The parts of the measure you have decided not to use will be shown in white, and you cannot edit in this area. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |f388|dfc4|cc60|ca4c|ec88|c6e4|ff00|fd4c|b5e8|blc4|bec0|eeec| b |d7b0|8a98|7f80|6f68|71d0|7478|4720|3a88|2cf0|1fd8|b2c0|47e8| c |57e0|7570|2b00|d590|fe20|e7b0|d140|bbd0|a660|cdf0|7780|7110| d |1e70|fbd8|dbc0|bab8|9af0|7b28|dbe0|7bd0|fbd0|fd08|fcc0|be78| 10 4.1.1 Percussion Instrument Adrum, like any other drum machine, deals with percussion instruments, that is, it only cares when a sound starts, the duration of the sound depending upon the sound itself. Now, the four strips you have in front of you (no matter how long they are) represent time for each hardware voice. To make a sound at any time in the black strips, you select a sound from the top strip (a black dash will move to it) and click in one of the four black strips for the voice you wanted to sound. The position along the strip will determine when the sound is played. Use the dots as an accurate guide. You will see a letter representing the sound appear where you clicked. You can remove it, by clicking on it, using the right mouse button. You can put more sounds anywhere you like in the black strips. 4.1.2 Playback Control To hear what you have produced click on 'PLAYm>', the fourth button down is Playback Control. To hear it continuously, depress the 'REPEAT' button before playing. To stop the Playback click on 'STOP'. you can alter the tempo by using the speed slider control. 4.2 More Editing Functions 4.2.1 Insert Delete As well as the basic putting and removing of sounds ADrum lets you use some extra editing functions. These are to be found under the 'Edit' menu. Insert and Delete do not actually enter sounds, but move the present ones around by inserting or deleting entries in the measure strips and, therefore moving the strip to the right, forward or back. Note that any sounds pushed off the end of the strip will be lost. 4.2.2 Replace Replace allows you to easily change one sound for another. Clicking on a sound different to the one presently selected will change all occurrences of that sound in the strip to the selected one. This also works with the right button for multiple, but for selective removal. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |dc70|addc|bf88|flba|e3dc|f678|4620|17da|2970|3b5c|5cd0|5f6a| b |74ae|7cdf|a530|ddb1|f5d2|9e63|bf74|eec5|b736|bf77|cfb8|fle9| c |4dec|ffe6|cae0|4dda|6ad4|47ce|4ec8|d5c2|64bc|4bb6|76b0|63aa| d |ad4e|5afd|16d0|87f3|fbd6|f57d|ff9c|dcff|f66e|c905|bda8|f35b| 11 4.2.3 Livewrite Livewrite is a means to edit while ADrum is playing back an existing measure or sequence. Select one of the numbers in the livewrite sub-menu, this number is the hardware voice strip you are going to edit. Then, while you are playing a measure, either using 'PLAYm>' or 'PLAY>', playing a sound on the computer keyboard will enter that sound into the measure, at that time in the chosen strip. Pressing the space bar will remove the sounds. Playing the measure at a slower tempo is recommended with this editing function. The other editing functions are still available when ADrum is not playing. Selecting 'OFF' in the livewrite sub-menu assures safety during playback. 4.2.4 Track Edit Once you have created a number of measures you can string them together to form a whole drum sequence. This is done by specifying the order of how the measures are to be played and how many times each measure plays. To enter a measure into the track sequence change the number under measure in the track edit panel. Make sure you press the RETURN key. If you enter in a blank measure the current measure will be used. Then enter the number of times that this measure will play at this point in the sequence, under the times section. Then click in the box to the right where you want to put this entry. The entry will be inserted at this point, pushing the one you clicked on, and the rest below, down one. So, for the first entry click on END OF SEQ. Clicking on an entry with the right mouse button will delete it. Then pressing 'PLAY>' in the playback panel will play the entire track. 'REPEAT' can be used for continuous play back. 4.2.5 Measure to Measure Copy At some time it may be useful to copy a measure to another, so that a section of rhythm which is similar can be edited to form a new one. This can be achieved by first, selecting the measure you want to copy as the current measure. Then select the sub-menu 'FROM', and 'COPY' under the edit menu. Now select, as the current measure, the measure that you want to copy to. To actually do the copy, select the sub menu 'TO' which is underneath from. All the measure data and the beat length will now have been copied. You will have noted that the number of the measure you have selected to copy from appeared next to the word 'from' in the copy sub menu. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |64f0|cbf0|b300|fa18|c560|aeb8|4fc0|7e50|9f60|c470|eba0|9798| b |d36c|73e6|8ef0|ffba|da54|ea4e|64c8|23a2|453c|5ef6|feb0|9a6a| c |c5f8|765c|6ac0|7f24|df88|b7ec|bc50|f2b4|f518|ff7c|6de0|2244| d |358c|bb96|46e0|51ae|5cfc|6fce|72d8|7fee|88fc|9566|bfd0|aa1e| 12 4.2.6 Saving the Project The first menu is called Project. Again select 'PATH' and check that the disk directory that you wish to use for ADrum Projects is correct. Then select save, and save the Project under any name you wish, the same way you did for the drumkit. After clicking on OK the measure data, the track sequence, the speed, and the drumkit name is saved. Note that only the name of the drumkit is saved, like the way the name of the samples are saved for a drumkit. Therefore make sure the drumkit has the right name by either saving the drumkit first if it needs to be, or using the rename function in the drumkit menu. Use open in the Project menu to load in a previous Project, but make sure that both the drumkit and the sample paths are correctly set. After loading in a Project, ADrum will attempt to load in the correct drumkit, which in turn will attempt to load the sampled sounds. 4.2.7 Backup Project Selecting backup will save the Project under the current name straight away. This allows you to make quick saves after the first normal save. 4.2.8 Revert Revert will open a Project under the current name, which is usually the same Project, but without the latest alterations. 4.2.9 New Project New Project clears out all the measures and sequence data. It does not remove the current drumkit. This is because we suggest that the best way to make a new drumkit is to load in the standard drumkit and edit this. If you do, however, require a blank drumkit, we have provided one for you to load. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |2d94|6a0a|e6f8|a688|9f70|7bea|98e0|dffc|15dc|5dca|9b40|d7f8| b |bbca|6d6d|bc90|cfb3|fef6|73f9|675c|b93f|cb62|ff85|31a8|e4cb| c |b704|66d2|9aa0|f46e|ff3c|4c0a|35d8|5ba6|8774|ff42|db10|c3de| d |3bbe|7e37|7eb0|dd69|bdee|fe5b|ffbc|lf2d|bf86|7fff|a978|fcf9| 13 5.0 ADRUM AND MIDI MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, and as ADrum turns your AMIGA into a digital instrument it seems natural to support it. For the AMIGA to use MIDI you must have a standard interface in the AMIGA's serial port, and another instrument with MIDI (maybe another AMIGA running ADrum), and a serial lead connecting them together. As this set up is not cheap and is probably used by a dedicated musician we will assume that you already know something about MIDI. 5.0.1 Further Reading If you do not much about MIDI, but are interested we suggest that you read a publication about MIDI, as it is worth knowing more than we have room to explain here. We recommend MIDI for Musicians by Craig Anderson, published by Amsco US ISBN 0.8256.2214.X UK ISBN 0.7119.0822.2. 5.0.2 MIDI In and Out ADrum supports both MIDI In and Out. To select the channel use the MIDI menu items In and Out. If you click on SOUNDS above the In in the MIDI control Panel, ADrum will accept note-on codes and play one of its sounds in live time mode. ADrum only listens for note on and note off. ADrum responds to the bottom two octaves on a five octave keyboard, ranging from C two octaves below middle C to middle C#. If SOUNDS out is selected and a hardware voice is turned off then ADrum sends a note on, quickly followed by a note off, whatever mode it is in. The receiving' instrument must be using a percussion instrument, say, a piano. 5.0.3 MIDI Clock ADrum also uses clock in and out, using start and stop codes to allow ADrum to be master, slave or both. MIDI uses twenty four clock pulses per beat for timing, but ADrum has variable beat notation. This means that ADrum has to respond to 24/dots per beat. The MCpB sub-menu allows you to choose the most common ones. Therefore select 6 if you are using 4 dots per beat. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |f6c0|4ca8|9a40|efe0|7dd0|8fb8|ele0|33e0|8560|ffe8|2980|7ee0| b |9128|59b4|a640|eacc|7758|7fe4|e470|0cfc|f588|9e14|e6a0|6fac| c |2c10|6b48|aa80|f9b8|38f0|6928|af60|e698|77d0|6708|ec40|f378| d |4ef8|7cdc|fbc0|eda4|5ee8|546c|8e50|dc34|fe38|3ffc|65e0|97f4| 14 6.0 Reference Section DO NOT READ THIS SECTION! (yet) Wait until you find that you cannot remember how to use a function of ADrum and then look here for a reminder. 6.0.1 The Menu Contents These are not available in the play mode. 6.0.2 Project Menu 6.0.3 New This will erase the current measure and track contents ready for a fresh Project. 6.0.4 Open This will allow you to load in a project. Make sure that the drumkit and sample paths are correct. 6.0.5 Save This will save a Project. Make sure that the drumkit has the correct name. 6.0.6 Backup This will save a prenamed/presaved Project. This allows quick backup saves to be made while editing. 6.0.7 Revert This loads a Project with the same name as the current Project. 6.0.8 Path This allows you to set the current disk directory you want to use for your project files. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |bef0|b638|8fa8|f4ca|5e34|dbdc|3ab0|d9ea|f930|7978|d7f0|2f0a| b |fa26|4dfb|abf0|09e5|e7fa|edcf|a3c4|elb9|dfae|3de3|df98|f9ad| c |311c|f5be|ca60|bf02|77a4|e946|1ce8|778a|e72c|dbce|ef70|c412| d |da7e|9dad|fdd0|741f|7f6e|cfbd|f60c|el5b|beee|f7fd|43e8|ae97| 15 6.1 Edit Menu 6.1.1 Put This selects the normal editing mode where a sound can be simply be entered or removed. 6.1.2 Delete This will delete entries in the measure, shifting the remainder on the right to the left one ADrum beat. 6.1.3 Insert This inserts blank spaces into the measures shifting the entries on the right and losing the last entry on the right as it scrolls off. 6.1.4 Replace This allows you to change common occurrences of one sound in a strip to another. Click on the one you want to change and it will change into the selected instrument. If the right mouse button is used the entries will be removed. 6.1.5. Livewrite This allows real time editing of the measures. Refer to the previous section on livewrite. 6.1.6 CopyMeasure This function allows you to copy a measure to another specific measure. You must specify the start and destination measure using the sub menus. 6.2 Drumkit 6.2.1 Load This loads a drumkit, and then all the samples it needs. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |b7a0|4670|a580|fdb0|7ae0|f7d0|73c0|f070|6d60|e9d0|7780|f7b0| b |eee4|4262|bfa0|2cfe|bc5c|4fba|cb98|f776|69d4|dd32|7290|c3ee| c |1628|9034|ea40|5c4c|fe58|6864|9270|fc7c|e688|d094|3aa0|e4ac| d |7d6c|be26|lee0|7fba|e0d4|c91e|b3c8|8a82|e33c|c3f6|74f0|a5fa| 16 6.2.2 Save This saves the sound for a drumkit. 6.2.3 Rename This allows you to change the name of the drumkit, without saving it. 6.2.4 Path This allows you to set the current disk directory you want to use for your drumkit files. 6.3 MIDI 6.3.1 Out This selects the output MIDI channel. Select the number from the sub-menu. 6.3.2 In This selects the input MIDI channel. Select the number from the sub-menu. 6.3.3 MCpB This is for converting your ADrum beat notation to that of another drum machine. Refer to MIDI section 5.0. 6.4 Sample 6.4.1 Reload This makes ADrum forget all the sample it has in memory and try to reload them again. This is useful if you are running low on memory and need to jiggle with the AMIGA's memory allocation system. Small gaps of memory may be recovered, especially if you have been playing around with the drumkit a lot. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |585c|e2fa|f4c8|079c|98b0|2bca|fdf0|6ef8|ed14|f32a|8740|97dc| b |edc2|3699|bfd0|6897|d0de|5fb5|e2ec|ebf3|fbfa|fed1|8588|8f5f| c |8b34|8aaa|2a20|cb96|590c|8882|47f8|afee|07e4|a6da|lfd0|8546| d |68a6|deeb|dcf0|eb55|413e|b75f|ad8c|b3a9|5fde|8ffb|lfd8|7dbd| 17 6.4.2 Path This allows you to set the current disk directory you want to use for your sample files. 6.4.3 Getname This allows you to choose a sample name from the current path. 6.5 Sound Generation 6.5.1 SoundSelect Clicking on one of the twenty-six squares at the top of the screen will select an instrument slot to edit. The letter of the selected sound will appear half-way down the screen with an asterisk if that sound is presently not in memory. 6.5.2 Loading a sound Enter a sample name in the slot next to the gadget button. Then click on ISSUE to load the sample and get its default settings. Press the shifted letter on the keyboard to hear the sound. 6.5.3 Editing a sound The rate, length number of sustain repeats and relative volume can be all changed using the gadgets below the sample name. Illegal values are caught so not to crash the machine. 6.5.4 Sound Output The AMIGA has four hardware voices. ADrum creates sequences that can play all four voices at once. Clicking on one of the buttons named L1,R2,R3,L4 to the off state stops AMIGA audio on that channel. Also the voice needs to be off if it is to be used for MIDI output. 6.5.5 Measure Edit Choose which measure to edit by using the measure slider. The number of ADrum beats for this measure can be chosen using the beats slider. The tempo can be chosen using the speed slider. The various edit modes can be used to put sounds in a measure. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |9958|e294|6c20|2f84|b768|5e84|26a0|af94|d558|fcd4|b500|cfa4| b |aea0|2ed0|f900|7730|3560|b3d0|6bd0|dff0|7f20|lcd0|be80|59b0| c |1440|9520|2e00|bee0|d3c0|eda0|fd80|1360|e740|7d20|d100|f5e0| d |73e0|ff70|8fc0|5698|eea0|3db8|f9e0|54d0|d0f0|5bf0|e708|7378| 18 6.5.6 Playback The playback control consists of six buttons. Click on PLAYm> to hear the present measure played. Depress REPEAT for continuous playing. Use STOP to return to edit mode. PlAY> is used to play complete sequence. Pause will halt playback of a measure or sequence until it is pressed again. V off is used to stop the scan bar that crosses the measure. 6.5.7 Track Edit Change the numbers under Measure and Times in the track edit panel to appropriate values. Click in the sequence box to inset the new entry. Use the right mouse button to remove an entry. the present version allows up to 128 entries. 6.5.8 MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Refer to the previous section on MIDI 5.0. 19 7.0 Glossary Accent This is the way a real drummer puts expression into his work. You can simulate this by changing the volume slightly of the drumsounds. You have to store each sound in the kit again at different volume to do it but you have a twenty-six piece kit. Beat The standard timing measure of music. Click Means depress on the left mouse button while the pointer is over the desired object. Drumkit This is a collection of sounds to form the instrument known as the drum machine. Files IFF This is a standard file format. ADrum recognizes the IFF sound format used by other packages which includes data on frequency and looping. Gating A common sound used today on drums is the gate-reverb. We Have included on your disk pure reverb signals. They may be gated by placing them after a drum sound and then placing another sound, or blank, in the channel to 'cut' them short. Measure This is a unit of sequence that contains a commonly repeated drum pattern. Menu Is a choice of function accessed by clicking the right mouse button along the top of the screen. MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface. A standard enabling musical instruments to communicate. MIDI allows you to play another instrument from ADrum or synchronize a sequencer playing a keyboard. It in fact truly FAB and we suggest further reading as there is insufficient space here to it justice! Mouse Is an input device used by the AMIGA! Panning By placing two identical drum sounds on a left and right channel ( L1 and R2, say ) stereo placing is possible. However, if you have several sounds the same, but with different volumes, placing in order going left to right a gentle sweep called a pan is achieved. The rate is controlled by position and the number of volume increments. Project The name given to the current drum patterns you are designing. Resolution The number of ADrums beats to a musical beat. Usually eight, though by doubling the speed and beat sliders, sixteen can be achieved. You do not have to stick to conventional amounts, be original! 20 Sample Rate This is the rate at which a sound is played. Sampled Sound The way that ADrum produces a sound. This is digitization of real live sounds. Adrum is not a sound sampler, but can load in IFF format files from any available sampler. 8.0 Appendix For best results it is recommended that you do not use the disk drives while ADrum is playing a rhythm. Due to 'task priorities' within the AMIGA, ADrum slows down slightly on each disk access. Best playback occurs when all disk drives have disks in them. Note: In code input sometimes 1 and l are confused as in to which is actually represented in the manual due to unclear printing in the manual. So your code entry may be wrong, but you typed what this manual says, just type the second code offered you and try again. Sorry for the inconvenience. BullFrog Productions 21 ============================================================================ DOCS PROVIDED BY -+*+-THE SOUTHERN STAR-+*+- for M.A.A.D. ============================================================================