiar with things like word wrap and text justification (two famous word processing buzz words). As a matter of fact, many concepts are explained in here that the Overview and Reference Guide will assume you already know. More experienced users will find that they can start with SCRIBBLE! Overview and learn what they need to know in order to run the program correctly. The Reference Guide is designed to explain the various menu items in SCRIBBLE!, one command at a time. When you get stuck using one specific menu item, this would likely be a good place to turn. But, first things first. Let's make a duplicate copy of the master kisdette, and file the original away for safekeeping. MAKING A DUPLICATE COPY OF THE MASTER DISKETTE The disk that we delivered SCRIBBLE! to you on is a copy of Workbench 1.1. This means that you can use this disk to boot up the Amiga when it asks for the Workbench diskette. As a matter of fact, we suggest this as a good course of operation. You see, SCRIBBLE! has only been tested with Workbench version 1.1, and this is the version we give you with the disk. Since we're not sure that is will run on any other releases, it is a good idea to boot from our disk so that you have the proper environment for SCRIBBLE!. Kickstart version 1.1 or 1.2 will work, 1.2 works better. For the SCRIBBLE! dictionary to work correctly, Guam Amiga users should boot SCRIBBLE! in place of workbench. SCRIBBLE! is NOT copy-protected in any manner, in keeping with the policy of Micro-Systems Software, Inc. We fimrly believe that quality software sold at reasonable prices is the best insurance againt piracy (unabashed plug!). Because of this lack of copy protection, you can make a duplicate copy of the master diskette with the standard DiskCopy program. iv NOTE: The following information tells you how to make a duplicate copy of the SCRIBBLE! diskette using Workbench. If you want to do this from CLI, use the DiskCopy utility program as described in the AmigaDOS User's Manual (CBM Product Number 327624). DUPLICATING SCRIBBLE1 WITH ONE DRIVE Boot up the SCRIBBLE! diskette and wait until the Workbench screen appears. Select the icon of the SCRIBBLE! disk by pointing at it with the mouse and clicking the left mouse button. (The icon should change color). Press and hold the right mouse button. A menu will appear along the top of the screen. While continuing to hold the right mouse button, point at the first word in the menu, "Workbench". A pull-down menu will appear. Move the mouse pointer donw until the word "Dpulicate" is highlighted and release the right mouse button. NOTE: Some master diskettes were named "Workbench" instead of "SCRIBBLE!". If the message you see is just like the one above, except that it has Workbench where we have SCRIBBLE!, everything is fine. Proceed along. Since your SCRIBBLE! disk is already in drive 0, select "Continue. DiskCopy will begin reading tracks and when memory is full. Wait until the red light on the disk drive goes out and replace the SCRIBBLE! diskette with the disk you want to use for your duplicate copy (it can be blank or previously formatted, it doesn't matter). Select "Continue" and DiskCopy will write the tracks it just read. This procedure wil continue, one disk after the other, until the SCRIBBLE! disk is duplicated. File the master away in a safe place and re-boot the Amiga using the duplicate copy. NOTE: The new diskette will be named "copy of SCRIBBLE!" or "copy of Workbench", depending upon the name of the original. If you want to change this, just select the disk's icon as you did before and display the Workbench menu again. Instead of selecting Dplicate however, you'll select Rename. A prompt will appear that will let you edit the name of the disk to something shorter. You may even want to make two or three duplicate copies in this manner, to safeguard against losing all of your diskettes containing SCRIBBLE!. DUPLICATING SCRIBBLE! WITH TWO DRIVES Boot up the SCRIBBLE! diskette and wait until the Workbench screen appears. Load the disk you wish to use for your duplicate copy into drive 1. It doesn't matter whether this disk is already formatted or not. Point at the icon of SCRIBBLE! disk with the mouse, press and hold the left mouse button. The icon should change color and the mouse pointer should now appear as a circle with an "X" in the middle. Move the mouse pointer until it is over the icon for the disk you will use for the duplicate copy. Release the mouse pointer, and after a few seconds, a message appears: Put SCRIBBLE! ( TO disk ) in drive 0 Put DESTINATION Disk ( TO disk ) in drive 1) Continue Cancell NOTE: Some master diskettes were named "Workbench" instead of "SCRIBBLE!". If the message you see is just like the one above, except that it has Workbench where we have SCRIBBLE!, everything is fine. Proceed along. Since you SCRIBBLE! disk is already in drive 0 and your destination disk is already in drive 1, select "Continue". DiskCopy will begin reading and writing tracks. When it is done, your copy will be complete. File your master diskette away in a safe place and reSCRIBBLE!boot your Amiga using the duplicate. NOTE: The new diskette will be named "copy of SCRIBBLE!" or "copy of Workbench", depending upon the name of the original. If you want to change this, just select the disk's icon as you did before and display the Workbench menu again. Instead of selecting Dplicate however, you'll select Rename. A prompt will appear that will let you edit the name of the disk to something shorter. You may even want to make two or three duplicate copies in this manner, to safeguard against losing all of your diskettes containing SCRIBBLE!. STARTING THE PROGRAM If you are running SCRIBBLE! from the Workbench, all you need to do in order to get the program running is double-click the left mouse button while you are pointing to the SCRIBBLE! icon. Should you decide to run SCRIBBLE! from CLI, instead of Workbench, the procedure is equally simple. Type the name of the program "SCRIBBLE!" (MINUS THE QUOTES), and press the RETURN. Later you can rename this to something shorter, if you like. Either way you choose to start the program, the end result is the same. SCRIBBLE! will power up and present you with a blank screen containing a colored block in the upper left hand corner. ix This is what's called an "edit window", because here is where you will enter and edit your text. More specifically, this initial window is your "primary edit window". You see, SCRIBBLE! is capable of having more than one window on the display at the same time. Using this you can edit more than one document at a time (this will be discussed in more detail later). Once this initial window is open, you are ready to begin entering the text of your document x INTRODUCTION TO SCRIBBLE! General Information iii Making a Duplicate Copy of the Master Disk iv Duplicating SCRIBBLE! with One Drive v Duplicating SCRIBBLE! with Two Drives vii Starting the Program ix PART I: THE SCRIBBLE! TUTORIAL Introduction 1-1 Phase 1: Writing a Document 1-3 Methods of Text Entry: Insert vs Overwrite 1-7 The "Insert" Mode 1-7 The "Overwrite" Mode 1-8 What if You Make a Mistake While Writing? 1-8 Moving the Cursor with the Keyboard 1-11 Shift (S) and ALT (A) Keystrokes 1-12 Moving the Cursor Around Your Document with the Mouse 1-13 Using the SCRIBBLE! Status Window 1-17 Phase 2: Storing a Document 1-19 Create a Document 1-23 Verifying Your Work 1-27 Phase 3: Editing a Document 1-28 Centering a Line of Text 1-29 Styling Your Text 1-30 Styling Text Without Using the Mouse 1-32 xi Multiple Styles and Removing Styles 1-33 A Quick Way to Save Your Editing Changes to Disk 1-35 Phase 4: Printing Your Document 1-36 Exiting the Program 1-38 Conclusion 1-39 PART 2: THE SCRIBBLE! OVERVIEW Introduction 2-1 Two Steps to a Finished Document 2-2 Writing a Document 2-3 Printing a Document 2-8 Archiving Document Files 2-9 Archiving Non-Document Files 2-10 Checking the Status of SCRIBBLE! Defaults 2-10 Erasing a Document From the Screen 2-11 Getting a Document From Archive 2-12 Leaving SCRIBBLE! (Quit) 2-13 Changing Your Default Values 2-13 Text Justification 2-14 Line Length and Horizontal Scrolling 2-16 Setting Tabs 2-17 Display Colors 2-17 Setting Up the Default Page Size 2-17 Carriage Returns, Line Feeds, and Other Formats 2-19 Changing Words and Phrases Throughout a Document 2-20 Uses for Search and Replace 2-22 Block Operations: Cut, Copy, Paste 2-22 Styling Your Text 2-25 xii The Editor's Tool Box 2-26 Printing Out Your Documents and Format Lines 2-28 Imbedding Special Printer Control Commands 2-29 What to Do if Your Printer is NOT in Preferences 2-34 Format Lines for Complete Printer Control 2-35 Header and Footer Formats 2-40 Page Layout 2-40 Conclusion 2-41 PART 3: THE SCRIBBLE! REFERENCE GUIDE Introduction 3-1 The Project Menu 3-1 Project Archive 3-2 Project Status 3-5 Project Erase 3-7 Project Open 3-7 Project Close 3-9 Project Quit 3-10 The Default Menu 3-11 Default Archive 3-12 Default Justify 3-15 Default Line-Length 3-16 Default Tabs 3-18 Default Ink 3-19 Default Paper 3-20 Default Print 3-20 Default Format 3-23 The Text Menu 3-25 xiii Text Edit 3-26 Text Search 3-27 Text Replace 3-29 Text Copy 3-32 Text Cut 3-34 Text Paste 3-35 Text Style 3-36 The Print Menu 3-39 Print Preview 3-39 Print Linefeed 3-42 Print Go 3-42 Print Forward 3-45 Print Copies 3-46 Print Number 3-46 Print Spacing 3-47 Print Sheet 3-48 xiv PART 1 - THE SCRIBBLE TUTORIAL - INTRODUCTION If you are already familiar with general word processing concepts, you may skip ahead to the SCRIBBLE Overview. Much of the same information is covered there, but without as much step-by-step explanation, which may be just what you would like. Briefly, let's try and explain how word processors are meant to work. Word processing can be simplified into four stages: writing, storing, editing and printing. Printing your finished document is the end result, but it is almost secondary to the program. (Once you have begun printing, your interaction with SCRIBBLE! is over. It is only during the writing and editing of a document that you will actually be running the program.) Traditional writing involved taking out a pen and paper, or a typewriter, and beginning to put your ideas on paper. Later, once you had completed your writing, you would review the material, make any needed corrections, and produce another copy of the document. One problem with this method appears when the correction are the least bit expensive, and cause you to generate an extra paragraph or two. Now the entire document must be retyped from the point of the error forward. Even simple errors would mean the retyping of an entire page. 1-1 Word processing is similar in that you sit down at the computer keyboard and begin to write. However, instead of putting your ideas on paper, you store them in the computer's memory. Later, you can review the printed copy and make editing changes, exactly as you would with the older methods. But, once the editing changes are decided upon, it becomes a simple operation to reload into the computer's memory the document you created earlier, make the editing document you created earlier, making the editing changes, and print another copy. The amount of time saved will be enormous. Another area where mistakes can occur that is removed by word processing is transcription. This term refers to when the author of a piece writes it out by hand and has someone else type it up. Time and again writers lament the errors that were created during the transcription of their documents. If the document was originally typed into the word processor, error-free copies can be printed at will. And, aside from errors introduced by the author themselves, new mistakes will not crop up from repeated editing and printing. Word processors even help out with some of the common frustrations of business correspondence. You may think that because business letters don't often go through extensive periods of editing and reprinting, a word processor is not much of an improvement over a typewriter. Actually, however, this is not the case. A lot of times, you'll decide to change one word or sentence, or perhaps add a figure to a quotation. With 1-2 a typewriter, you must retype the entire letter. With the word processor, you simply load the document back into the computer's memory, make the change, and print another copy. The parts of the letter that did not change remain the same in the document and do need to be edited. Something else a word processor will help your business correspondence with is filing. In many offices, either carbon copies or photocopies need to be stored in filing cabinets. Finding a specific letter later can take a great deal of time. With a word processor, your original letters can be stored on disk, with one disk holding hundreds of letters (a great space savings over filing cabinets). And because SCRIBBLE! stores an optional comment with each document, reviewing them later to look for a specific item takes little time at all. Is you appetite whetted to get started? Good! Let's cover the four phases of word processing - writing, storing, printing and editing. PHASE 1: WRITING A DOCUMENT To begin writing a document, all you need to do is start the program and begin typing (see "Starting the Program" in the Preface). As you type, the characters appear on the computer's display. As they appear on the display, they are stored in the computer's memory. Later, you can store the document from the 1-3 computer's memory to the disk, for a more permanent record. NOTE: From this point on, it will probably be to your advantage to have SCRIBBLE! loaded into your Amiga so that you can try out what you're reading. For example, while reading the next paragraph, you can try typing a sentence to see what "word wrap" looks like). As you type, watch what happens when you approach the right hand margin of the display. Eventually, the word you are typing will no longer fit on the space remaining for that line, and SCRIBBLE! will move the partially typed word down to the next line, along with your cursor. This is called "word wrap", and is an important part of word processing. With a typewriter, you press RETURN on each line, deciding manually where each line would end. Some of the newer typewriters have the ability to store an entire line as you type it, and print the whole line when you press RETURN (as opposed to the more normal typewriter which prints each letter as you type it). One of the things this is used for is allowing the typewriter to print the line "justified" out to the right hand margin of the document. The final printed document ends up with "smooth" margins on both the left and right sides. 1-4 But you still make the judgement manually about where each line ends, and humans DO make mistakes. You may decide to end a line when, in reality, the next word you were going to type would have fit. The line resulting from this would have fewer words on it than could actually fit, which is wasting space. With a word processor, you simply type and let the program decide when to wrap the word down to the next line. This way, you are assured that as much text as WILL fit on a line, DOES fit. Also, since the line is not ended wit a carriage return, you can decide to alter your margins later and SCRIBBLE will reformat your text to match the new line length. Now, obviously you COULD press RETURN to manually end a line. And, as a matter of fact, you will. But only at the end of a paragraph or to create a blank line (a blank line in the text is what you get when you press RETURN while the cursor is in the first column of a line). And there is the special case of creating columnar reports or other tabular output, where you need to have a series of short lines with manual control over where they end. For example, in order to create the following table, I had to press RETURN at the end of each line. 1-5 WIDGETS SOLD PROFIT 100 $10.00 200 $17.00 500 $34.00 If your following along with us, you've probably already typed in some text to watch the word wrap work. Now try typing a couple of words and pressing RETURN. Do you see the paragraph marker appear where you pressed RETURN? This shows you that the line has been ended manually at that position. 1-6 METHODS OF TEXT ENTRY: INSERT VS OVERWRITE A very important element of writing with a word processor in the current "text entry mode". SCRIBBLE! offers two modes, Insert and Overwrite. Why two modes? Well, each affects the manner in which the program acts when you type while the cursor is positioned over some existing text. Most of you will probably gravitate toward linking one method or the other, and leave SCRIBBLE! in the mode 99% of the time. For specific applications, though, each has its own special advantages. Let's look at both of them. THE "INSERT" MODE When SCRIBBLE! is operating in the "Insert" mode, if you type while the cursor is positioned over some existing text, the new characters you type push the text underneath the cursor to the right and the new text is entered at the cursor position. If you should press the RETURN key, a carriage return is inserted into the text at the current cursor position without replacing the character the cursor was positioned over, and an insert line is opened in the text, where you may enter new text. You may toggle between the Insert and Overwrite modes by pressing ALT-I. When you are in the Insert mode, the letters "Ins" will appear in the status window at the bottom of the screen. The absence of these letters show that you are in the Overwrite mode. 1-7 THE "OVERWRITE" MODE In the "Overwrite" mode, however, if you were to type while the cursor is positioned over some existing text, the new characters will overwrite and replace the characters that are there currently. If you should press the RETURN key, a carriage return is inserted into the text at the current cursor position, replacing the character the cursor was positioned over, and an insert line is opened in the text, where you may enter new text. You may toggle between the Insert and Overwrite modes by pressing ALT-I. When you are in the Insert mode, the letters "Ins" will appear in the status window at the bottom of the screen. The absence of these letters show that you are in the Overwrite mode. I hope you can see the distinction between the Insert and Overwrite modes. Each has their place, and both are useful and necessary. You'll see how they work together as we discuss simple editing below. WHAT IF YOU MAKE A MISTAKE WHILE WRITING? There are two kinds of editing you will do with a word processor. We'll call the first "simple" editing. This happens when you are writing a document with your word processor and notice that you have mis-typed a word. The other, which we'll call "advanced" editing, involves special commands that can make text bold, or 1-8 underlined, or edit an entire document at one time. There will be more on advanced editing later. Much of the time, however, you'll catch you typos as you make them. Even those of us who stare intently at the keyboard while typing look up to review our documents eventually. Once you spot a mistake, the method you use to correct it depends on what kind of mistake it is and where it occurs. What are the most common type? *Typing double or extra characters. *Omitting a character or characters *Typing a wrong character. *Omitting a complete word or words. For example, let's say that you are typing a sentence and you mis-type the word "fellow" as "fellowa". All you need to do is backspace over the "a" at the end of the word (Typing the BACKSPACE key on the Amiga keyboard will tell SCRIBBLE! to move the cursor one position to the left and erase the character previously there.) Now let's say that you mis-type the word as "afellow". Backspacing now means that you would erase the entire word and have to retype it. Not very efficient for a space age item like word processing! No, what you do in this case is use the LEFT ARROW instead of the backspace key. This moves the cursor to the 1-9 left without erasing what it passes over. When the cursor is safely over the top of the extraneous "a" press the DEL key once. Now, use the RIGHT ARROW key to move back to where you were typing on the line and continue with your work. How about still another case? Let's day that you mis-type the word as "felow". In this case, you do not want to REMOVE a character, you want to INSERT one. In this case, you would engage the insert mode, if it is not already engaged, by typing ALT-I. Then move the cursor with the arrow keys until it is over the "l" in the misspelled word and type an additional "l". The rest of the word will bump over to make room for it, and you will be left with a perfect "fellow". Obviously, inserting more than a few characters in this manner can become slow as the program wraps words to make room for your new text. To combat this, SCRIBBLE! will allow you to open an "insert block" by pressing the F10 key. When you press the F10 key, the text from the current cursor position to the end of the current line on the screen will be moved down to the next line, and you will have plenty of room in which to insert your new text. As you use up the space on each line, a new line will be opened for you. When you have completed your insertion, type F10 again to close the block and restore the text to normal. If you have been following along with your program as we cover these items, trying using these two modes now. Move the cursor with the arrow key until it is over 1-10 some of the text you have typed. Type some new text while in the Overwrite mode and while in the Insert mode. Observe the different ways SCRIBBLE! treats the text underneath the cursor while you type. Try using the special key we mentioned, DEL and F10. Type DEL while the cursor is positioned over some text. Do you see how it removes the character under the cursor and moves the character to the right of the cursor one position to the left? Now type F10. See the insert block open up? Type something and type F10 again. Can you see how the text closes up again? MOVING THE CURSOR WITH THE KEYBOARD You should have, at this point, begun to grasp the basic skills of writing with a word processor. You've already learned about word wrap, about using the RETURN key to force the end of a line, and about correcting your mistakes with the Insert and Overwrite modes. The next major step in using the SCRIBBLE! program effectively is being able to quickly move the cursor around the document. Most of the keyboard cursor positioning is found on the cluster of arrow keys located in the lower right hand position of the keyboard. In their normal unshifted state, these keys move the cursor one character or line in the specified direction. In other words, if you type the left arrow, SCRIBBLE! will move the cursor one character to the left. If you type 1-11 the right arrow, one character to the right. And the up and down arrows move the cursor one line up and one line down, respectively. Holding down the SHIFT and ALT keys while typing the arrow keys tells SCRIBBLE! to magnify the scope of the cursor movement. Consider the following table: SHIFT (S) and ALT (A) Keystrokes Keystroke Action left arrow Moves cursor one character to the left right arrow Moves cursor one character to the right up arrow Moves cursor up one line down arrow Moves cursor down one line S+left arrow Moves cursor to the first character of the document S+right arrow Moves cursor to the last character of the document S+up arrow Displays the previous video "page" S+down arrow Displays the next video "page" A+left arrow Moves cursor to the last character on a line A+right arrow Moves cursor to the last character on a line A+up arrow Moves cursor to the first line in the window A+down arrow Moves cursor to the last line in the window 1-12 In addition to the arrow keys, certain other keys have been assigned to the task of cursor movement. These all make use of the CTRL key. This key is located on the left hand side of the keyboard, just above the SHIFT key. As with SHIFT and ALT when used with the arrows, you will hold this key down while you type another key to move the cursor. Keystroke Action CTRL+S Moves cursor one character to the left CTRL+D Moves cursor one character to the right CTRL+E Moves cursor one line up CTRL+X Moves cursor one line down CTRL+F Moves cursor to the first character of the next word on the current line MOVING THE CURSOR AROUND YOUR DOCUMENT WITH THE MOUSE Perhaps at this point you feel that the program already has enough ways to get you where you're going, and would just as soon not be bothered with another. We hear it all the time: "word processing is KEYBOARD intensive, mice just get in the way". SCRIBBLE may 1-13 serve to dispel some of these rumors in your mind. Editing text with the mouse is elegant and FAST. To begin, examine the mouse pointer. Is it shaped like a pencil? If you're not sure, examine the "Action" indicator in the status window. Does it read "Edit"? If it does not, hold down the right hand Amiga key (the letter "A" just to the right of the space bar) and type the letter "E". I want you to be sure that you're in the Text Edit mode before we begin. In the Text Edit mode, when you point to an area within the edit window and click the left mouse button, SCRIBBLE! will immediately put the cursor there. Normally, when you are editing a file, you will scroll the text until you see the area you want to change. At which point you must move the cursor from its current location, usually relying on the keyboard repeat rate, which can produce a long and frustrating delay. Using the mouse to point and click at what you want to change will get you there in a split second. Experiment with this for a few minutes. Move the mouse pointer around inside the edit window and click the left button. Do you see the cursor following your movements? This will, in time, be of great use to you. There is much more that you can do with the mouse, however, each SCRIBBLE! edit window has two proportional scroll gadgets on it, one vertical and one horizontal. Each one consists of two arrow symbols 1-14 (one in each direction), a box representing your document's width or length, and a bar inside that box, which relates to the total size of the document in memory. All of these parts performs a different function. If you use the vertical scroll gadget on the right hand side of the screen, you will be moving the documents vertically, or by lines. Should you use the horizontal scroll gadget at the bottom of your screen, you will be moving the document horizontally, or by characters. The arrow symbols move the documents one line or character at a time. Point to the arrow symbol and click the left mouse button now. Did your document move? If you hold down the left mouse button, the text will continue to move until you release the mouse button (or move the pointer away from the symbol). To move about the document by "pages", point to the open area on either side of the bar which appears inside the scroll gadget and click the left mouse button. The direction of the movement will depend on which side of the bar you were on when you clicked the mouse button. For example, if you click in the open area of the vertical scroll gadget above the bar, the document will move one page up. If you click below the bar, the document will move one page down. If your scroll gadgets do not show any open space on either side of the bar, it means that the current edit window is showing you all the document at the same time. 1-15 It is interesting to note that these bars are proportional in nature and will expand and contract depending upon the size of your window and the amount of text in your document. In other words, as you are entering the text of a document, with each new line, the vertical scroll gadget will become slightly smaller. If you make your line length larger, or the size of your edit window smaller, the bar in the horizontal scroll gadget will decrease in size, making you aware of the fact that you're seeing less and less of the line. One other way to use the proportional scroll gadgets is to have them position you directly to a location in the document. In other words, deciding to move to the top of a document, the bottom of the document, or somewhere in between, and have SCRIBBLE! move you there. To do this, point at the bar inside of the scroll gadget with the mouse and press the left button. The pointer should change color. Continue to hold the left mouse button and move the pointer. The bar should move with you. Position the relative position you want (top, bottom, or somewhere in between) and release the mouse button. SCRIBBLE! will move your cursor to whatever line of the document it needs to in order to place you where you indicated. Remember, this is an approximate location within the document, not a specific line position. 1-16 USING THE SCRIBBLE! STATUS WINDOW Earlier in this section, we make reference to the status window which appears at the bottom of your screen (at least it does when the program powers up; like all Amiga windows, it can be moved). This display is very important to you, so we'll discuss it here: _________________________________________________________________| Page: 1 Line: 1 Column: 1 Action: Edit/Ins/BUI | |_______________________________________________________________| The above diagram is roughly the appearance of the status window, and will aid in our discussion. The first item in the status window is the current page number. When you tell SCRIBBLE! how long you lines are and how many of them will fit on a page, it can give you a pretty good idea of where the current line is in the document. The "current line" is the line which the cursor is currently positioned on. As you move through the text, this indicator will change, informing you when you have crossed to a new page. The next item in the status window is the line number of the current page you are on. The number of lines per page is calculated as Page Length minus the Top and Bottom Margins. As soon as we finish with the status window, we'll discuss selecting commands in the SCRIBBLE! menus. These menus are where you'll be able to set Page Length, Top Margin, and Bottom Margin. 1-17 Next is the Column Indicator. This tells you what column of the current line the cursor is located in. This is especially useful when your line length is greater than the size of the window, and the program is scrolling the display horizontally. After the column number indicator is the current action mode indicator (e.g. "Action"). When you power up the program, SCRIBBLE! is in Edit mode, which is where you enter and edit text. Other modes include Search, Replace, Copy, Cut, Paste and Style. These are all part of the advanced editing features of SCRIBBLE!, and will be discussed later. As you choose these modes, the mouse pointer changes shapes. Since interpreting these pointer shapes may be difficult at first, SCRIBBLE! gives you the additional aid of the Action Indicator. To the right of the Action Indicator are some special flags that appear or disappear, depending on which mode the program is operating in. The first of these is the Phrase "Ins". This appears when the program is in the Insert Mode, and is not present when the program is in the Overwrite Mode. (The Insert and Overwrite modes were discussed earlier. Following Ins are the letters "B", "U", and "I". These tell you when you have engaged one of the special character formats such as boldface, underline, or italic. 1-18 These can be turned on or off while you are typing by pressing one of the following functions keys: F6 Boldface F7 Underline F8 Italic When the letter appears, the indicated mode is active. For example, if the letter "U" was showing, all of the text you would type would be underlined. If the letters "B" and "U" were both showing, any text you would type would be both underlined and boldfaced. Now that you know the various elements of the status window, experiment with it. Move the cursor around in your edit window. Do you see the Line and Column indicators changing? Type ALT-1. Type is a second time. Did you see the "Ins" come and go? Press the previously listed function keys. Can you see the indicators light up? Turn on boldface and type some text. Turn on underline also and type some more text. Does it appear that way on the screen? If not, check your indicators and try again. PHASE 2: STORING A DOCUMENT Before you can successfully store a document from the computer's memory onto disk, you must learn how to activate a SCRIBBLE! menu command. This is done with your Amiga mouse. 1-19 Press (and hold) the right mouse button. Look at the top of the screen. Do you see a collection of words there? They should look like this: _________________________________ | Project Default Text Print | |________________________________| Each one of those words is a SCRIBBLE! menu. While continuing to hold the right mouse button, move the mouse pointer until it points to any of these words. A menu should appear, starting from the word you pointed to and moving downward. These are called "pull-down menus". Move the mouse pointer carefully until the word Project is highlighted. A menu should appear that look something like this: ______________ | Project | |____________|______________ | Archive ___ | | Status |‚A‚|‚ S | | Erase ___ | | Open |‚A‚|‚ O | | Close ___ | | Quite |‚A‚|‚ Q | |__________________________| 1-20 While keeping the right mouse button pressed down move the pointer to the word Archive. Another menu will appear to the right of the pull-down menu. We call these "pop-out" menus. This menu will appear something along the order of: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ |‚ ‚P‚r‚o‚j‚e‚c‚t‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚_‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ |‚ ‚A‚r‚c‚h‚i‚v‚e‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ Documents | | Status |‚ ‚G‚e‚n‚e‚r‚a‚l‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | Erase ‚ ‚ ‚ | | Open |‚A‚|‚ O | | Close ‚ ‚ ‚ | | Quite |‚A‚|‚ Q | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ Notice as you move the mouse pointer through this menu how the various options become highlighted. The option that is highlighted at the moment you release the right mouse button will be the command you choose. If you want to exit the menus without choosing one of the options, move the mouse pointer completely away from all of the options shown (such that none of them are highlighted). Then release the right mouse button. Sometimes you will want to select one of the commands and remain in the menu to select another command. In these cases, you simply highlight the option and click the left mouse button (while still holding the right mouse button). You'll stay in the menu, but the command you selected will be executed when you finally exit the menus. If you pick one 1-21 command with the left mouse button and then highlight another command before you release the right mouse button, the commands will be executed in the order that you have chosen them. You're now ready to store a document from memory to disk. First we need a document to store. Let's clear out memory and create one. Using the technique you just learned for selecting commands, select the Erase command on the Project menu. When you have successfully selected this command, you'll see a requester such as this one appear: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | Okay to ERASE project? | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | | | | | | |‚ ‚N‚O‚!‚_‚|‚ |‚ ‚Y‚e‚s‚ ‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ This requester is your final warning that you are about to completely erase the document currently in the computer's memory. Under normal circumstances, make sure that you have stored the current document to disk before responding "Yes". In this case, however, we have nothing to store. So move the mouse until it points to the gadget which contains the word "Yes" and click the left button. Your document will erase immediately, and you will have a clean slate to begin typing in new text. 1-22 CREATE A DOCUMENT You should know enough about SCRIBBLE! at this point to create a simple one or two line document. Take a few moments and do just this. If you are at a loss for what to type, copies these lines: Now is the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country. The Quick Brown Fox jumped over the Lazy Red Dog. I am creating a sample document with SCRIBBLE!, my new word processor. Once you've completed typing in your sample text, you are ready to select the Project Archive command and store your text to disk. In the same manner as you selected the Erase command on the Project menu before, now you need to select the Archive command on the same menu. When you do this, the pop-out menu appears with the two choices "Documents" and "General". Move the mouse pointer carefully until the Documents option is highlighted and release the right mouse button. Now your disk will activate for several moments. When it is completed, you will see a large requester appears in the center of your screen with some document names displayed and a series of boxes across the bottom with various commands in them. (At least, there SHOULD be some document names displayed. Several sample files were included with the master disk. More on these later.) 1-23 Move the mouse until it is pointing at the box containing the word "Store" and click the left mouse button one. A second, smaller requester will appear that looks something like this: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | Enter name to store Under: | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | |‚ ‚|‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | | | | | | |‚O‚K‚ ‚|‚ |‚ ‚C‚a‚n‚c‚e‚l‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ SCRIBBLE! wants to know what name to use for this document as it is stored on the disk. This should be a name unique from all other names on the disk. The name should have some significance to either contents of the document or at least what sort of document it is (e.g., "LETTER-41" or "JONES-LETTER"). You will have the option to attach a comment to the document name in a moment, though, so it will not be necessary to go into minute detail. To type in the document name, you must first move the mouse until it points to the open box inside of the requester and click the left mouse button once. This is VERY IMPORTANT. If you omit this step, you will not be able to type anything into the box. (As a matter of face, if you try and type and SCRIBBLE! will not take your input, you probably "missed" with your selection. Try again, more carefully. 1-24 Once you've selected the input box, you can type in up to 16 characters to name this file. Let's call ours "SAMPLE". Therefore, when you've done this correctly, the requester will look like this: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | Enter name to store Under: | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | |‚S‚A‚M‚P‚L‚E‚|‚ ‚|‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | | | | | | |‚O‚K‚ ‚|‚ |‚ ‚C‚a‚n‚c‚e‚l‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ Press the RETURN KEY (or select OK with the mouse) and the requester will disappear, only to be replaced with this next one: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | Enter optional comments: | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | |‚ ‚|‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | | | | | | |‚O‚K‚ ‚|‚ |‚ ‚C‚a‚n‚c‚e‚l‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ If you do not want to attach a comment to this document name just point the mouse at the box with the word "OK" in it and click the left mouse button. If you decided that you want to attach a comment however, before you can type one in you need to point the mouse at the open box inside the requester and click the left mouse button once (this is generally 1-25 true for all such requesters anywhere in the program). Let's attach the comment "PRACTICE DOCUMENT" to our document name. When you've done this correctly, the requester will look like this: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | Enter optional comments: | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | |‚P‚r‚a‚c‚t‚i‚c‚e‚ ‚D‚o‚c‚u‚m‚e‚n‚t‚|‚ ‚|‚ ‚|‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | | | | | | |‚O‚K‚ ‚|‚ |‚ ‚C‚a‚n‚c‚e‚l‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ As with the document name earlier, either press the PRESS key or point the mouse at the box with the word "OK" in it and click the left mouse button. As soon as this is done, the disk drive will activate again. This is SCRIBBLE! storing the document onto the disk. The second small requester will disappear and only the big requester with the document names in it will remain. When you see the name of your document, "SAMPLE.DOC", appear in the requester, the operation is complete. (Notice that SCRIBBLE! added the pattern ".doc" to the document name. This happens when you select the "Documents" option from Project Archive. The "General" option will not. This will be discussed, in detail, later in the manual.) 1-26 VERIFYING YOUR WORK If you followed the above steps correctly, and there were no errors with your Amiga hardware, the document name "SAMPLE.DOC should have been added to the list of those documents stored on that disk. Let's run through a quick procedure to verify this. Move the mouse until it points to the box with the word "Resume" in it and click the left mouse button. The large requester will disappear instantly and you will see the SCRIBBLE! edit window once again. Do you remember how we erased the current document just before we started this exercise? If not, go back and review. Because you should repeat this now. Erase the current document from the computer's memory so that you have a blank screen. When you've done this, select the Archive command on the Project menu again. Just as you did before, move the mouse over the word "Documents" and release the right mouse button. The disk drive will activate and the large requester with the document names in it will re-appear (this is called the "Archive Requester" if you're curious). Can you see the document name "SAMPLE.DOC"? Good. Move the mouse until it is pointed at this name and click the left mouse button one. The name and its command should highlight (be displayed in reverse video). If it happens to be the first name in the left, it 1-27 will already be highlighted. But you can still practice this by highlighting another document name and ten coming back to "SAMPLE.DOC". The important thing here is to get the feel for how you tell SCRIBBLE! which of the documents listed on the screen you want it to load. Now that "SAMPLE.DOC" is highlighted, point the mouse at the box with word "Get" in it and click the left mouse button. The disk drive will activate and SCRIBBLE! will load your document from disk. When the loading is complete, the Archive Requester will disappear (automatically, this time), and you'll return to the SCRIBBLE! edit window with your document loaded into the computer's memory (and displayed on the screen) once again. Congratulations! If you successfully completed all of these steps, you just wrote, stored, and reloaded your first word processing document. PHASE 3: EDITING A DOCUMENT In this portion of the Tutorial, we'll spend some time discussing advanced editing features such as centering a line and styling some already existing text (boldface, underline, etc.). Earlier, we talked about changing the style of text while you were typing it, and now we'll discuss how to apply style to text already in the computer's memory. 1-28 Before we get started with this, you need to load a sample document from the disk. Once again, select the Documents options of the Project Archive command. When the Archive Requester (the screen that lists all the document names) appear this time, highlight the document name. "HERMAN.DOC" (instead of "SAMPLE.DOC"). This is a document which was prepared specifically for this example. When HERMAN.DOC is highlighted, point to the box labelled "Get" and click the left mouse button. The document will be loaded into the computer's memory and SCRIBBLE! will return to the edit window. Before we start, let's define our objectives: *Center the word "MEMORANDUM". *Underline the word "real" in the last sentence of paragraph two. *Underline and boldface the word "results" in the last sentence of paragraph three. *Remove the underlining and boldface from the word "results" in the last sentence of paragraph three. CENTERING A LINE OF TEXT We'll begin with the centering operation. If the cursor is not located over the top of the document (which holds the word MEMORANDUM), move it 1-29 there. Shift-Left Arrow is a fast way to do this. Once the cursor is there, press F3 function key. Did the line move to the center of the screen? Good. Notice how the end of the line marker (formerly the paragraph symbol) following the word "MEMORANDUM" has changed into a "cents" symbol. This is SCRIBBLE!'s way of telling you that it has centered the line and you did not do it manually by tabbing or spacing over. Press F3 function key a second time. See how the line moves back to the left? Press F3 a third time. Is the line centered again? Good. You could never un-center a line that you centered manually with spaces. Whenever you press the F3 function key, SCRIBBLE! will center the current line (which is the line that the cursor is located on). If you want to center a line while you're writing a document, type the line FIRST and THEN press F3 function key. (Pressing F3 key on an empty line will have no effect.) STYLING YOUR TEXT Now let's style some text. Move the cursor down through the document until it is positioned over the word "real" in the last sentence of the second paragraph ("....says there is a -real - motivation..."). Press and hold the right mouse button. Move the mouse pointer over the word "Text". One of the commands on the pull down menu which appears should be "Style". (If it's not there, you're not 1-30 displaying the correct menu. Check which word is highlighted at the top of your screen. Make certain it's "Text".) Move the mouse button pointer down over the word "Style". A pop out menu appears with your various styling options listed on it. Carefully move the mouse over the word "Underline" and release the right mouse button. Instantly, your mouse pointer should change to look like an artist's paint brush. (If you're not sure about this, check the "Action" indicator in the status window, which should now read "Style".) Now, all that remains for you to do is to tell SCRIBBLE! what text you want to underline. Move the mouse pointer to the first letter of the word "real". Press and HOLD the left mouse button. As you move the mouse to the right (towards the end of the word) it will "drag" the cursor with it, and the text i‚t‚ ‚p‚a‚s‚s‚e‚s‚ ‚o‚v‚e‚r‚ ‚w‚i‚l‚l‚ ‚b‚e‚ ‚h‚i‚g‚h‚l‚i‚g‚h‚t‚e‚d‚.‚ If you make a mistake, such as not starting at the correct spot, you can abort the highlighting by moving the mouse pointer off the edit window to the left hand or top borders. This instantly aborts the styling and you can release the left mouse button. (Moving the mouse point off the edit window to the right hand or bottom borders is legal and will not affect your highlighting procedure.) Don't be concerned if while you are highlighting, you move the mouse pointer up or down a line and a lot 1-31 of text gets highlighted. As long as the starting point is correct, you can move the pointer back on to the current line with no ill effects. When the mouse pointer is over the last letter in the word "real", the entire word should be highlighted in reverse video. Release the left mouse button and SCRIBBLE! will underline the word. STYLING TEXT WITHOUT USING THE MOUSE You can also do the same task without using the mouse. If this is more comfortable for you. Also, if the text you want to style is not completely displayed in the current edit window, you will have to use the keyboard to highlight, since only the keyboard can scroll the edit window. You still need to select Text Style and indicate what kind of styling you want with the mouse. Once the Style mode is engaged, however, you can use the keyboard for the rest. Just position the cursor, using the normal method, to the first character of the text you want to style (in our example, the first letter in the word "real".) Now press F9 function key. This anchors the cursor. When you move the cursor now, again using the normal cursor movement keys, it will expand instead of moving. For example, after pressing F9 with the cursor over the "r" in "real", pressing the right arrow would leave the letters "r" and "e" highlighted. You 1-32 should continue to move the cursor until all of the text is highlighted and then press RETURN. SCRIBBLE! will perform the indicated task, in this case, styling the text that you highlighted. Here's a tip for you. The fastest way to style an entire document is to select the style you want to apply, type Shift Left Arrow to go to the top of the document, F9 to anchor the cursor, Shift Right Arrow to go to the bottom of the document, and press RETURN to apply the style to the entire document. Should there come a time when you want to remove all styling in a document, this method will come in handy (you can apply the plain style to an entire document easily). MULTIPLE STYLES AND REMOVING STYLES Let's move on to our third goal, using more than one style at a time. If you've been following the Tutorial, your style option should already be set for Underline. We're going to add a second option at the same time and show how you can add multiple styles in a single movement. Return to the SCRIBBLE! menus and once again select Text Style. This time, notice how the check mark has moved from "Plain" to "Underline". This tells you that the Style mode is currently underlining text. Move the mouse pointer until the word "Bold" is also highlighted and release the right mouse button. You've just told SCRIBBLE to add another style in 1-33 addition to underline. Now, when we apply this style to the text, it will be both underlined and boldfaced. So see what effect this has on the menu display, bring up the Text Style pop-out menu again. Notice how the check marks are beside BOTH Underline and Bold? Move the mouse well off the menus so that no commands are highlighted and release the right button. Let's apply this to some text. Move the mouse so that it is pointing to the first letter in the word "results" in the third paragraph ("...only -results - ..."). Press and hold the left mouse button. Do you see how the word "results" is now underlined and boldfaced? Note: IF THIS IS NOT WHAT HAPPENED WHEN YOU HIGHLIGHTED THE WORD, CHECK THE TEXT STYLE POP OUT MENU AGAIN. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT YOU ACCIDENTLY SELECTED ONE OF THE OTHER STYLES WHEN EXAMINING THE MENU LAST TIME. Removing a style is just as easy. Go back to the Text Style menu and highlight the "Plain" option. Release the right mouse button. Now, if you should display the Text Style menu again, only one check mark will be present. The Plain style is exclusive of all others. When it is active, none of the others can be. You could say that the Plain style is the absence of any other styles. 1-34 Highlight once again the word "results". When you are applying the Plain style to some previously styled text, and the text in the surrounding area is not styled, you do not need to be so careful about your highlighting. It does not hurt to apply the Plain style to text that is already plain. After you highlight the word "results" and release the left mouse button, does the old style disappear? Good. In this manner, you can apply and remove the special character formatting at will. Use the F6, F7 and F8 keys while you're typing, or use the Text Style command for existing text. A QUICK WAY TO SAVE YOUR EDITING CHANGES TO DISK Now that you've made editing changes to your document, you'll want to store this back on the disk. There is a faster way to do this than bringing up the Archive Requester again and using Store. If you have already loaded the document from a disk file, SCRIBBLE! will have the name of that file displayed at the top of your screen. If you modify the text and want to store it back to disk in the same file, all you need to do is press F4 function key once. This will instantly update the disk file who's name is displayed at the top of the screen with the current document loaded into the computer's memory. Do this now with HERMAN.DOC. Did you see the message "Saving file: HERMAN.DOC"? Good. 1-35 PHASE 4 PRINTING YOUR DOCUMENT Printing your document is easy, but some people will have trouble getting their printouts to appear just as they want them, for one primary reason. You see, BEFORE you can print something out with SCRIBBLE!, you must first "configure your printer" with Preferences. Prior to trying this, however, you should spend some time with your Amiga User's Guide. Preferences is not difficult to use, but the screen is full of data, and it sometimes can be confusing. NOTE: For those of you who are not aware, Preferences is a utility supplied with Workbench. It's used to configure various options on your Amiga. Items like a display width, printer, and screen colors, are all under the control of Preferences. To have SCRIBBLE! work correctly, there are two items that you must configure with Preferences. This first is the printer itself. When you display the Preferences screen, select the option "Change Printer". The next screen that you see will allow you to select the name of your printer from among the list of supported printers. Do this. If your printer is NOT among those listed, it is still possible for SCRIBBLE! to be used with it. It will 1-36 require some additional word on your part, and imposes certain restrictions on you. This will be explained in greater detail in the SCRIBBLE! Overview (see "What to do when your printer is not in Preferences"). For now, however, we will assume that you are fortunate enough to be able to locate your printer among those listed. After you select your printer name, you should then set the printer margins. Set your left margin to "1" and your right margin to "255". This prevents Preferences from wrapping lines and leaves this control with SCRIBBLE! where it belongs. Now you are ready to print out your document. If you do not still have the HERMAN.DOC file loaded, please reload it now. This is a good sample to print out your first time. Press the right mouse button again to display the SCRIBBLE! menus. Move the mouse printer until you have displayed the Print menu. Move the mouse pointer down until the Go command is highlighted. It will display a pop-out menu with the options "Printer" and "File" on it. Highlight the option "Printer" and release the right button. Your printout should begin immediately. If it does NOT, chances are quite good that there is a physical problem with your printer. Either it is not on, it is out of paper, it is "offline", or perhaps there is a problem with the printer cable. If all is well in your computer's 1-37 environment, however, you should have printed out the HERMAN.DOC memo. EXITING THE PROGRAM To leave SCRIBBLE and return to CLI or Workbench (depending upon where you entered the program from), press and hold the right mouse button to display the menus. Select the Project menu. Move down the Project menu until the Quit command is highlighted and release the left mouse button. You will see the following verification requester: ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | Okay to QUIT Project? | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | | | | | | | |‚ ‚N‚O‚|‚ |‚Y‚e‚s‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ This is your last opportunity to abort before returning to CLI or Workbench. If you have not yet stored the document currently in the computer's memory on to the disk, select "NO!" and do so at once. Once you select "Yes", the document in the computer's memory is gone forever. When you ARE ready to leave SCRIBBLE!, move the mouse until it points to the box containing the word 1-38 "Yes", and click the left mouse button. You will be exited from the program immediately. CONCLUSION I hope you've profited from this all-too-brief tour through the basics of using SCRIBBLE!. We've written a sample document and used the menus to load and save documents to disk. Our purpose in doing this was to ground you in the program. To get you using the program productively right away, so that you are getting some value from your purchase while learning of its more advanced functions. Your next step is the SCRIBBLE! Overview. Material in the SCRIBBLE! Overview is presented in a more factual, reference style format. The assumption that you are following along is not made. You should also read through the SCRIBBLE! Reference Guide. This handy portion of the manual covers each and every menu command in order. You can use it to look up commands as you need explanation for them, or you can read it through completely to get a picture of how the commands work together. 1-39 PART 2 PART 2THE SCRIBBLE! OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION Welcome to the SCRIBBLE! Overview. In this section of the manual, we are going to cover material about the program in a topical manner. If you're looking for a command-by-command breakdown of the program, that's contained in the SCRIBBLE! Reference Guide (part 3 of the manual). Someone who has not used a word processor before today should probably make certain they have gone through the SCRIBBLE Tutorial before beginning here. The Tutorial will acquaint you with the basics or writing with a word processor. SCRIBBLE! is a powerful full featured word processing program that will help you produce beautifully formatted reports and documents. You can use SCRIBBLE! to write memos, letters, reports or as an adjunct to OnLine! (our popular Amiga terminal program) to create script files. A word processor is not just a fancy electric typewriter. The real value of a word processor is in the two step process between creating (typing) the document and storing it on electronic media (disks) and the completion (printing) of the document. Because the document is not printed as you type it, you have the opportunity to edit and revise it before putting it on paper. 2-1 With a typewriter, you are forced to re-type the entire document or at least the page. The word processor's electronic file can be easily edited with just a few keystrokes. The printer can then print out the corrected version in a matter of minutes, no longer demanding the writer's attention. TWO STEPS TO A FINISHED DOCUMENT *Writing. Documents are created using SCRIBBLE! and your computer. As each key is pressed, the character is displayed on the screen and stored in your computer's memory. When you have completed typing your document, the contents of memory (which is temporary storage) can be stored on disk (for more permanent storage and later recall). *Printing. Printing is a separate process that involves taking your document and sending it to the printer according to formatting instructions that control margins, line spacing, pagination, special printing features, underlines, etc. The final printed document may look very different from the original version displayed on your screen. As a matter of face, a single document can be generate a wide range of printed documents depending upon the formatting and printing instructions used. 2-2 WRITING A DOCUMENT Before you can write a document, you must start up the program. To do this, either select the SCRIBBLE! icon from the Workbench screen or type "SCRIBBLE!" at the CLI prompt and press RETURN. (If you're running the program from CLI, make sure that your current directory is the one which contains the SCRIBBLE! program file.) In either case, the disk drive will activate for a few moments while the program loads. When SCRIBBLE has been loaded, a large blank window appears wit a cursor in the upper left hand corner. At the bottom of the screen is a second window that functions as a status box to show you the location of the cursor, various edit modes, and other indicators. You can begin typing. 2-3 ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚S‚C‚R‚I‚B‚B‚L‚E‚:‚ ‚P‚r‚o‚j‚e‚c‚t‚ ‚U‚n‚t‚i‚t‚l‚e‚d‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ ‚ ‚|‚ ‚|‚ | | | | The quick red fox jumped over the lazy brown dog. Four | | | score and seven year ago our fathers brought forth on | | | this continent a new nation, concei... | | | | | | | | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ |‚P‚a‚g‚e‚:‚ ‚1‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚L‚i‚n‚e‚:‚ ‚2‚9‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚C‚o‚l‚u‚m‚n‚:‚ ‚1‚0‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚A‚c‚t‚i‚o‚n‚:‚ ‚E‚d‚i‚t‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ Look what happened when you get close to the end of the line. SCRIBBLE! wraps the words around to the next line. This is an important difference between a typewriter and a word processor. You only use carriage returns when you end a line in the middle of the page. (Like this line.) Go ahead and type some more. Notice that when you do press the RETURN key a paragraph a symbol appears. The symbol will not appear in your printed document. It is only there to show you on the screen where you have forced an end of line. As you type, notice that there are a number of special purpose keys on your keyboard to help you type fast and more accurately. The arrow keys position the cursor, which 2-4 is the reverse video block you see on the screen. This is a very important item, since much of the "action" in word processing takes place at the current cursor position. (When you type, this is where the characters will appear, etc.) Following is a complete list of the keys and their functions: KEY FUNCTION ESC Moves the cursor to the start of the current line. TAB Moves the cursor to the next user defined tab stop. These default to position 6, 11 and every 10 characters thereafter. CTRL Used in combination with other keys to engage cursor motion commands. ALT Used in combination with other keys to produce SCRIBBLE! commands (i.e., ALT-L will delete the current line of text). SHIFT Used in combination with other keys to produce special commands (e.g. SHIFTed arrows move the cursor farther than unshifted and SHIFT-F10 will turn on the "background"). F1 Displays an "editor help" screen that lists the various command keystrokes and their function. F2 Displays a "dot command help" screen that lists the various dot commands that can be used on format lines. 2-5 KEY FUNCTION F3 Centers the current line. F4 The "instant save" function. This stores the current document in memory into the same file that it was loaded from. (This filename is displayed following "Project on the status line). F5 If you are using multiple edit windows, pressing this key will bring the next edit window to the front (i.e make it visible). F6 Toggles the boldface character mode. F7 Toggles the underline character mode. F8 Toggles the i„t„a„l„i„c„s„ character mode. F9 This is the "action" key. It is used at various times by different operations. It functions as a signal to SCRIBBLE!. One time it might anchor the cursor during a block definition, another time it might tell SCRIBBLE! to find the next occurrence of a search string, etc. F10 Opens and closes the "insert block" to facilitate rapid insertion of large amounts of text. DEL Deletes the character under the cursor. 2-6 KEY FUNCTION BS (Backspace) Moves the cursor one location to the left, and will delete the character previously in that location. A (Right Amiga Key) Used in combination with certain letters, this key emulates some of the more common menu commands. The arrow keys are used to move the cursor around the document. Their functions are divided into normal, shifted, and ALT operations. To obtain a shifted or ALT function, hold the SHIFT or ALT key down and press the arrow. Left Move cursor one character to the left. Right Move cursor one character to the right. Up Move cursor one line toward the top of document. Down Move cursor one line toward the bottom of the document. Shift-Left Move cursor to the first character of document ("home"). Shift-Right Move cursor to the last character of document ("end"). Shift-Up Move cursor one page toward the top of the document. 2-7 Shift-Down Move cursor one page toward the bottom of the document. ALT-Left Move cursor to the start of the current line. ALT-Right Move cursor to the end of the current line. ALT-Up Move cursor to the first line of the current window. ALT-Down Move cursor to the last line of the current window. PRINTING A DOCUMENT Before you can print a document with SCRIBBLE!, you need to use the Preferences tool supplied by AmigaDOS to configure for your printer. If you are not sure how to use Preferences, consult your Amiga user's manual for details. A portion of the Preferences printer configuration allows you to set margins for your printer. To work with SCRIBBLE!, you need to set the the left margin to 1 and the right margin to 255. In this manner, you assure that Preferences will not start wrapping lines (reserving this for SCRIBBLE!). Once you have used Preferences to set up for your printer, you are ready to print out a document. Obviously, you must first either load some text from a disk file or type some in from the edit mode. When the text is in the window and you're ready to print, 2-8 select the Printer subcommand of the Go command on the Print menu (i.e., Print Go Printer). Your printout will begin immediately. NOTE: What you do when you printer is not on the list supported by Preference? At the end of this overview section, there is information for advanced uses of SCRIBBLE!. We'll cover this in there. ARCHIVING DOCUMENT FILES In order to store documents for future reference, you need to store them on disk. How do you do this? Well, first you should select the Archive Documents command of the Project menu. When the Archive Requester appears, it will be displaying all of the files in the currently logged directory. If this is not the drive you wish to store the file on, select the Dir icon and enter the new drive and/or directory name. (for example, if DF0: was the currently logged directory, and you wanted to store the file in a directory on drive 1 called DOC-FILES, you would select the Dir icon and enter ("DF:1DOC-FILES") when the requester appeared). Once you have the correct drive and/or directory selected, all you need to do is select the Store icon. Enter the name of the file you are saving. Since you chose Archive Documents instead of Archive Document, 2-9 SCRIBBLE! will add the pattern ".doc" to the end of the filename for us. Archive Documents also displays only those files with the ".doc" pattern in them. This is a convenient way to keep your document files segregated on a crowded disk. ARCHIVING NON-DOCUMENT FILES If you use SCRIBBLE! to write a Script (.scp) file or other non-document file for an application using a specific pattern in its files, you'll need to use the Archive General command, instead of the Archive Document command, and specify the pattern yourself, otherwise the other application program may not be able to locate it. For example, if you write a script file for OnLine!, you would select Archive General, make sure that you had specified the correct drive and directory, and then select Store. When SCRIBBLE! prompted you for a filename, you'd enter the filename with a ".scp" pattern at the end (i.e., RBBS,scp). CHECKING THE STATUS OF SCRIBBLE! DEFAULTS The Status command on the Project menu displays the current defaults. These are the areas that will affect both the appearance of the editor and the final 2-10 printing of the document. It is a good idea to always check the status of the defaults before printing, especially if you do not begin your document with a format line that sets them properly. You can also type Amiga-S to view the current defaults (not to be confused with ALT-S, which deletes all spaces from the cursor to the next non-space character. ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | Page Length: 66 | | Page Offset: 0 | | Top Margin: 6 | | Bottom Margin: 6 ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | Line Margin: 65 | | | | Justification: Flush |‚ ‚O‚K‚ ‚|‚ | | Characters Used: 0 | | Characters Free: 65322 | | Word Count: 0 | |‚ ‚P‚a‚g‚e‚ ‚C‚o‚u‚n‚t‚:‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚1‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ Select the gadget labelled "OK" to return to your edit window. ERASING A DOCUMENT FROM THE SCREEN To erase the current document from memory, select the Erase command on the Project menu. You will be asked to select Yes or No as a fail safe precaution prior to erasing the document. When you verify the 2-11 Erase command, the screen will clear as the current document is discarded. The blank screen is proof that you should never erase a document that you have not stored onto a disk unless you are quite certain that you will have no further need for it. GETTING A DOCUMENT FROM ARCHIVE Select the Archive Document command on the Project menu. It will be displaying the default drive and directory, and if this is not the drive or directory that contains the file, use the Dir icon until you see the filename you want to load on the screen. Point to the filename and click the left mouse bottom. The file should highlight. Now all you do is select Get. ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | Dir: Current Pattern *.doc | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ | | |‚R‚e‚s‚u‚m‚e‚|‚ |‚G‚e‚t‚|‚ |‚R‚e‚p‚l‚a‚c‚e‚|‚ |‚S‚t‚o‚r‚e‚|‚ |‚D‚e‚l‚e‚t‚e‚|‚ |‚D‚i‚r‚|‚ |‚U‚p‚|‚ |‚O‚n‚|‚ | |‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚|‚ 2-12 LEAVING SCRIBBLE! (QUIT) Leaving SCRIBBLE! is a two-step process. First, you must either select the Quit command on the Project menu or type Amiga-Q. This action will bring up a requester asking you to make SURE you want to Quit. If you have saved any document currently in memory, you may select Yes and exit SCRIBBLE!. CHANGING YOUR DEFAULT VALUES SCRIBBLE! lets you reprogram certain default characteristics such as line length, ink and paper colors, justification, and margins. These are all accomplished with the Default menu. The first option on this menu is Archive. This works in a similar manner to Project Archive, except that it is loading and saving "format files" instead of documents. These format files, which have ".fmt" at the end of their filenames, will remember each and every setting you have specified with the Default menu commands. Later, you can reload one of these files to instantly reconfigure SCRIBBLE!. SCRIBBLE will look for the file SCRIBBLE!.fmt in the current directory when it powers up. If it is there, the values contained in it will be loaded and used. It does not HAVE to be present. SCRIBBLE! does have your favorite configuration as the new default. 2-13 TEXT JUSTIFICATION This can be controlled two ways. First, there is a command on the Default menu which can engage right hand margin justification (both margin smooth). This will also turn on justification for the display. The program will add "soft spaces" on the screen to fill out each line until the margins are smooth. To see these spaces, you can turn on the special "background" display by typing Shift-F10. This shows all the spaces on the screen that you did not type with the space bar as a reverse video "hash". You can use this to see how many spaces are really at the end of a line, or to see the soft spaces inserted into a line when justification is on. This can be very useful when editing those lines. You see, if you should happen to overtype a soft space with a regular one, SCRIBBLE! can no longer add and subtract it as needed to keep the line smooth. It will stay there permanently. By turning on the background you can see the soft spaces and steer clear of them. In addition, there is a command to temporarily remove the soft space from a line while you're editing it. Typing ALT-R will make the soft space disappear until you move the cursor off the line. In addition to the Default Justify menu command, there are a sequence of dot commands that can be used in format lines to further control text justification. 2-14 A complete list of dot commands appears later in this section, but the justification commands are: JU Justification on or off. This is a duplicate of the Default Justify menu command, and will override the current status of the command (i.e. you can have justification on the screen, and edit the document that way, but if you have a ".JU=N" command on a format line in the document, there will be no justification). FR Engages "flush right" justification, in which text is printed smooth to the right hand margin, but ragged to the left. This is used when you want to set some text against the right hand margin (e.g. a date in a letter, or some numbers in columns. HI Hanging indent. This command sets a column position where the text should begin when the PROGRAM wraps a line. If the line is ended manually, this does not take effect. Only when a line is wrapped by the program will this indent be used. This is useful in creating "bullet" paragraphs. The first two of the dot commands listed above are either on or off. The parameters they accept are "Y" and "N" (e.g. JU=Y or FR=N). The third is a column position, and as such is specified with a numeric value (HI=10). 2-15 LINE LENGTH AND HORIZONTAL SCROLLING A full size SCRIBBLE edit window can display 76 characters on a line. We make the distinction of "full sized" because you can use the sizing gadget to shrink a window (as in the case of multiple windows visible at the same time). Should your line length be greater than the number of characters that will fit on the screen SCRIBBLE! will not be able to show you all of the characters on the line at one time. In these cases, horizontal scrolling will automatically take place. Also, the proportional scroll gadget at the bottom of the edit window can be used in displaying the text not visible on the line. If your line length is LESS than the number of characters SCRIBBLE! can display on a line, the program will automatically center your text in the window. This does not mean that the extra margins will print on the page. It is merely visual aesthetics. Line length can be adjusted from within your document with the LL (Line Length) dot command (e.g. LL=55). This is useful when you need to temporarily shorten the line length, as with an inset paragraph, or when you want to edit the document with a line length OTHER than the one you wish to print with. However, to have your line breaks displayed properly, you should set the display line length to the same value as your printed line length. 2-16 SETTING TABS: SCRIBBLE! features user definable tab positions. Even though these do not show of the screen, you can still adjust them. If you use the Default Tabs command, SCRIBBLE! will prompt you for a list of column positions for the tab stops. For specific details look up this command in the Reference Guide. Tab stops will be saved in the format files, so you should only have to enter them once. DISPLAY COLORS SCRIBBLE! is a Workbench compatible application, and as such uses the four display colors defined for your copy of Workbench by Preferences. However, you can decide what combination of colors to use for the text (Ink) and background (Paper). As you change the colors with Preferences, the colors within SCRIBBLE! will also change. The current color settings will be saved in your format files. Many people find that changing colors in each window makes working with multiple windows much more convenient and less mistake prone. SETTING UP THE DEFAULT PAGE SIZE There are several commands on the Default menu that are used in defining the default page size. One of 2-17 these is Line Length, which has already been covered. The others are contained as sub-options under the Print command of the Default menu. The Page Length option lets you tell SCRIBBLE! how many lines long each page should be. The default value is 66, which is standard for an 11 inch page with a line spacing of 6 lines per inch. Unless you are printing on some other size paper, or with some other line spacing, you should not change this value. The Page Offset value tells SCRIBBLE! how many spaces to print at the start of each line when it's printing out your document. This will not show on the screen, since it is only of value when printing out hardcopy. In some applications, you many want to indent more on one page than the next (the logical application here is printing text that will be copied on two sided paper). To help with this, you can use the dot commands EO (Even Offset) and OO (Odd Offset) to set a separate page offset for even and odd numbered pages. The other two options of the Default Print command that affect page layout are Top Margin and Bottom Margin. This are the number of lines SCRIBBLE! will skip at the top and bottom of each page. This is used to prevent the program from printing on the perforation of fanfold paper or skip down over letterhead. The number of lines actually USABLE on a page can be calculated by subtracting the top and bottom margins from the Page Length. 2-18 Once you have told SCRIBBLE! how long the page is, how long your lines are, and how many lines you will be skipping for top and bottom margins, it has a pretty clear picture of how big your page is. It will use this in calculating the "current page" number that is shown in the status window. If you use dot commands in your text that can alter the page breaks at print time (HI - Hanging Indent, and CP - Conditional Page are two good examples), the current page indicator may not be accurate. In those cases, use the ALT-J command to jump to the next printed page break. You can also define a setup string that will be sent to the printer before any text. Remember that if you are using the normal SCRIBBLE! printer routines, this will be sent via the Preferences printer drive, so this setup code should be something that IT will understand. If you are using the "print to file" function and printing directly to the parallel port (i.e. printing to PAR:), then the string and all other data will be sent to the printer untranslated. CARRIAGE RETURNS, LINE FEEDS, AND OTHER FORMATS SCRIBBLE! places a paragraph symbol in the text wherever you press RETURN. You can decide what this paragraph symbol will be when the file is stored to disk. You may choose between a carriage return, a line feed, or a carriage returned followed by a line feed. 2-19 Standard Amiga text file format is a line feed, and this is the power up default. However, a file that will be uploaded to a bulletin board or information network will likely need a carriage return followed by a line feed. When SCRIBBLE! loads a file, it looks at the text to see what format was used when the file was stored on the disk. It then moves the check mark for you, so that you can load, edit, and save a document without changing the format and without altering it. If you WANT to alter the format of a document, just use the Default Format command and move the check mark to a new location. You'll probably want to store your most commonly used format as part of your default format file. CHANGING WORDS AND PHRASES THROUGHOUT A DOCUMENT After writing a memo or report, you may have the misfortune of finding out that Mr. "Smith" spells his name "S-M-I-T-H-E". With a word processor, the change is easy, involving only two steps. First tell SCRIBBLE! what to search for. Select the Search command on the Text menu. You will be asked to enter the character string to find. Enter 2-20 "Smith". Immediately the cursor moves to the first location of Smith. If all you want to do is "find" the various locations of Smith, you can repeat the process by clicking the left mouse button or pressing the F9 function key. To "change" the various occurrences of Smith to Smithe, go back and select the Replace command on the Text menu. SCRIBBLE! asks you to enter the change string (what you want the string to have found earlier to be changed into). Enter "Smithe". SCRIBBLE! will search out every occurrence of Smith and prompt to see if you want to change it into Smithe. Note the Search and Replace commands are case dependent. If you instruct SCRIBBLE! to search for "this", it will not find "This". Also note that a Search and/or Replace operation advance from the top of the document down each time you run it. If you are planning on searching for a string skipping the first few occurrences, and then starting to replace it, you should define the Search string and then immediately go into the Replace mode and use the Next option to skip. All you need do now is click the left mouse button or press the F9 function key to replace the "next" occurrence, which will be the string you are currently positioned over. 2-21 USES FOR SEARCH AND REPLACE The Search command can be used in a mail list or catalog (if you have typed in all of the information as a document file) to locate individual records and files. For example, you could look for a particular zip code in a mailing list, or a phone number, occupation, etc. Unlike a file management program, there is no need to design a special file. Just select Search and enter the string of characters you are searching for. Remember that SCRIBBLE! is literal and case dependent. Make sure that you have spelled the string properly and capitalized it just the way it appears in the document. (Sometimes, if you are searching for a word that may or may not be capitalized, you can omit the first character. For example, search for "eturn" to find "return" and "Return".) BLOCK OPERATIONS: CUT, COPY, PASTE Performing a block operation in SCRIBBLE! is simple. First you tell the program what sort of operation you would like to perform, and when you tell it what text to perform the operation upon. There are three block operation commands on the Text menu. Cut is used to delete text from one location and, if you wish, insert it at another (with Paste). Copy is used to duplicate text from one 2-22 location in the document to another. And Paste is used to insert text that has been cut or copied. When you select the type operation that you want your mouse pointer will change shape and the "Action" indicator in the status window will reflect the new mode. SCRIBBLE! will remain in this mode until specifically told to return to the Edit mode. Once in the proper mode, it is a simple matter to define the text you wish to operate upon. There are two methods, one using the mouse and the other using the keyboard. You MUST use the keyboard method if the text you wish to define is not completely displayed on the screen at one time. If you can see all of the text you wish to operate on, you can use the mouse. To define a block of text with the mouse, point at the start of the block, press and hold the left mouse button, point at the end of the block (which causes the text to highlight as you move), and release the left mouse button. The block operation correct for the currently engaged mode (Cut or Copy) will be performed as soon as you release the mouse button. If you make a mistake when defining the block with the mouse and you want to get out of the block definition sequence, just move the mouse pointer off the edit window on the left hand or top borders. The block definition will be instantly aborted and you can release the left mouse button. 2-23 Defining a block of text with the keyboard is equally simple. Move the cursor to where you want the block to begin and press the F9 function key. Move the cursor to the end of the block, which will cause the text to highlight as you move, and press RETURN. The indicated block operation will be instantly performed. To delete a block of text, simply cut it and forget about it. If you want to move the block, first you must cut it, and then select the Paste mode. When you're in the paste mode either move the cursor to where you want the block to be and press F9 or point with the mouse (if you're moving it to a location on the screen currently) and click the left button. Copying a block is identical, except that you must use the Copy command instead of Cut. Copy just "takes a picture" of the text (which is the reason for the mouse pointer taking on a camera shape). Then when you use Paste and insert it somewhere else in the document, you'll have two copies of the block. The block operation even work between windows. This is how you would append two documents, for example. Load the first document into window one, open a second window and load the second document into it. Then either Cut or Copy the document in the second window and Paste it into the first (or vice versa, depending on what you want to end up with). 2-24 STYLING YOUR TEXT The same general rules apply when styling existing text. As you saw in the list command keys covered earlier, you can change the style of your text while you are typing it in by using the special function keys assigned to this task. However, applying style to existing text is another matter altogether. First, just as with block operations, you must define the style you wish to apply. Select the Style command on the Text menu and a pop-out menu appears with your choices listed on it. You may choose either Plain or any combination of the other three. (This does mean that Plain overrides the other settings.) Once you've defined what style to apply, the mouse pointer will assume the shape of an artist's paint brush and the "Action" indicator in the status window will read "Style". Now, just define the block you want to style exactly as described above for the other block operations. To remove all style from text that is already styled, you only need to apply the Plain "style" to it. Plain is actually the absence of other styles. 2-26 THE EDITOR'S TOOL BOX No word processor would be worth the disk it's stored on if it did not include a host of text manipulation functions to make the job of editing a document simpler. SCRIBBLE! offers you the ability to move, copy and delete marked blocks of text. You can move quickly through a document, deleting and inserting characters. Special printing functions like boldface and underline are available, along with other advanced formatting features. While many SCRIBBLE! functions utilize easy to operate menus, a good number are also activated by keyboard commands. The flow of work is made faster and more efficient by speeding the development of text without distracting the user's attention to a menu. A number of "transparent" commands are used for simple operations. They are sometimes called "ALT commands", since they are activated by pressing the ALT key, and while continuing to hold the ALT key, pressing one additional key. Some commands use the "Amiga key" sequence, instead. This entails pressing and holding the right hand Amiga key (the stylized A) and typing the proper letter. Amiga keys are sued when the command is a duplicate of a command found in the menu structure (such as Copy and Paste). SCRIBBLE! provides these for many command menu commands. 2-26 Look at the list of ALT key commands below: ALT D Delete character under cursor E Cursor to last line of document, but same column G Imbed Printer control code I Toggle the Insert/Overwrite modes of text entry J Moves cursor to next (printed) page break L Deletes the current line (permanently) P Force new page Q Quit changes to line R Temporarily remove justified spaces from a line to allow better editing S Delete all spaces up to the next non-space character T Cursor to first line of document, but same column 2-27 PRINTING OUT YOUR DOCUMENTS AND FORMAT LINES If you wish to change the margins, spacing or other printer characteristics temporarily, you can enter a format line into the body of the text. A format line is any line which begins with a period character. SCRIBBLE! will not print any of text on this line, but rather scans the line for legal dot commands. A dot command is a two letter command, an equals mark, and an argument (sometimes a value, sometimes a Y/N switch). For example, to set a temporary left margin, change the line length and active justification (which is something you might do for an insert paragraph), you'd use the format line: .LM=10,LL=40,JU=Y Note that all three commands can be on the same line as long as they are separated by commas. Remember that if this a temporary format, you must re-set to the original specifications after the affected block. For example, you might return to a format something like: .LM-0,LL=54,JU=N Dot commands will not alter the way the text looks on the display screen. Only menu commands can do that. Dot commands will only be seen when your text is actually printing (or when you use Print Preview). 2-28 IMBEDDING SPECIAL PRINTER CONTROL COMMANDS You can insert control characters to activate special print characteristics that may be supported by your printer. Use the following format: .#O/x=string of characters The "#O" tells SCRIBBLE! to use this code when it sees the ALT-G symbol followed by a "O". The "x" is either O or 1 (1 means that the string will produce a printed character, so justify it; O means that the string is for printer control only). The string of characters can be either (ASCH text or control characters (e.g. "A would send a CTRL-A). Also allowed are decimal values, preceded by a percent sign (e.g, %221 would send a 221 decimal). When reading decimal numbers, input will be accepted until the next non-numeric digit (or for a maximum of three digits, whichever happens first). Any ASCH character can be "programmed" into a document with this feature following the insertion of the proper format line such as this example. .#O/1=%175 The "." tell SCRIBBLE! that a format line is coming. The #O tells it that we are defining a code that will follow ALT-G, in this case the numeral "O" (although it could be any between O and 9). The "/1" tells you 2-29 that the 175 character will be a printable character; if you wish to specify a non-printable control sequence such as superscript or subscript, it should be followed by a "/O", that way it will not alter text justification. The "%175" is the decimal equivalent of a paragraph symbol on some printers. (Consult your printer manual for a listing of characters and their decimal equivalents). Most printer manuals list the special characters on a reference page. Usually each character is listed with its decimal, hexadecimal, octal and sometimes binary code. SCRIBBLE! uses only the decimal value. So in addition to the normal boldface, underline, and italic codes, you can "program" ten more to be used at your discretion. If you are using a printer driver specified with the Preferences tool, then you'll want to specify escape sequences that it understands with these printer variables. (In other words, if you want to superscript on your printer, instead of sending the code that makes your printer superscript, send the code that makes Preferences superscript on your printer.) The following list shows you what escape sequences Preferences understands. Whether or not your printer driver supports this feature is not assured. The Amiga ROM Kernal Manual, Volume 2, contains a list of which printer drivers support which features, but that list is too long to publish here. You can experiment 2-30 with trial and error to see which features work and which do not, if you like: All of these sequences must be preceded by an ESCAPE (decimal 27). This is VERY important! Code Description c Reset #1 Initialize D Line feed E Line feed, Carriage return M Reverse line feed ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ [Om Normal character on [3m Italics on [23m Italics off [4m Underline on [24m Underline off [1m Boldface on [22m Boldface off [nm Set foreground (n=color; O to 39) [nm Set background (n=color; 40 to 49) ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ [Ow Normal pitch [2w Elite on [1w Elite off [4w Condensed fine on [3w Condensed off [6w Enlarged on [5w Enlarged off 2-31 Code Description [6"z Shadow print on [5"z Shadow print off [4"z Doublestrike on [3"z Doublestrike off [2"z Near Letter Quality on [1"z Near Letter Quality off ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ [2v Superscript on [1v Superscript off [4v Subscript on [3v Subscript off [Ov Normalize the line L Partial line up K Partial line down ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ (B U. S. Character set (R French " " (K German " " (A U. K. " " (E Danish I " " (H Swedish " " (Y Italian " " (Z Spanish " " (J Japanese " " (6 Norwegian " " (C Danish II " " 2-32 Code Description [2p Proportional on [1p Proportional off [Op Proportional clear [n E Set proportional offset (n) [5 F Auto left justify [7 F Auto right justify [6 F Auto full justify [O F Justify off [3 F Letter space (justify) [1 F Word fill (auto center) ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ [Oz 1/8" line spacing [1z 1/6" line spacing [nt Set form length (n) [nq Perforation skip (n>0) [Oq Perforation skip off ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ ‚ #9 Left margin set #0 Right margin set #8 Top margin set #2 Bottom margin set [n1;n2r Top;Bottom margins [n1;n2s Left;Right margins #3 Clear margins 2-33 Code Description H Set horizontal tab J Set vertical tab [Og Clear horizontal tab [3g Clear all horizontal tabs [1g Clear vertical tab [4g Clear all vertical tabs #4 Clear all horizontal and vertical tabs #5 Set default tabs [Pn"x (Extended commands) Some of the above list are duplicates of SCRIBBLE! functions. Where this occurs, use the function built into SCRIBBLE!. Save these escape sequences for things such as super/subscripting. And again, remember that these are the escape sequences that Preferences knows and will translate for your printer driver, if it accepts such codes. If a function does not work with your printer, it is probably because the printer driver supplied for your printer does not support it. WHAT TO DO IF YOUR PRINTER IS NOT IN PREFERENCES It was obvious that many of you would not be using a printer that Preferences supported a driver for. We therefore had SCRIBBLE! make special provision to bypass the Preferences drivers altogether. In these cases, 2-34 you must use printer variables to specify the printer control values for YOUR printer (i.e. not from the table above). Instead of selecting Print Go Printer to begin your printout, select Print Go File. When SCRIBBLE! prompts you for the filename to print into, enter "PAR:" (minus the quotes). This is the name of the parallel device. All data will then be sent to the printer completely untranslated. It means that the on screen boldface, underline and italics cannot be used, since these transmit Preferences escape sequences. And it means that you cannot use the Print Forward feature, since this assumes you will print to the normal printer device (PRT:). You'll have to compensate by using the printer variables or deleting text that has been already printed before. Hopefully, your printer will be among those listed in Preferences, and you will not have these problems. But if you DO have the problems, SCRIBBLE! should let you compensate. FORMAT LINES FOR COMPLETE PRINTER CONTROL The following commands can be embedded into a document with format lines. Remember, these format 2-35 lines will not be printed. They only control the way the document will look. Note that format commands should be preceded by a period "." and must be isolated on a line, not imbeded within a sentence, although multiple commands may be placed on the same line, separated by commas. TEXT FORMATTING CODES .JU=Y/N Begins justifying text .FR=Y/N Begins printing flush right .HI=xx Set hanging indent to "xx" column These codes are explained under the section "Text Justification", covered earlier. SETTING SCRIBBLE! MARGINS .PO=xx Set page offset (default 0) .EO=xx Set even page offset (default 0) .OO=xx Set odd page offset (default 0) .LM=xx Set left margin (default 0) .RM=xx Set right margin (default 65) .LL=xx Set Line Length (default 65) .LS=xx Set Line Spacing to 1 .PN=xx Begin page numbering with xx 2-36 PRINTER CONTROLS AND MISCELLANEOUS .LF=Y/N Line feeds after carriage returns ..text Non-printing remark line .#x/x=ccc Define special print code HEADER AND FOOTER FORMATS No word processor is complete without Headers (titles at the top of the page) and Footers (titles at the bottom). SCRIBBLE! supports both. Although it only allows a single line for a title, the format within this line is most flexible with several built in convenience functions. The symbol @ and # can be used to include the current date @ or page number (#) within a title. When the @ symbol appears the result is the date printed in the following format: DD-MON-YY. Here's a list of all the title commands (a title is a header or footer), and some examples of how they work and what sort of output they generate: TITLE FORMAT COMMAND PRINT LOCATION .HE Header Top Margin .FO Footer Bottom Margin .EH Even Header Even Pages (Top Margin) .OH Odd Header Odd Pages (Top Margin) .EF Even Footer Even Page (Bottom Margin) .OF Odd Footer Odd Page (Bottom Margin) 2-37 All these titles follow the same general format: .HE=Left/Center/Right Examples: .HE=@/Page #/SCRIBBLE! Header Results: 11-MAY-86 Page 1 SCRIBBLE! .HE=//SCRIBBLE! Header Result: SCRIBBLE! Header Result: SCRIBBLE! .HE=/Page #/ Header Result: Page 1 2-38 Footers work just like headers, except using ".FO" instead of ".HE". Also, if you boldface or underline part of the header/footer text, then that portion of the header or footer will be boldfaced or underlined when printed out. However, take care not to apply any special style to the format dot commands themselves. SCRIBBLE! will not understand a boldfaced ".HE". SPECIAL PAGE CONTROL .SS=Y/N Single Sheet paper used .HM=xx Header Margin (xx lines) .FM=xx Footer Margin (xx lines) .PL=xx Physical Page Length (default 66) .PS=xx Page spacing between pages (MB + MT) .MT=xx Margin Top (default 6) .MB=xx Margin Bottom (default 6) .CP=xx Conditional Page (new page;