A DRUM The Rhythm Maker Contents 1.0 An Introduction to ADrum 2.0 An Introductory Tutorial 3.0 General Use of ADrums 4.0 Using the Sequencer 5.0 ADrum and MIDI 6.0 Reference Section 7.0 Glossary 8.0 Appendix 2 1.0 An Introduction to ADRUM. Welcome to ADrum, the Rhythm Maker! With this program you can create new and exciting drum-beats to the stun the music world, well almost anyway! You may not own a sampler, do not worry. ADrum comes equipped with its own sounds and there should be enough to be getting along with until you buy a sampler. Most of the important info is in this manual, but briefly here is a description of ADrum. It is a four voice drum machine capable of stereo output using sound samples loaded from the disk on IFF format (a standard music files type used by all popular samplers). You may interchange samples from one drumkit to another to create new kits and therefore, original work. A total of twenty-six instruments (drums) can be installed in ADRUM depending of course on the memory available. When we say 'drums' it is totally possible to use any sound as an instrument. Use Adrum with imagination. Despite the price it is a powerful tool and will reward you with hours of pleasure. We expect to see you in the charts using Adrum soon! 1.0.1 Access Code ADrum has an access code entry system. To use it you must have the manual. At the foot of each page there is a list of coded letters and numbers. When you first load up, ADrum will give you a page number in this manual. You must then cross reference to get the four digits and enter them. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |feob|fdlc|2b88|89ea|f85c|56b8|bd60|238a|bdf0|f75c|f6d0|bf3a| b |7d9e|daa7|37b0|b4f9|f9e2|cedb|asd4|4add|65e6|e2ef|dff8|7d41| c |a48e|f9b6|6be0|df8a|f334|d6de|9a88|ee32|49dc|b586|ed30|3eda| d |cb7e|15c5|6a10|eb5b|f4a6|fef5|89fc|d787|1dde|e81d|b368|fcb3| 3 2.0 An Introductory Tutorial This tutorial is not intended to teach you completely to use ADrum, but to give you a gentle start. It starts off with some very direct instructions and gets more vague as its proceeds! 2.0.1 Amiga WIMP System Some knowledge of operating the Amigas WIMP system is expected to be known. If this is not the case please read your Amigas user guide first. You are encouraged to experiment, as long as you have the disk write protect tag in the open, you cannot harm your purchase (or pirated copy). You are required to use your imagination, as this is a creative program, so start tapping your foot and boot up ADrum.... 2.0.2 Opening a Project When you have loaded ADrum as directed above select 'Open' from the 'Project' menu. You should be presented with a choice of demo projects that we have prepared for you. Click on 'Basic' and then click on 'OK'. A short pause will follow as ADrum loads in the sequence, drumkit, and sound samples. 2.0.3 Playing a Project When the pointer returns to normal and the disk drive stops, click on the 'PLAY>' box, near the bottom of the screen. Sit back and listen to the drum sequence until it finishes. Now move the measure slider (the one directly under the score) to select measure 3. The number is shown next to the slider. Now click on the 'Repeat' box above the 'Play>' one and then click on the 'PLAYm>' box. After a few cycles stop the play back by clicking on the 'STOP' box. 2.0.4 Tempo Changes Change the tempo by using the speed slider and click on 'Playm>' again. Muck around for a while with this, and restore it to normal, somewhere in the middle. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |lf60|9f38|df00|93d0|4eb0|aa70|8640|a238|fff0|f9f8|f5a0|7350| b |5efc|ceee|6960|f7d2|b644|bab6|4ba8|fdba|f0cc|637e|d6f0|dfe2| c |f998|22ac|7bc0|ded4|3de8|eefc|1010|7d24|fe38|6b4c|bc60|1f74| d |debc|766e|96e0|f5d6|559c|b5d6|ddf8|74ae|dc6c|369e|dbd0|f3d6| 4 2.05 Resolution Changes Now change the number of beats to 16 by using the middle slider. This will blank out some of the measure with white, and the number 16 should be by the word 'Beats'. 2.1 Editing Now click on the 'L' at the top middle of the screen. Click in the second row of the score under both the 'A's. Two 'L's should appear. Play the measures again by clicking 'Playm>'. You should hear that you have added hand claps. Stop the measure and delete the 'L's by clicking on them using the RIGHT mouse button. Put them back. Select the 'P' instrument by clicking on the 'P' at the top of the screen. Change two 'N's in the bottom two score rows to 'P's. Play the measure to see what it sounds like. 2.1.1 Powerful Editing For a bit more powerful editing, select 'Replace' from the 'Edit' menu. Select the 'O' instrument and click on an 'M' in the bottom row, and you will see that all the 'M's change in to 'O's. Listen to the result. It is a bit noisy so select 'W' and change the 'O's into 'W's. Reselect 'Put' from the 'Edit' menu and select the 'A' instrument. Put as 'A' in the first row between the 'D' and 'A'. Have a listen if you wish. 2.1.2 Changing Samples If you look in the Sound edit area in the bottom left part of the screen you will see that 'A' is a bass drum. This is the name of the sample on the disk. We can change this. Making sure that you still have 'A' selected, choose 'Getname' from the 'Sample' menu. ADrum will show a list of samples it has in the present directory. Select the one called 'Bom' and click on 'OK'. Then click on 'ISSUE' in the sound edit area (near 'REPEAT') and the sound will be loaded. Now listen to the measure. Click on the number next to word 'Rate' and change it to 5000. Remember to press RETURN. Listen again. Change it to 7000 and listen. Try some other values. Click on the 'DEF' button to restore the sound back to normal. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |e854|794a|0a88|bbf8|3cf0|be6a|df60|e0dc|73dc|d30a|9440|3778| b |bb7a|c3b5|4b90|fafb|5ac6|e3el|7b7c|fa57|7b32|621d|89e8|llc8| c |9fa4|6f22|8ba0|0a1e|e99c|079a|9598|0496|b294|0112|7f90|ff0e| d |eife|5f0f|cc70|4159|b77e|7b93|b0bc|15d5|9af6|04b7|7538|ee59| 5 2.1.3 Manual Play Press the 'CAPS LOCK' button on the keyboard so that the LED is on, and then press the 'A' key. You will hear the 'Bom' sound out of your left speaker (you are not doing ADrum justice using it in mono). All the other keys up to the 'Z' should make a sound. Play around with the sounds on the keyboard to make up a drum rhythm. Now select 'New' from the 'Project menu' and click on 'OK'. The old sequence will be cleared, but the drumkit will stay. Try and load in a different drumkit if you wish, using the 'Load' in the drumkit menu. 2.2 Rhythm Making Try and make up two measures in measures 1 and 2, say each of 16 beats long. Do not do anything extravagant, a simple 'dum da, dum dum da' will do, but make use of the two speakers if you can. You can test the measures with 'Playm>' and you can use any speed you wish. Enter a '1' in the box under the word 'Measure' in the 'Track Edit' section. This is the lower right of the screen. Enter a '3' in the 'Times' box directly below. Remember to press return after each entry. Click on the words 'END OF SEQ' to the right. A 'M 1 X 3' should appear. Now enter a '2' in the measures box and a '1' in the times box. Click on 'END OF SEQ' again. Now, with 'REPEAT' selected, click on 'PLAY>' and listen to your composition. Change one of the sounds that you have used. Make sure that you have selected the instrument you want to change before using 'Getname'. Follow this with 'Issue' to load the sound. Load in a new Project from the ADrum disk and chop and change it. This is the best way to learn how to use ADRUM. Use the relative sections in the General Use section of this manual to see how to perform the operations you want. Read the section on how to save your work. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |b1e0|5770|fe00|a4a0|4b60|f3e0|9ac0|3f30|e5c0|ef70|3300|fba0| b |3a38|f77c|7cc0|fb04|cf48|6c8c|cdd0|6f14|6558|a99c|3ee0|dc24| c |c3b0|9798|ab80|7f68|d350|7738|fb20|bf08|62f0|b6d8|4ac0|ffa8| d |ef28|f7b4|9e40|decc|lf58|ale4|2ef0|b6fc|45c8|ce54|56a0|e9ac| 6 3.0 General Use of ADrum 3.1 Loading a Sound First select 'PATH' from the Samples Menu. The present disk directory from which the sound samples will be taken is displayed. If this is not correct change it and then click OK else click on CANCEL. The default path is INSTR:. This is a logical assign (refer to DOS manual) to a directory on the ADrum disk. On a backup version of ADrum you can change the assignment in the startup-sequence file (in the s directory) to a directory of your own. For instance on your hard disk. 3.1.1 Loading Instruments When you are sure you have the correct path select one of the letters at the top of the screen. This will select an instrument slot for you to create a sound in. The letter will appear at the top of the sound generator area with a sample name below it. An unused instrument slot will have the name ':No Sample' (in ADrum all names beginning with a ':' refers to a null name). If there is an asterisk to the right of the letter it means that there is not presently a sample loaded in memory for that instrument. 3.1.2 Issuing Instruments To load your desired sample you must provide its name. You can do this by either clicking on the box where the name should be and typing it in or by using 'Getname' from the sample directory. The latter will provide you with the files in the samples directory from which you can choose. After selecting a name by either method you can then click on ISSUE, which is next to the name. This will load the sample, if it is not already in memory, and then fill in the default values for Rate and Length. Note that ADrum uses IFF sound files, refer to the glossary for more information. When the sound is loaded and the asterisk has disappeared the sound can be heard by pressing the shifted (or with CAPS LOCK on) letter corresponding to the selected instrument slot. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |79f0|3778|fla8|ef9a|79d4|35dc|e3b0|9daa|dfb0|15f8|f3f0|cdca| b |f9l6|bfd3|5f70|9l9d|c3ea|7677|ab64|dbfl|8e7e|692b|ffd8|a695| c |fcbc|f20e|cb60|74b2|1e04|cf56|78a8|99fa|d34c|6c9e|57f0|bf42| d |fa6e|b97d|b850|dc67|7a3e|1835|bc2c|582b|f9fe|98dd|3d88|dfff| 7 3.2 Editing the Sound Adrum lets you change the parameters that came with the sound. 3.2.1 Rate Rate is the frequency the sound is played at in Hz. You can change this by clicking on the present number and entering a new one. You can return to the proper value by clicking on DEF next to the rate box. 3.2.2 Length Length is the size of the sample in bytes. You can decrease this value so as to play a smaller part of the sample. DEF again returns the proper value. 3.2.3 Repeats Repeats gives the number of times that the sustain part (if there is one) of the IFF sample to be played. This value can be set to zero if the length becomes smaller than the beginning of the repeat. 3.2.4 Volume Volume controls the relative amplitude of the sound with respect to the other sounds in ADrum. MAX returns this value to 64. The sound generation process can now be repeated on fresh instruments slots to build up your own drumkit. We suggest that the best way to make a new drumkit is to load in the standard drumkit and edit this. Playing the sounds can be done via the computer keyboard. Depress the CAPS LOCK so that the LED lights up and then press any letter that corresponds to an instrument slot that you defined. You are now in a position to play live a sequence. Sound can also be played via MIDI, but refer to the section on MIDI that follows later. All sounds in this mode come out of hardware voice L1, therefore this must be ON to hear anything. 3.3 The Drumkit 3.3.1 Drumkit Path After creating a set of instruments, by the above method, you have in fact created a drumkit. What you need to do is to save this piece of intensive labour. This is done by use of the 'Drumkit' menu. First select 'path' from this menu and set up the directory you want to use, like you did for samples path, then select 'save' from the drumkit menu. Enter the name in the bottom slot, or choose one of the existing ones to over write. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |5260|3f90|e7c0|b670|87e0|5950|aac0|ffb0|cde0|9f10|70c0|55f0| b |f7f4|b00a|6b20|b076|f94c|d262|9878|55ce|19e4|e8ba|a8d0|70e6| c |fdc8|2c84|fb40|adfc|e8b8|2774|e630|bcec|6ba8|3664|e120|9fdc| d |039c|bcfe|7e60|a3c2|d924|8e8e|47e8|fb6a|aebc|643e|1970|ced2| 8 3.3.1 Drumkit Path After creating a set of instruments, by the above method, you have in fact created a drumkit. What you need to do now is to save this piece of intensive labour. This is done by the use of the 'Drumkit' menu. First select 'path' from this menu and set up the directory you want to use, like you did for the samples path, then select 'save' from the drumkit menu. Enter the name in the bottom slot, or choose one of the existing ones to over write. Click on OK to save the drumkit. Only the names of the sample and other information is saved, not the actual sounds themselves, as you already have them in your sounds directory. 3.3.2 Drumkit Load To load a drumkit, again check the path, then select 'Load' from the drumkit menu. Select a drumkit to load and click on OK. When the drumkit is loaded ADrum will automatically attempt to load in all the samples so that the drumkit is ready to use. Therefore you MUST make sure that the path for the sample is correctly set. Use 'Getname' to make sure. 3.3.3 Drumkit Rename The rename function is simply to allow you to change the name of the drumkit without having to save it. 3.4 More about Output As you may, or may not know the Amiga is capable of playing four sounds at once, and in stereo. Adrum uses this ability when playing the sequencer. You can control this by using the four output control buttons under the word Project. They are numbered 1 to 4 and each have a preceding letter. The letter tells you which speaker the sound will come out of. Clicking on each button will flip the voice between on and off so that selective play back can be achieved. Also this is used in conjunction with MIDI out, but more of that later. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |0bfc|flea|da88|ff5c|aeb0|bd0a|73f0|5ef8|4b94|287a|0f40|f69c| b |bed2|9771|79d0|4f4f|3cee|4e5d|f7cc|dd5b|e2ca|e869|5dc8|3b57| c |6bd4|76fa|7b20|df46|b36c|9792|7bb8|2fde|3404|d8aa|ec50|8176| d |led6|ddeb|ef70|6f3d|fb8e|05d7|cfac|9a71|653e|300b|fef8|c5a5| 9 4.0 Using the Sequencer The ADrum sequencer is designed to allow you to create and play drum sequences using the drumkit you have already made. A sequence (or track) is made up of measures, where a measure is created by your sounds. 4.0.1 Adrum Beats It is important to talk about what ADrum calls a beat. If you look at the Measure Editor (the four long black strips) you will see in between them small dots with a a larger one every eight. The small dot is what ADrum normally considers a beat. ADrum lets you play one sound per voice per beat. The 'Beats' and 'Speed' number also refer to this. Due to the flexibility of ADrum you can, if you wish refer to any number of these 'dots' as a musical beat, and the dots in between as extra resolution. Resolution is the amount you can play off the beat to create more 'feel'. We suggest that you use four or eight dots per beat. You have to remember though that the speed still refers to ADrum beats per minute so you must divide this number by your dots per beat. 4.1.0 Editing a Measure ADrum allows up to 64 different measures of variable length. To choose which measure to edit use the slider underneath the Measure Editor to change the measure number from 1 to 64. You can then decide how many ADrum beats you wish to use for this measure by using the next slider below. This number should be a multiple of the 'dots per beat' you are using. You can experiment with the 'time-drift effect' you can have, by not doing this. The parts of the measure you have decided not to use will be shown in white, and you cannot edit in this area. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |f388|dfc4|cc60|ca4c|ec88|c6e4|ff00|fd4c|b5e8|blc4|bec0|eeec| b |d7b0|8a98|7f80|6f68|71d0|7478|4720|3a88|2cf0|1fd8|b2c0|47e8| c |57e0|7570|2b00|d590|fe20|e7b0|d140|bbd0|a660|cdf0|7780|7110| d |1e70|fbd8|dbc0|bab8|9af0|7b28|dbe0|7bd0|fbd0|fd08|fcc0|be78| 10 4.1.1 Percussion Instrument Adrum, like any other drum machine, deals with percussion instruments, that is, it only cares when a sound starts, the duration of the sound depending upon the sound itself. Now, the four strips you have in front of you (no matter how long they are) represent time for each hardware voice. To make a sound at any time in the black strips, you select a sound from the top strip (a black dash will move to it) and click in one of the four black strips for the voice you wanted to sound. The position along the strip will determine when the sound is played. Use the dots as an accurate guide. You will see a letter representing the sound appear where you clicked. You can remove it, by clicking on it, using the right mouse button. You can put more sounds anywhere you like in the black strips. 4.1.2 Playback Control To hear what you have produced click on 'PLAYm>', the fourth button down is Playback Control. To hear it continuously, depress the 'REPEAT' button before playing. To stop the Playback click on 'STOP'. you can alter the tempo by using the speed slider control. 4.2 More Editing Functions 4.2.1 Insert Delete As well as the basic putting and removing of sounds ADrum lets you use some extra editing functions. These are to be found under the 'Edit' menu. Insert and Delete do not actually enter sounds, but move the present ones around by inserting or deleting entries in the measure strips and, therefore moving the strip to the right, forward or back. Note that any sounds pushed off the end of the strip will be lost. 4.2.2 Replace Replace allows you to easily change one sound for another. Clicking on a sound different to the one presently selected will change all occurrences of that sound in the strip to the selected one. This also works with the right button for multiple, but for selective removal. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |dc70|addc|bf88|flba|e3dc|f678|4620|17da|2970|3b5c|5cd0|5f6a| b |74ae|7cdf|a530|ddb1|f5d2|9e63|bf74|eec5|b736|bf77|cfb8|fle9| c |4dec|ffe6|cae0|4dda|6ad4|47ce|4ec8|d5c2|64bc|4bb6|76b0|63aa| d |ad4e|5afd|16d0|87f3|fbd6|f57d|ff9c|dcff|f66e|c905|bda8|f35b| 11 4.2.3 Livewrite Livewrite is a means to edit while ADrum is playing back an existing measure or sequence. Select one of the numbers in the livewrite sub-menu, this number is the hardware voice strip you are going to edit. Then, while you are playing a measure, either using 'PLAYm>' or 'PLAY>', playing a sound on the computer keyboard will enter that sound into the measure, at that time in the chosen strip. Pressing the space bar will remove the sounds. Playing the measure at a slower tempo is recommended with this editing function. The other editing functions are still available when ADrum is not playing. Selecting 'OFF' in the livewrite sub-menu assures safety during playback. 4.2.4 Track Edit Once you have created a number of measures you can string them together to form a whole drum sequence. This is done by specifying the order of how the measures are to be played and how many times each measure plays. To enter a measure into the track sequence change the number under measure in the track edit panel. Make sure you press the RETURN key. If you enter in a blank measure the current measure will be used. Then enter the number of times that this measure will play at this point in the sequence, under the times section. Then click in the box to the right where you want to put this entry. The entry will be inserted at this point, pushing the one you clicked on, and the rest below, down one. So, for the first entry click on END OF SEQ. Clicking on an entry with the right mouse button will delete it. Then pressing 'PLAY>' in the playback panel will play the entire track. 'REPEAT' can be used for continuous play back. 4.2.5 Measure to Measure Copy At some time it may be useful to copy a measure to another, so that a section of rhythm which is similar can be edited to form a new one. This can be achieved by first, selecting the measure you want to copy as the current measure. Then select the sub-menu 'FROM', and 'COPY' under the edit menu. Now select, as the current measure, the measure that you want to copy to. To actually do the copy, select the sub menu 'TO' which is underneath from. All the measure data and the beat length will now have been copied. You will have noted that the number of the measure you have selected to copy from appeared next to the word 'from' in the copy sub menu. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |64f0|cbf0|b300|fa18|c560|aeb8|4fc0|7e50|9f60|c470|eba0|9798| b |d36c|73e6|8ef0|ffba|da54|ea4e|64c8|23a2|453c|5ef6|feb0|9a6a| c |c5f8|765c|6ac0|7f24|df88|b7ec|bc50|f2b4|f518|ff7c|6de0|2244| d |358c|bb96|46e0|51ae|5cfc|6fce|72d8|7fee|88fc|9566|bfd0|aa1e| 12 4.2.6 Saving the Project The first menu is called Project. Again select 'PATH' and check that the disk directory that you wish to use for ADrum Projects is correct. Then select save, and save the Project under any name you wish, the same way you did for the drumkit. After clicking on OK the measure data, the track sequence, the speed, and the drumkit name is saved. Note that only the name of the drumkit is saved, like the way the name of the samples are saved for a drumkit. Therefore make sure the drumkit has the right name by either saving the drumkit first if it needs to be, or using the rename function in the drumkit menu. Use open in the Project menu to load in a previous Project, but make sure that both the drumkit and the sample paths are correctly set. After loading in a Project, ADrum will attempt to load in the correct drumkit, which in turn will attempt to load the sampled sounds. 4.2.7 Backup Project Selecting backup will save the Project under the current name straight away. This allows you to make quick saves after the first normal save. 4.2.8 Revert Revert will open a Project under the current name, which is usually the same Project, but without the latest alterations. 4.2.9 New Project New Project clears out all the measures and sequence data. It does not remove the current drumkit. This is because we suggest that the best way to make a new drumkit is to load in the standard drumkit and edit this. If you do, however, require a blank drumkit, we have provided one for you to load. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |2d94|6a0a|e6f8|a688|9f70|7bea|98e0|dffc|15dc|5dca|9b40|d7f8| b |bbca|6d6d|bc90|cfb3|fef6|73f9|675c|b93f|cb62|ff85|31a8|e4cb| c |b704|66d2|9aa0|f46e|ff3c|4c0a|35d8|5ba6|8774|ff42|db10|c3de| d |3bbe|7e37|7eb0|dd69|bdee|fe5b|ffbc|lf2d|bf86|7fff|a978|fcf9| 13 5.0 ADRUM AND MIDI MIDI stands for Musical Instrument Digital Interface, and as ADrum turns your AMIGA into a digital instrument it seems natural to support it. For the AMIGA to use MIDI you must have a standard interface in the AMIGA's serial port, and another instrument with MIDI (maybe another AMIGA running ADrum), and a serial lead connecting them together. As this set up is not cheap and is probably used by a dedicated musician we will assume that you already know something about MIDI. 5.0.1 Further Reading If you do not much about MIDI, but are interested we suggest that you read a publication about MIDI, as it is worth knowing more than we have room to explain here. We recommend MIDI for Musicians by Craig Anderson, published by Amsco US ISBN 0.8256.2214.X UK ISBN 0.7119.0822.2. 5.0.2 MIDI In and Out ADrum supports both MIDI In and Out. To select the channel use the MIDI menu items In and Out. If you click on SOUNDS above the In in the MIDI control Panel, ADrum will accept note-on codes and play one of its sounds in live time mode. ADrum only listens for note on and note off. ADrum responds to the bottom two octaves on a five octave keyboard, ranging from C two octaves below middle C to middle C#. If SOUNDS out is selected and a hardware voice is turned off then ADrum sends a note on, quickly followed by a note off, whatever mode it is in. The receiving' instrument must be using a percussion instrument, say, a piano. 5.0.3 MIDI Clock ADrum also uses clock in and out, using start and stop codes to allow ADrum to be master, slave or both. MIDI uses twenty four clock pulses per beat for timing, but ADrum has variable beat notation. This means that ADrum has to respond to 24/dots per beat. The MCpB sub-menu allows you to choose the most common ones. Therefore select 6 if you are using 4 dots per beat. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |f6c0|4ca8|9a40|efe0|7dd0|8fb8|ele0|33e0|8560|ffe8|2980|7ee0| b |9128|59b4|a640|eacc|7758|7fe4|e470|0cfc|f588|9e14|e6a0|6fac| c |2c10|6b48|aa80|f9b8|38f0|6928|af60|e698|77d0|6708|ec40|f378| d |4ef8|7cdc|fbc0|eda4|5ee8|546c|8e50|dc34|fe38|3ffc|65e0|97f4| 14 6.0 Reference Section DO NOT READ THIS SECTION! (yet) Wait until you find that you cannot remember how to use a function of ADrum and then look here for a reminder. 6.0.1 The Menu Contents These are not available in the play mode. 6.0.2 Project Menu 6.0.3 New This will erase the current measure and track contents ready for a fresh Project. 6.0.4 Open This will allow you to load in a project. Make sure that the drumkit and sample paths are correct. 6.0.5 Save This will save a Project. Make sure that the drumkit has the correct name. 6.0.6 Backup This will save a prenamed/presaved Project. This allows quick backup saves to be made while editing. 6.0.7 Revert This loads a Project with the same name as the current Project. 6.0.8 Path This allows you to set the current disk directory you want to use for your project files. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |bef0|b638|8fa8|f4ca|5e34|dbdc|3ab0|d9ea|f930|7978|d7f0|2f0a| b |fa26|4dfb|abf0|09e5|e7fa|edcf|a3c4|elb9|dfae|3de3|df98|f9ad| c |311c|f5be|ca60|bf02|77a4|e946|1ce8|778a|e72c|dbce|ef70|c412| d |da7e|9dad|fdd0|741f|7f6e|cfbd|f60c|el5b|beee|f7fd|43e8|ae97| 15 6.1 Edit Menu 6.1.1 Put This selects the normal editing mode where a sound can be simply be entered or removed. 6.1.2 Delete This will delete entries in the measure, shifting the remainder on the right to the left one ADrum beat. 6.1.3 Insert This inserts blank spaces into the measures shifting the entries on the right and losing the last entry on the right as it scrolls off. 6.1.4 Replace This allows you to change common occurrences of one sound in a strip to another. Click on the one you want to change and it will change into the selected instrument. If the right mouse button is used the entries will be removed. 6.1.5. Livewrite This allows real time editing of the measures. Refer to the previous section on livewrite. 6.1.6 CopyMeasure This function allows you to copy a measure to another specific measure. You must specify the start and destination measure using the sub menus. 6.2 Drumkit 6.2.1 Load This loads a drumkit, and then all the samples it needs. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |b7a0|4670|a580|fdb0|7ae0|f7d0|73c0|f070|6d60|e9d0|7780|f7b0| b |eee4|4262|bfa0|2cfe|bc5c|4fba|cb98|f776|69d4|dd32|7290|c3ee| c |1628|9034|ea40|5c4c|fe58|6864|9270|fc7c|e688|d094|3aa0|e4ac| d |7d6c|be26|lee0|7fba|e0d4|c91e|b3c8|8a82|e33c|c3f6|74f0|a5fa| 16 6.2.2 Save This saves the sound for a drumkit. 6.2.3 Rename This allows you to change the name of the drumkit, without saving it. 6.2.4 Path This allows you to set the current disk directory you want to use for your drumkit files. 6.3 MIDI 6.3.1 Out This selects the output MIDI channel. Select the number from the sub-menu. 6.3.2 In This selects the input MIDI channel. Select the number from the sub-menu. 6.3.3 MCpB This is for converting your ADrum beat notation to that of another drum machine. Refer to MIDI section 5.0. 6.4 Sample 6.4.1 Reload This makes ADrum forget all the sample it has in memory and try to reload them again. This is useful if you are running low on memory and need to jiggle with the AMIGA's memory allocation system. Small gaps of memory may be recovered, especially if you have been playing around with the drumkit a lot. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |585c|e2fa|f4c8|079c|98b0|2bca|fdf0|6ef8|ed14|f32a|8740|97dc| b |edc2|3699|bfd0|6897|d0de|5fb5|e2ec|ebf3|fbfa|fed1|8588|8f5f| c |8b34|8aaa|2a20|cb96|590c|8882|47f8|afee|07e4|a6da|lfd0|8546| d |68a6|deeb|dcf0|eb55|413e|b75f|ad8c|b3a9|5fde|8ffb|lfd8|7dbd| 17 6.4.2 Path This allows you to set the current disk directory you want to use for your sample files. 6.4.3 Getname This allows you to choose a sample name from the current path. 6.5 Sound Generation 6.5.1 SoundSelect Clicking on one of the twenty-six squares at the top of the screen will select an instrument slot to edit. The letter of the selected sound will appear half-way down the screen with an asterisk if that sound is presently not in memory. 6.5.2 Loading a sound Enter a sample name in the slot next to the gadget button. Then click on ISSUE to load the sample and get its default settings. Press the shifted letter on the keyboard to hear the sound. 6.5.3 Editing a sound The rate, length number of sustain repeats and relative volume can be all changed using the gadgets below the sample name. Illegal values are caught so not to crash the machine. 6.5.4 Sound Output The AMIGA has four hardware voices. ADrum creates sequences that can play all four voices at once. Clicking on one of the buttons named L1,R2,R3,L4 to the off state stops AMIGA audio on that channel. Also the voice needs to be off if it is to be used for MIDI output. 6.5.5 Measure Edit Choose which measure to edit by using the measure slider. The number of ADrum beats for this measure can be chosen using the beats slider. The tempo can be chosen using the speed slider. The various edit modes can be used to put sounds in a measure. | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | |----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----|----| a |9958|e294|6c20|2f84|b768|5e84|26a0|af94|d558|fcd4|b500|cfa4| b |aea0|2ed0|f900|7730|3560|b3d0|6bd0|dff0|7f20|lcd0|be80|59b0| c |1440|9520|2e00|bee0|d3c0|eda0|fd80|1360|e740|7d20|d100|f5e0| d |73e0|ff70|8fc0|5698|eea0|3db8|f9e0|54d0|d0f0|5bf0|e708|7378| 18 6.5.6 Playback The playback control consists of six buttons. Click on PLAYm> to hear the present measure played. Depress REPEAT for continuous playing. Use STOP to return to edit mode. PlAY> is used to play complete sequence. Pause will halt playback of a measure or sequence until it is pressed again. V off is used to stop the scan bar that crosses the measure. 6.5.7 Track Edit Change the numbers under Measure and Times in the track edit panel to appropriate values. Click in the sequence box to inset the new entry. Use the right mouse button to remove an entry. the present version allows up to 128 entries. 6.5.8 MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface. Refer to the previous section on MIDI 5.0. 19 7.0 Glossary Accent This is the way a real drummer puts expression into his work. You can simulate this by changing the volume slightly of the drumsounds. You have to store each sound in the kit again at different volume to do it but you have a twenty-six piece kit. Beat The standard timing measure of music. Click Means depress on the left mouse button while the pointer is over the desired object. Drumkit This is a collection of sounds to form the instrument known as the drum machine. Files IFF This is a standard file format. ADrum recognizes the IFF sound format used by other packages which includes data on frequency and looping. Gating A common sound used today on drums is the gate-reverb. We Have included on your disk pure reverb signals. They may be gated by placing them after a drum sound and then placing another sound, or blank, in the channel to 'cut' them short. Measure This is a unit of sequence that contains a commonly repeated drum pattern. Menu Is a choice of function accessed by clicking the right mouse button along the top of the screen. MIDI Musical Instrument Digital Interface. A standard enabling musical instruments to communicate. MIDI allows you to play another instrument from ADrum or synchronize a sequencer playing a keyboard. It in fact truly FAB and we suggest further reading as there is insufficient space here to it justice! Mouse Is an input device used by the AMIGA! Panning By placing two identical drum sounds on a left and right channel ( L1 and R2, say ) stereo placing is possible. However, if you have several sounds the same, but with different volumes, placing in order going left to right a gentle sweep called a pan is achieved. The rate is controlled by position and the number of volume increments. Project The name given to the current drum patterns you are designing. Resolution The number of ADrums beats to a musical beat. Usually eight, though by doubling the speed and beat sliders, sixteen can be achieved. You do not have to stick to conventional amounts, be original! 20 Sample Rate This is the rate at which a sound is played. Sampled Sound The way that ADrum produces a sound. This is digitization of real live sounds. Adrum is not a sound sampler, but can load in IFF format files from any available sampler. 8.0 Appendix For best results it is recommended that you do not use the disk drives while ADrum is playing a rhythm. Due to 'task priorities' within the AMIGA, ADrum slows down slightly on each disk access. Best playback occurs when all disk drives have disks in them. Note: In code input sometimes 1 and l are confused as in to which is actually represented in the manual due to unclear printing in the manual. So your code entry may be wrong, but you typed what this manual says, just type the second code offered you and try again. Sorry for the inconvenience. BullFrog Productions 21 ============================================================================ DOCS PROVIDED BY -+*+-THE SOUTHERN STAR-+*+- for M.A.A.D. ============================================================================